Occupational Stress In Medical Workers at Naibonat Hospital

Occupational stress is a condition in which the work demands exceed the workers' capabilities, resulting in various adverse reactions to the worker's physical, psychological, and behaviour. The inability to answer these demands is very likely a trigger for work stress, that work stress is a situation where a person faces a task or job that cannot or cannot be reached by his / her abilities. The purpose of this study was to determine the work stress of health workers (nurses, midwives, and doctors) and to determine work stress based on aspects of work stress (physiological, psychological, and behavioral) in health workers at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency. This type of research is quantitative research. The total sample was 110 health workers, namely 51 nurses, 49 midwives, and 10 doctors. This study, using descriptive analysis to determine the work stress between nurses, midwives, and doctors. The results of the descriptive analysis state that there is a comparison of work stress between nurses, midwives, and doctors as well as aspects of work stress in terms of aspects (physiology, psychology, and behavior) in health workers at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency.


Introduction
One of the health service institutions that provides complete individual health services by providing inpatient, outpatient, and emergency services is called a hospital (UU RI NO.44, 2009). Capital that is expected to continue to increase, technology that continues to develop, and human resources as the driving force require effective management rules/processes to meet optimal service demands (Dewi, 2015). Hospitals also provide quality and affordable services for the community to improve the community's optimal health status (Depkes, 2009).
The quality of health services is one of the things that is closely related to the satisfaction of service users or patients. A service is said to be good or bad depending on the level of service user satisfaction based on the service's quality. So that in this case, health workers are one of the professions that have an enormous social responsibility, and health workers are tasked with facilitating and helping patients get health services (Megawati, 2010). Health workers, in this case, include nurses, midwives, and doctors who have their respective roles and duties in a particular hospital. Besides having to be skilled and educated, they must also have proficiency in performing medical procedures.
The inability to answer work demands is likely a trigger for work stress, as Ubaidillah (in Arisona, 2008) stated that stress is increased when a person faces a task or job that cannot or cannot be reached by his / her abilities. Stress at the workspace is something that workers experience almost every day. A person who experiences stress has irritable, moody, restless, anxious, and low morale behaviour. So, when a person is exposed to stress, providing nursing services will decrease; in the end, it will bring complaints from patients (Nurmalasari, 2012). Sarafino (2012) states that stress is a condition caused by the interaction between the individual and the environment, causing a perception of distance between demands, originating from situations originating in a person's biological, psychological and social From the interviews conducted with several health workers at the Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency, they have different work stresses where they have duties and responsibilities that must be fast, precise, and deft so that this is what determines the high and low work stress on health workers. Related to the phenomenon of work stress in health workers, in this case, nurses, midwives, and doctors can be seen in previous research conducted by Zulfikar (2013) with the title "Description of work stress for nurses who work in acute wards and emergency departments at home area public service agencies. Aceh government mental illness in 2013 ", the method used was quantitative methods, the research design used a descriptive design, and the results showed that job stress in terms of the organization was at a high level (53.3%). Meanwhile, in terms of intrapersonal factors, it is at a high/low level of 50%. Furthermore, when viewed based on interpersonal factors, it is at a high level (56.7%). On the background of the problems described above and looking at the results of previous studies, the authors are interested in researching "Work Stress on Health Workers at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency."

Method
This research uses quantitative research, data collected through measurement procedures and processed by statistical analysis methods (Azwar, 2017). The type of research used is a comparative method to determine the differences in occupational stress on nurses, midwives, and doctors at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency. The sample that was used as subjects is 52 respondents. The 50 items work stress scale used in this study was adapted from Sarafino (Sri Febriani, 2017). The Cronbach Alpha value of 0.933 indicates that the measuring instrument has high reliability.

Result
The data calculated on the descriptions of research subjects based on the occupational stress category of health workers at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency, are shown in the following table: Table 1 The category of work stress on health workers in terms of nurses midwives and doctors at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency.

Discussion
Occupational stress is often associated with demands, such as responsibility, pressure, obligation, and even uncertainty faced by individuals at work while resources are things or objects that individuals can use in meeting demands, someone those who experience stress due to pressure or other items have irritable, moody, restless, anxious and low moral behavior. The performance in providing nursing services will decrease. In the end, it will cause complaints by patients (Nurmalasari, 2012).
Based on the results of the descriptive analysis in

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in the category the percentage of midwives was included in the low category. The results found are in line with the results of interviews and observations when collecting data in the field. There was a midwife who said that when we have done our responsibilities on patients or something else after we finish we often sit (chat) with roommates, there are also observations that I see there are many midwives who often play cellphones (gadgets) some are fell asleep on the chair. So that this makes the midwives do not have high work stress.
Based on the results of the work stress analysis on the physiological aspects in Whereas in the psychological aspect in table 2, health workers at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency are in the medium category of 50.91% as many as 56 people, the high category is 5.45% as many as 6 people and the low category is 43.64% as many as 48 people. which shows that the psychology of health workers at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency is like feeling depressed when facing various problems, many demands so that they often experience frustration, feel tense, and anxiety.
In the behavioral aspect of It is known that work stress on health workers (nurses, midwives, and doctors) at Naibonat Hospital, Kupang Regency in terms of aspects of work stress (physiology, psychology, and behavior), namely the physiological aspects of health workers are in the medium category, psychology is in the medium category, as well as aspects of behavior with a low category.