Bullying Behavior among College Students in the Nusa Cendana University

Bullying is a phenomenon that still occurs in the education world, including in higher education institutions. The research objective was to identify the bullying behavior and the types of bullying and how it felt by students at Nusa Cendana University. This type of research uses quantitative research with the Man-Whitney U analysis design. The number of samples is 335 students from the University of Nusa Cendana. The results showed that the bullies mostly came from students aged 22-24 years old and students aged 18-19 years old are more often bullied. Male students were more likely to be bullied and be victims of bullying than females. Students who were on the committee during the student orientation period do have a higher physical bullying rate than those who have never been on the committee, raising some questions for the evaluation of the student orientation implementation. If the level of bullying experienced by students increases, the higher the level of bullying they do, thus prolonging the cycle of bullying in students.


Introduction
Bullying is a phenomenon that still occurs in the education world, for example in a higher education institution. At the university level, there are many cases of bullying that even lead to loss of life. However, only a few of them show on the surface because they are considered as a joke or are not taken seriously by the university. This is evidenced by several cases of bullying reported in the newspaper. In Indonesia, there was a case at Gunadarma University on a student with the initial MF (Liputan6.com, 2017). Cases of bullying in the Kupang city occurred in several universities, but to a lesser extent in faculties or courses. This is rarely published as it is considered something normal for both bullies and victims. Some students who have been bullied rarely fight back because there is a culture of seniority and juniority without realizing that these acts disrupt the victim's mentality. One of the cases that happened in the Kupang city, but there are still many mysteries about the cause, is the Liliba Bridge suicide case of AK (24), a nursing student at Kupang Health Engineering Poly. According to news in media, AK did it because he had a mild depression after he knows that his illness could not be recovered (Tribunnews.com, 2020). However, based on an interview the researcher conducted with AK's cousin on January 29, 2020, the researcher received a surprising fact that AK often gets verbal bullying behavior from his friends in college by making him look like a more feminine male. The researcher also interviewed his friend from high school on January 25, 2020. It turned out that AK was taking medicine since he is in grade XII and was verbally abused during senior high school.
Based on the results of interviews with several students, those are TK, HP, and YK, conducted on January 9, 2020, it is known that there are treatments on student orientation period from some older students that made them feel uncomfortable. Even student orientation period has finished, TK always avoided the two seniors who had done unpleasant things to him.
The term bullying refers to aggressive behavior by a student or group of students who have the power to be easily offended against other students or students who are weaker, and unable to defend themselves, intending to harm that person (Shavreni & Beta, 2017). According to the Big Indonesian Dictionary, bullying is a process, a method, an act of bullying. The word bullying itself has the meaning of worrying, constantly harassing, hurting physically and psychologically, repetitive in the form of verbal, social, or physical violence, and from time to time, hitting, pushing, spreading rumors, threatening or, undermining. Bullying is a situation in which there is an abuse of power by a person or group. The strong point here is not just physical but also mental. Victims of bullying cannot defend themselves or defend themselves because they are physically and/or mentally weak (Semai Jiwa Foundation Team Amini, 2008).
According to Coloroso, there are 4 types of bullying which are verbal bullying, psychological bullying, relational bullying, and cyberbullying. Sullivan and Clearly also suggested several forms of bullying, namely physical and non-physical, which were further subdivided, namely verbal and non-verbal (Putri & Silalahi, 2017). The SEJIWA Foundation also divides bullying into physical bullying, non-physical bullying, mental or psychological bullying. Bullying can be influenced by several factors, namely differences in economic class, seniority, seniority traditions, families that do not get along, the situation of educational institutions that are not harmonious or discriminatory, individual or group characteristics such as revenge or jealousy, and the wrong perception of values for that Behavior of the victim. Putri and Silalahi (2017) carried out studies on the subject of bullying among students on students of the teacher training program for early childhood education at the Muslim Nusantara Al Washliyah University with 102 research subjects, the middle category with a share of 74.5%. Besides that, the bullying behavior was verbal with a share of 73.5% and predominantly by students in the seventh semester with a share of 83.9%. A similar study was carried out by Sartana and Afriyeni (2017) on the subject of cyber-bullying among early adolescents, which found that the number of teenage girls who were bullied was higher than that of boys. The number of female victims was 99 respondents (58%), while the male victims were only 73 respondents (44%).
Based on the above problems, the researcher would like to describe the bullying behavior that occurs among students at Nusa Cendana University. Students at Nusa Cendana University Kupang were chosen by researchers as research topics as Nusa Cendana University is one of the largest universities in East Nusa Tenggara. Nusa Cendana University is also a very sought-after university, so many students come from different regions with different personalities and sociocultural.

Method
This study uses quantitative research, where analysis uses numerical data processing with statistical methods to test hypotheses (Azwar, 2012). The type of research used is quantitative research with Spearman and Mann-Whitney-U analysis designs to test hypotheses. The sampling process in this study is to use a table to determine the number of samples with a 10% margin of error from a population of 40,000 subjects with a target sample of 270 subjects. The number of subjects in this study was 335 students when looking at the sample determination table (Sugiyono, 2014).

Results
Participants in this study were people of late adolescence who were participants and committee members for the student orientation period aged 18 to 24 years, male and female, a total of 335 people, who are described as follows: and 24 years old are 10 respondents (2.99%). When viewed based on participation in the new student orientation period, there were 328 respondents (97.91%) who took part in the orientation phase and 7 respondents (2.09%) did not take part in the orientation phase.
There are also 145 respondents (43.28%) who have been committee members of the student orientation period and 190 respondents (56.72%) who haven't been on the committee for the guidance period.  0.000 N 335 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
The table above shows that the correlation coefficient between the variable victim of bullying and bullying behavior is 0.526. Using the above criteria, it can be seen that the correlation of the two variables is significant since the significance number is 0.000 <0.05.
The higher the level of bullying experienced by students, the higher the rate of bullying that they do. The table above shows that the bullies and victim variables are significant as they have a value of 0.008 <0.05 and 0.0002 <0.05. This means that there are differences in behavior and bullying victims between male and female students.
The table above shows that there is no difference between victims of verbal, physical, and social bullying between students who were on the committee during the student orientation period and those who were never on the committee. However, there are differences in physical bullies (p= 0.019 <0.05) between members and nonmembers of the Student Orientation Committee. Members of the Student Orientation Committee have a higher rate of bullying than non-member students.

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means that most of the victims of verbal and physical bullying are felt by the students who were on the committee member of the student orientation period. And most of the victims of social bullying are students who have never been on the committee. However, since there are no differences between the variables, it can be concluded that there is no difference between victims of verbal, physical, and social bullying between students who are on the committee member of student orientation period and those who have never attended the committee of the student orientation period. The This means that verbal bullying behavior is mostly carried out by students who have been on the committee of t h e student orientation period, and social bullying behavior is mostly carried out by those who have never been on the committee of the student orientation period. However, since there are no differences between the variables, it can be concluded that there is no difference in verbal and social bullying behavior between students who were on the committee during the new course counseling phase and those who were never on the committee during the student orientation period.
In the category of bullying bullies in the table above, the mean rank for the category of students who were on the committee of the student orientation period is 177.89 and for the category who never served on the committee of the student, the orientation period is 160. 45.
This means that the most physical bullying behavior is carried out by students who were on the committee of the student orientation period.

Discussion
group, if there is no tolerance on the part of group members, are the cause of bullying. The results of the statistical analysis show that men are more prone to bullying and are more likely to be victims of the bullying behavior itself. This is in line with Olweus' finding that more boys than girls commit violence against others and Kim et al. mentioned that male students generally exhibit more physical bullying behaviors, such as hitting or kicking other classmates (Zakiyah et al., 2017).
Bullying behavior is also often propagated as a common occurrence by the students themselves. As reported by Zakiyah et al. (2017) found that bullying can also occur due to the social influence of students who believe that bullying is a natural thing of the students. In this case, bullying behavior can arise through interactions with other people, namely as an experience of being a victim of bullying in the past. Bandura also revealed that people behave by imitating models or other people. In this case, student bullying behavior may occur by mimicking other students that occurs at Nusa Cendana University, Kupang.

Conclusion
Based on the research carried out, several things can be concluded, that there is a significant connection between the victim of bullying and the behavior of bullying among students at Nusa Cendana University. Bullying is mainly practiced and felt by male students. There is no difference in verbal, physical, and social bullying victims between students who were on the committee of the student orientation period and those who never be the committee of the student orientation period. Furthermore, there is no difference in verbal bullying behavior between students who were on the committee of the student orientation period and those who were never on the committee of the student orientation period.
The researchers hope that from the behavior of the committee in conducting the orientation for new students, the students of Nusa Cendana University can take good classes in accordance with the norms of society. Likewise, students at the University of Nusa Cendana who have become seniors can be role models and behave appropriately as students on the campus. Educational institutions, particularly those at the higher education level, are expected to be able to control the behavior of students who have become seniors by