PERSENTASE TUTUPAN VEGETASI HUTAN MANGROVE DI PESISIR PANTAI DESA OETETA, KECAMATAN SULAMU, KABUPATEN KUPANG

Abstract

Abstrak - Desa Oeteta adalah salah satu desa di Kecamatan Sulamu yang memiliki garis pantai terpanjang yaitu 4.370 m dan banyak ditumbuhi oleh vegetasi mangrove. Hutan mangrove di Desa Oeteta sebagian besar telah digunakan sebagai sumber penghidupan diantaranya pembukaan lahan tambak garam, pengambilan kayu bakar maupun pembangunan pemukiman, dan penebangan hutan mangrove. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui jenis mangrove yang ada di pesisir pantai Desa Oeteta dan persentase penutupannya. Pengambilan data mangrove dilakukan pada tanggal 11 November, 23 November, 30 November, dan 7 Desember 2019 pada pukul 10.00-15.00 Wita. Pengukuran parameter lingkungan dilakukan ketika pengambilan sampel mangrove pada pukul 08.00-09.00 Wita. Transek sepanjang 100 meter diperlukan untuk melakukan pengamatan jenis dan penutupan mangrove. Penentuan penutupan mangrove menggunakan teknik hemisperichal photography yaitu menghitung luasan tutupan kanopi dengan menggunakan kamera dari bawah kanopi pohon untuk menentukan jumlah penutupan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga jenis mangrove di pesisir pantai Desa Oeteta yaitu Avicennia alba, Rhizophora apiculata dan Avicennia officinalis. Persetanse penutupan mangrove di pesisir Desa Oeteta memiliki kisaran nilai <50% dan termasuk dalam kriteria jarang dan kategori rusak berat. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa jenis mangrove yang ditemukan di pesisir pantai Desa Oeteta, Kecamatan Sulamu terdapat dua famili yaitu Avicenniaceae dan Rhizophoraceae dengan persentase penutupan tertinggi mangrove didominasi oleh jenis Rhizophora apiculata dengan nilai sebesar (49,70%), kemudian diikuti spesies mangrove Avicennia alba dengan nilai sebesar (46,45%).

Kata kunci: Mangrove, Penutupan, Oeteta, Sulamu

Abstract - Oeteta Village is the one of village in Sulamu district which have the longest coastline namely 4.370 m and is overgrown by mangrove vegetation. Most of mangrove forest in Oeteta village have been used as a source of livelihood including the opening the field of salt ponds, taking firewood and building the settlement, and clearing mangrove forest. The purpose of this study was to determine the types of mangrove on the coast of Oeteta village and the percentage of their mangrove cover. Mangrove data collection was carried out on November 11, November 23, November 30, and December 7, 2019 at 10.00-15.00 WITA. Measurement of environmental parameters was carried out when sampling mangroves at 08.00-09.00 WITA. The 100 meter long transect is needed to observe mangrove species and cover. Determination of mangrove cover using hemisperichal photography technique, namely calculating the area of canopy cover using a camera from under the tree canopy to determine the amount of cover. The results showed that there were three types of mangroves on the coast of Oeteta Village, namely Avicennia alba, Rhizophora apiculata and Avicennia officinalis. The percentage of mangrove cover on the coast of Oeteta Village has a value range of <50% and is included in the criteria for rare and heavily damaged cate gories. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that the types of mangroves found on the coast of Oeteta Village, Sulamu District, there are two families namely Avicenniaceae and Rhizophoraceae with the highest percentage of mangrove cover being dominated by Rhizophora apiculata with a value of (49.70%), followed by species Avicennia alba mangrove with a value of (46.45%).

Keywords: Mangrove, Closure, Oeteta, Sulamu