Gambaran Hematologi dari Pemberian Anestesi Kombinasi Ketamin-Xilazin dan Ketamin-Diazepam pada Pelaksanaan Kastrasi Anjing
Hematologic Features of Ketamine-Xylazine and Ketamine-Diazepam Combination Anesthesia for Dog Castration
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Tri Utami(1*)
Laboratorium Klinik, Reproduksi, Patologi dan Nutrisi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang
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Tarsisius Considus Tophianong(2)
Laboratorium Klinik, Reproduksi, Patologi dan Nutrisi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang
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I Gede Semarabawa(3)
Laboratorium Klinik, Reproduksi, Patologi dan Nutrisi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang
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Calvin Lummu Darang(4)
Program Studi Kedokteran Hewan, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Nusa Cendana, Kupang
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
anesthesia, blood, castration, diazepam, ketamine, xylazine
Abstract
Carrying out castration on dogs requires anesthesia to prevent movement and relieve pain during the operation. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of administering two combinations of general anesthesia, ketamine - xylazine and ketamine-diazepam on the blood features of dogs undergoing castration procedures. The dogs used in this study were 6 dogs, domestic breed, male and aged between six months and one year. Blood sampling from the cephalic antebrachii vein of 1 ml was carried out twice, thirty minutes before surgery and sixty minutes after surgery. The average results of post-operative complete blood tests in dogs given ketamine (10 mg/kg body weight, iv) – xylazine (1 mg/kg body weight, iv) anesthesia, include: total erythrocyte count 5.84 x 106/µL, haemoglobin 12.27 g/dL, haematocrit 36.7%, and leukocytes 15.4 x 103/µL. The average results of post-operative complete blood tests in dogs given ketamine (10 mg/kg body weight, iv)–diazepam (0.2 mg/kg body wight, iv) anesthesia, include: total erythrocyte count 5.98 x 106/µL, haemoglobin 11.77 g/dL, haematocrit 36.23%, and leukocytes 16.4 x 103/µL. Based on the results of statistical analysis using the independent t-test, the number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, haematocrit and post-operative leukocytes between the two groups was not significantly different (P>0.05). The use of the combination of ketamine-xylazine and ketamine - diazepam during castration did not cause changes in the number of erythrocytes, haemoglobin, haematocrit and leukocytes.
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References
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Weiss D.J, Wardrop KJ. 2010. Weiss dan Wardrop, 2010’s Veterinary Hematology. 6th Edition. Iowa: Willey – Blackwell Publishing.
Alfi, N., Alfi, N., Reza Ferasyi, T., Rahmi, E., Adam, M., Nasution, I., & Ismail, dan. (2015). Jurnal Medika Veterinaria Prevalence of Behavioural Changes in Male Local Dog (Canis familiaris) Caged Based on Animal Welfare Principles for 60 Days.
Babalola, S., Judith, P., Jeremiah, K., Ndor, C., Njoku, N., & Unamba-Oparah, C. (2021). The Effects of Combination of Subcutaneous Ketamine-Intravenous Xylazine Anaesthesia on Haematology and Serum Biochemistry Parameters in Dogs. 23, 142–146. https://doi.org/10.5829/idosi.gv.2021.142.146.
Bani Ismail, Z., Jawasreh, K., & Al-Majali, A. (2010). Effects of xylazine–ketamine–diazepam anesthesia on blood cell counts and plasma biochemical values in sheep and goats. Comparative Clinical Pathology, 19, 571–574.
Bojrab, M. Joseph., Waldron, D. R., & Toombs, J. P. (2014). Current techniques in small animal surgery (5th ed.). https://www.routledge.com/Current-Techniques-in-Small-Animal-Surgery/Bojrab-Waldron-Toombs/p/book/9781591610359.
Çamkerten, İ., Şındak, N., Özkurt, G., İpek, H., Biricik, S. H., & Şahin, T. (2013). Effect of ketamine-xylazine anesthesia on some hematological and serum biochemical values of Bozova greyhounds.
Carroll, G. L., Hartsfield, S. M., & Hambleton, R. (1997). Anesthetic effects of tiletamine-zolazepam, alone or in combination with butorphanol, in goats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 211(5), 593–597.
Chauhan, A., & Pandey, S. K. (2006). Haemato-Biochemical effects of epidural fentanyl-ketamine combinations in dogs. The Journal of Bombay Veterinary College, 14(1and2), 96–99.
Dar, K. H., Gupta, A. K., Bhadwal, M. S., Gupta, S. K., Gupta, P., Kushwaha, R. B., & Raina, R. (2014). Evaluation of xylazine-diazepam-ketamine anaesthesia in mules: Anaesthetic, haemato-biochemical, and blood gas studies. Indian Journal of Animal Sciences, 84(2), 130–135.
Fossum T.W. 2019. Small Animal Surgery. Fifth Edition. Elsevier. United States of America.
Gaol, R. L., Sudisma, I. G. N., Ardana, I. B. K., & Sudimartini, L. M. (2016). Gambaran Darah Anjing Yang Diinjeksi Xilasin-Ketamin Secara Subkutan. Buletin Veteriner Udayana Volume, 8(1), 99–105.
Grimm, K. A., Lamont, L. A., Tranquilli, W. J., Greene, S. A., & Robertson, S. A. (2015). Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia the Fifth Edition of Lumb and Jones (5th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.
Jena, B., Das, J., Nath, I., Sardar, K. K., Sahoo, A., Beura, S. S., & Painuli, A. (2014). Clinical evaluation of total intravenous anaesthesia using xylazine or dexmedetomidine with propofol in surgical management of canine patients. Veterinary World, 7(9).
Kilic, N. (2008). Cardiopulmonary, biochemical and haematological changes after detomidine-midazolam-ketamine anaesthesia in calves. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy, 52(3), 453–456.
Kiliç, N., & Henke, J. (2004). Comparative studies on the effects of S (+)-ketamine-medetomidine and racemic ketamine-medetomidine in mice. YYÜ Vet Fak Derg, 15, 15–17.
Okwee-Acai, J., Akunu, B., Agwai, B., Ekakoro, E., Sajjakambwe, P., & Acon, J. (2012). An evaluation of stress responses, simplicity and cost of pinhole castration as an alternative technique for male dog sterilization. Research Opinions in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 2(1), 55–59.
Pemayun, I., Sindhu, I., & Wardhita, A. (2018). Waktu Induksi, Durasi, dan Pemulihan Anestesi Ketamin dengan Berbagai Dosis Premedikasi Xilazin secara Subkutan pada Anjing Lokal DOG. Indones Med Veterinus J, 7(6), 652–663.
Rahman, M. S., Akter, M. A., Hasan, M., Haque, M. E., Haque, E., Alam, M. R., & Alam, M. M. (2021). Clinico-hemato-biochemical evaluation of general anesthesia with combination of Xylazine and Ketamine and Ketamine alone in sheep (Ovis aries). Bangladesh Veterinary Journal, 55(1–4), 8–15.
Reynolds, B. S., Geffré, A., Bourgès-Abella, N. H., Vaucoret, S., Mourot, M., Braun, J.-P. D., & Trumel, C. (2012). Effects of intravenous, low-dose ketamine-diazepam sedation on the results of hematologic, plasma biochemical, and coagulation analyses in cats. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 240(3), 287–293.
Rizzi T.E., Meinkoth J.H dan Clinkenbeard K.D. (2010). Normal Hematology of the Dog. In Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 6th Edition. Willey Blackwell. P 799 – 810.
Sadek, S. M., Khatri, S. N., Kipp, Z., Dunn, K. E., Beckmann, J. S., Stoops, W. W., Hinds Jr, T. D., & Gipson, C. D. (2023). Impacts of xylazine on fentanyl demand, body weight, and acute withdrawal in rats: A comparison to lofexidine. Neuropharmacology, 109816.
Thakur, B. P. S., Sharma, S. K., Sharma, A., & Kumar, A. (2011). Clinical evaluation of detomidine-butorphanol-guaifenesin-ketamine as short term TIVA in Spiti ponies. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 14(11), 647.
Thomas, J. A. (John A., & Lerche, P. (2016). Anesthesia and analgesia for veterinary technicians - 5th Edition (5th ed.). https://books.google.com/books/about/Anesthesia_and_Analgesia_for_Veterinary.html?hl=id&id=gxnYCwAAQBAJ
Thomas, J., & Lerche, P. (2016). Anesthesia and Analgesia for Veterinary Technicians-E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences.
Ullah, S., Ali, M., Shuaib, M., Hussain, S., Abbass, Z., & Khan, N. (2017). Effect of xylazine and ketamine on pulse rate, respiratory rate and body temperature in dog. International Journal of Avian and Wildlife Biology, 2(4), 137–139.
Wellington, D., Mikaelian, I., & Singer, L. (2013). Comparison of ketamine–xylazine and ketamine–dexmedetomidine anesthesia and intraperitoneal tolerance in rats. Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science, 52(4), 481–487.
Weiss D.J, Wardrop KJ. 2010. Weiss dan Wardrop, 2010’s Veterinary Hematology. 6th Edition. Iowa: Willey – Blackwell Publishing.
Published
2024-06-19
How to Cite
Utami, T., Tophianong, T., Semarabawa, I., & Darang, C. (2024). Gambaran Hematologi dari Pemberian Anestesi Kombinasi Ketamin-Xilazin dan Ketamin-Diazepam pada Pelaksanaan Kastrasi Anjing. JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER, 12(1), 52-60. https://doi.org/10.35508/jkv.v12i1.15221
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