LONTAR Jurnal Teknik Mesin Undana

Rancang Bangun Alat Pencetak Briket Dengan Sistem Hidrolik

2024-02-01T06:02:36+00:00

Briquettes are an alternative energy source to replace dependence on fossil fuels such as kerosene. However, in the process of making briquettes, there are still obstacles. The printing process still uses traditional methods, and the existing briquette printing equipment is also not equipped with a hydraulic system and pressure gauge, so it requires more printing time. It cannot know how much pressure is applied during printing. A briquette printing machine equipped with a hydraulic system and pressure gauge is needed to simplify the briquette printing process and save energy. The purpose of designing this briquette printing machine is to produce a press machine design with a hydraulic system equipped with a pressure gauge. The design method used in this research is an experiment using the Shigley-Mitchell method. The results of the analysis of the maximum stress of the material for 150 kg pressure on the frame 2,565x107 N/m2, the press cylinder 1,932x106 N/m2, the upper press piston 8,830x102 N/m2, the lower plunger piston 2,392x107 N/m2, and the maximum stress for the loading pressure on the connecting lever 1,433x107 N/m2, the pressing lever 2,873x108 N/m2, the material yield strength value 6,204 x 108 N/m2.

Pengaruh Penggunaan Sistem Sekat Dalam Box Portable Atmospheric Water Generator Terhadap Unjuk Kerja Produksi Air, Efisiensi, COP, Pawg Sistem Alami

2024-02-01T06:04:19+00:00

2.1 billion people can’t have access to water, and 4.5 billion with insufficient sanitation or clean water sources. While water is extremely useful for everyday, such as washing, cooking, bathing etc. So fulfillment of water needs must balanced with increase the addition of population can be fulfilled. this study, was carried out experimentally by testing on 2 variations media, media test with insulation and media test without insulation, at 30 minutes intervals, temperature was measured in box to identify factors affect condensation process at several points. Obtained from research analyze effect using partition system on PAWG indications for water production, efficiency, COP, natural PAWG systems for fresh water production within 24 hours from 2 variations of media and maximum Coefficient of Performance. Water amount production for 24 hour, the variation of media with changes in temperature and good COP is found in variation media with insulation, the highest temperature is 36.750C, the humidity value 66.3% and COP value 0.230769 and amount water production is 16 ml, and temperature change in variation of media without insulation with the highest temperature is 39.50C, humidity is 65.4% with a COP value 0.02 and the amount of water production is 12 ml.

CHARACTERIZATION OF PYROLYSIS OIL PRODUCED FROM POLYPROPYLENE (PP) PLASTIC BASED

2024-02-01T06:05:22+00:00

This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of plastic waste pyrolysis oil and compare it with the characteristics of gasoline. The things studied included the physical and chemical properties of pyrolysis oil. The physical properties studied included viscosity and density, while the chemical properties were the heating value. The research was conducted using Polypropylene (PP) plastic, the reactor used was a single reactor with the reactor temperature set at 300 and 3500C. The results showed that the calorific value of pyrolysis oil was 0.194068464 J – 0.209067264 J, the density was 0.7941 – 0.8083 kg/l and the viscosity was 0.9500151572 cPs - 0.9651967743 cPs.

Studi Eksperimen dan Simulasi Termodinamika Mini Refrigerator

2024-02-01T06:05:57+00:00

Household refrigeration machines (fridges) are household appliances that are widely used in families in Indonesia. However, the use of working fluids still uses this type of working fluid which causes thinning of the ozone layer and global warming. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the effect of evaporation temperature on work coefficient and exergy efficiency by using R600a working fluid as an environmentally friendly fluid. This research uses experimental and simulation methods using Cooltols software. The research results show that increasing the evaporation temperature has an impact on increasing the work coefficient, the heat absorbed by the evaporator but reducing the compressor power, and the heat released by the condenser. The greatest increase in exergy destruction is found in the evaporator, where exergy efficiency increases. So R600a is very suitable for use in refrigerators.

Study of the Effect of Evaporation Temperature on the Performance of the Organic Rankine Cycle Using R245FA and R515A

2024-02-01T06:06:28+00:00

Nowadays, many power plants with the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) have been widely used in the world because they can utilize low temperature heat sources such as industrial waste heat, biomass, geothermal and solar energy. The working fluid for the ORC system must meet several physical property criteria including, environmentally friendly, non-flammable, non-toxic, and non-corrosive. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of evaporation temperature on the energy performance of a standard organic Rankine cycle with a turbine power of 20 kW with working fluids R245fa and R515A. System simulation using Genetron Properties software with the condensation temperature maintained constant at 40oC and the evaporation temperature varied at 70 – 80oC. The results of this study show that increasing the evaporation temperature will greatly increase pumping power consumption but reduce the pressure ratio in the turbine and the thermal efficiency of the system. The pumping power used to circulate R515A is ±2.2 times higher than circulating R245FA but the thermal efficiency is ±9.75% higher.

Analisis Eksperimental Variasi Kecepatan Aliran Udara Panas Pada Proses Pengeringan Ikan Menggunakan Rumah Pengering Tipe UV Solar Dryer

2024-02-01T06:07:28+00:00

Penggunaan energi matahari dinilai sangat menguntungkan karena merupakan sumber energi terbarukan, salah satunya di bidang industri. Teknik pengawetan produk baru adalah dengan menggunakan teknik pengeringan. Pengembangan dan pemanfaatan energi surya perlu lebih diperluas dengan beberapa teknologi diantaranya Solar Air Heater. Pemanas udara surya adalah sejenis pemanas udara surya. Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode eksperimen pengering solar UV domestik untuk penjemuran ikan tembang dengan tambahan penyerapan panas radiasi matahari menggunakan solar air heater system.Dalam konfigurasi ini, udara diambil dari selubung bangunan atau dari lingkungan luar dan melewati pengumpul dimana udara dipanaskan secara konduksi dan konveksi di dalam penyerap. Analisis penelitian ini mengenai kecepatan udara panas yang masuk ke dry house dari solar air heater panel pada variasi kecepatan udara (3,3 m/s, 3,5 m/s, 3,6 m/s) dengan udara keluar dari drying house. (kipas buang) 1,5 m/s (konstan).

Analisis Penurunan Faktor Geometri Pada Pengujian Performa Rotor Turbin Angin Sumbu Horizontal Tipe Propeler Tiga Blade

2024-02-01T06:07:57+00:00

Penurunan faktor skala pengujian ataupun skala geometri pada kondisi laboratorium ini tentu sangat berpengaruh pada performa dari rotor secara signifikan sebagai akibat dari penurunan skala geometri maupun kondisi terowongan angin yang digunakan dalam pengujian. Oleh karena itu dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengujian skala laboratorium terhadap performa turbin angin rotor tunggal melalui penurunan faktor skala geometri rotor turbin. Model blade rotor turbin angin menggunakan seri airfoil S826 yang dikeluarkan oleh NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory), diameter rotor pada skala lapangan (full scale) adalah 0,944 m. Penurunan faktor geometeri rotor turbin dari 30%, 26,5 % dan 25 % menunjukkan presentasi koefisien daya turbin terhadap turbin full scale (D=0,944m) mengalami penurunan. Presentasi penurunan koefisien daya turbin 1 dengan Cp/Cp,full = 8,94 %, dan masing-masing turbin 2 dan turbin 3 adalah 1,74% dan 0,69 %. Sedangkan presentasi penurunan TSR turbin 1 dengan TSR/TSR,full = 72,63%, dan masing-masing turbin 2 dan turbin 3 adalah 32,49 % dan 21,5 %.

Simulasi CFD (Compulational Fluid Dynamics) Turbin Angin Sumbu Horizontal Tipe Propeler Tiga Blade Rotor Ganda Melalui Variasi Geometri

2024-02-01T06:08:46+00:00

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui performa turbin angin sumbu horisontal atau horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) tipe propeler tiga blade rotor ganda kontra rotasi (double rotor counter-rotation) terhadap variasi geometri rotor CRWT menggunakan metode computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Hasil simulasi CFD rotor turbin CRWT dengan penurunan skala geometri menunjukkan turbin cenderung beroperasi pada TSR rendah. Rotor depan turbin CRWT cenderung beroperasi dengan koefisien daya dan TSR yang lebih tinggi dari rotor belakang. Vektor kecepatan aliran pada bidang vertikal arah aksial CRWT juga dikonfirmasi oleh hasil analisis kontur kecepatan aliran dan kontur turbulent kinetic energy terhadap penurunan performa CRWT karena adanya penurunan faktor skala geometri rotor turbin. Vektor kecepatan pada tip blade antara rotor depan dan rotor belakang pada turbin CRWT dengan penurunan skala geometeri (FC = 0,25 dan 0,26 serta 0,3) yang beroperasi di TSR rendah yang arahnya cenderung menguat menuju ke tip blade dengan besaran vektor yang makin kuat di sisi hisap (suction surface) blade rotor belakang. Besaran vektor ini semakin kuat ini dapat membentuk vorteks yang menurunkan performa CRWT.

Pembuatan Komposit Matrik Aluminium Diperkuat Silicon Carbida Dan Rice Husk Ash Dengan Metode Metalurgi Serbuk

2024-02-22T04:04:30+00:00

Brake lining components that contain asbestos are dangerous for human health, so innovation materials environmentally friendly is needed. This research aims to determine the effect of volume fraction and sintering temperature to density and hardness of recycled aluminum matrix composites, reinforced with silicon carbide and rice husk ash using the powder metallurgy method, with varying reinforcement volume fractions 10%, 15%, and 20%. The powder mixing process uses a mechanical alloying method, while the hot compaction process uses a two-way pressing method with a hydraulic pump machine compaction pressure of 6000 PSi. The sintering temperature was varied at 550°C, 580°C, 610°C. Density testing refers to Archimedes' law with the ASTM B 962-17 standard, while hardness testing uses Portable Brinel with the ASTM E110-14 standard. The density and hardness test results show that the value increases with the amount of matrix used. For samples volume fraction 90%, the highest density value is 1.72 g/cm³ and the highest hardness value is 40HB. Based on microstructural analysis, this condition occurs because the relatively low duration of the powder mechanical alloying process has resulted in agglomeration of the reinforcing powder, and the impact interlocking bond becomes lower with increasing reinforcing powder used.

Pengaruh Variasi Media Carburizer terhadap Struktur Micro dan Kekerasan Baja Aisi 1045

2024-02-01T06:11:22+00:00

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of media variations of 90% kusambi charcoal and 10% shellfish, 90% kusambi charcoal and 10% rice husks, and 90% rice husks and 10% shells. Kusambi charcoal 90% and 10% rice husk, 90% rice husk and 10% shellfish. For the microstructure and hardness of steel AISI 1045, the material used in this research is medium carbon steel, the process of making the specimen is done by cutting it into several parts. The cutting is done to make it easier to place the specimens in the carburizing box then 90% kusambi charcoal mixed with 10% shellfish, 90% kusambi charcoal mixed with 10% rice husks, and 90% rice husks mixed with 10% clamshells. The specimens were subjected to a Carburizing treatment at a temperature of 9500C then a Rockwell hardness test and microstructure testing were carried out. From this study, it can be concluded that the highest average hardness value in the mixture of 90% Kusambi charcoal Carburizer and 10% shellfish was obtained at 39.25 HRC and the material hardness without treatment was 17.08 HRC. From the observation of the microstructure, the surface hardening occurs due to carbon diffusion into medium carbon steel

Modifikasi Dinding Bentur Dan Perlakuan Awal Pada Alat Pemecah Kemiri

2024-02-01T06:11:57+00:00

Masalah yang dihadapi para petani adalah pada pemecah cangkang kemiri yang dibuat sebelumnya masih memiliki kekurangan yaitu dari segi produksi, Proses pemecahan biji kemiri biasanya dilakukan oleh masyarakat secara konvensional yaitu menggunakan palu karet, dari prinsip kerjanya secara manual tentu cara ini tidak terlalu efektif dari sisi tenaga dan waktu. Oleh karena itu sudah dirancang mesin pemecah cangkang kemiri secara mekanik, agar proses produksi bisa berlangsung dengan produksinya yang lebih besar. Hal ini perlu di modifikasi dinding bentur dan perlakuan awal pada alat pemecah kemiri sehingga memperoleh hasil yang lebih baik yaitu isi kemiri utuh diharapkan lebih banyak dari isi kemiri yang hancur.

Desain Alat Pirolisis Reaktor Tunggal Untuk Daur Ulang Sampah Plastik

2024-02-01T06:12:38+00:00

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of media variations of 90% kusambi charcoal and 10% Plastic is a component that is difficult to separate from everyday human activities because of the various advantages it has. The more people consume, the more plastic waste they produce. To overcome this, of course, a way is needed to process the plastic waste into things that are more useful and also have benefits for nature, one way is by recycling the plastic waste into fuel, namely fuel in the form of oil. The benefit of this research is to produce fuel oil products from Polypropylene (PP) plastic waste as an alternative energy source by utilizing pyrolysis technology. Pyrolysis is a process for converting Polypropylene (PP) plastic waste into liquid fuel. The end result of this research is in the form of detailed images of the tool, the design of the tool, and the results of the testing process on the tool in the form of data on the quantity of oil in each test

Analisis Kegagalan pada daerah Sekitar Lubang Sambungan Baut pada Komposit Widuri akibat Pembebanan Tarik

2024-02-01T06:13:29+00:00

Serat widuri termasuk salah satu serat alam yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai penguat pada komposit polimer. Pada penelitian kali ini, serat widuri kembali dijadikan penguat pada komposit polimer yang disambung dengan sambungan baut. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengamati dan menganalisis kegagalan pada daerah sekitar lubang sambungan akibat pembebanan tarik yang diberikan pada spesimen. Adapun proses pembuatan komposit dilakukan dengan cara cetak tekan dan selanjurnya specimen dibentuk menurut standar ASTM Dari hasil penelitian dapat diketahui bahwa adanya lubang dapat meningkatkan konsentrasi tegangan yang menyebabkan degradasi kekuatan dan memicu kerusakan selama pengujian. Kerusakan seperti ini biasanya diawali dengan timbulnya retak awal karena matriks retak di sekitar lubang dan menjalar sepanjang luasannya. Dari foto makro kegagalan komposit dapat dilihat bahwa ada 2 jenis kegagalan yang terjadi yaitu net-tension atau tension failure dan juga tear out.