LONTAR Jurnal Teknik Mesin Undana

SIMULASI COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS (CFD) RUMAH PENGERING UMBI PORANG SISTEM HYBIRD MELALUI VARIASI BEBAN

2025-08-13T16:23:07+00:00

Pengeringan produk pertanian khususnya adalah kadar krim dari produk sampai keseimbangan udara tercapai dengan lingkungan atau tingkat kelembaban di mana jamur, serangga dan perusak tidak dapat aktif lagi. Pengeringan merupakan salah satu proses pasca panen yang umum dilakukan pada berbagai produk pertanian yang bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar air bahan sampai pada tingkat yang aman untuk disimpan atau digunakan pada proses lainnya. Proses pengeringan hasil pertanian yang banyak dilakukan oleh petani Indonesia adalah dengan pengeringan. Dengan mensimulasikan distribusi dan pola aliran udara, akan dimungkinkan untuk menentukan desain bangunan beserta penempatan parameternya. Pemanfaatan energi matahari menggunakan plastik ultraviolet.Mengetahui kinerja pengeringan dan distribusi suhu di ruang pengujian melalui pengujian menggunakan umbi porang dan tanpa umbi porang dari hasil simulasi perangkat lunak Gambit 2.4.6 dan Ansys 17.0 : Student Version. Simulasi pola aliran udara panas yang terjadi pada rumah pengering menggunakan model simulasi CFD melalui variasi beban. pada Pengeringan perlu diketahui dengan mensimulasikan Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). Salah satu keuntungan dari analisis CFD, antara lain, memberikan pemahaman yang rinci tentang distribusi aliran panas dan massa, dan mendukung untuk mengubah geometri.

KARAKTERISASI BAJA KARBON ST 37 AKIBAT PACK CARBURIZING ARANG CANGKANG KEMIRI DENGAN KATALISATOR SERBUK KERANG ALE-ALE PANTAI OESAPA KOTA KUPANG

2025-08-13T16:29:12+00:00

This study aims to determine the changes in microstructure and the increase in hardness of low-carbon steel (ST 37) through the pack carburizing process. The method used involves utilizing charcoal derived from candlenut shells as a carbon source and ale-ale shell powder as a catalyst. The experiment was conducted using 10 steel specimens, where 9 specimens underwent pack carburizing treatment with variations in catalyst composition (10%, 20%, and 30% CaCO₃) at a temperature of 900°C with a holding time of 2 hours, followed by a quenching process using 40% saltwater. The results of the study indicate that the pack carburizing treatment successfully increased the surface hardness of the steel significantly and caused a microstructural transformation from ferrite-pearlite in the initial material to martensitic structure on the carburized surface. These findings suggest the potential use of natural materials as an environmentally friendly alternative for carbon media and catalysts to enhance the mechanical properties of low-carbon steel.

PENGUJIAN LEMARI PENGERING KOPRA TIPE KABINET SISTEM HYBRID (SOLAR DRYER PLAT DATAR – HEATER)

2025-08-13T16:08:16+00:00

Along with the development of drying process technology, solar energy is used as an energy source whose availability will never run out and this energy can also be used as alternative energy which will be converted into electrical energy, drying It is hoped that using a solar dryer will be able to produce high quality copra and be a form of saving on electrical energy usage. After testing 3 times using direct heating from a solar energy source and 2 variations of heater heating elements with a power of 110 watts and 260 watts respectively, the most efficient results were obtained, namely in testing using a 100 watt heating element on the second day. During the 4 hours of testing, the water content value that came out of the coconut meat reached 22.49% compared to testing on the first and third days. This is caused by changes in environmental temperature (Tl) and environmental humidity (Hl) which affect the temperature conditions in the equipment drying room. For testing using 260 watts of power, the results were not efficient because it has very high power so that the energy stored in the battery cannot work during the 4 hours of drying time.

The MINI REVIEW: MACROALGAE-BASED BIOETHANOL PREPARATION

2025-08-13T16:17:02+00:00

In the face of serious impacts of greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels, biofuels especially bioethanol are emerging as a promising alternative. This article highlights the potential of macroalgae as bioethanol feedstock due to its advantages of abundant availability, rapid growth and high carbohydrate content. The bioethanol production process from macroalgae includes pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation and distillation stages. Pre treatment aims to increase the accessibility of cellulose, hydrolysis converts cellulose into glucose which is then fermented into bioethanol by microorganisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Macroalgae shows very high bioethanol yield compared to other feedstocks making it a sustainable option that does not compete with food production. Bioethanol from macroalgae can be used as transportation fuel, feedstock for chemical industry as well as fuel additive. The use of bioethanol contributes to the reduction of dependence on fossil fuels and supports a more sustainable industry.

Mechanical Testing of Palm Fiber Pretreatment NaOH With Polyester Matrix Material

2025-08-13T16:48:01+00:00

In this increasingly developing era, the manufacturing industry is experiencing very rapid development. The need for materials in this field is also increasing. Materials with certain characteristics such as strength, toughness, and other mechanical properties according to needs are highly sought after. Composite is a material formed from a combination of two or more constituent materials through a non-homogeneous mixture, where the mechanical properties of each constituent material are different, the use of composite materials properly and efficiently requires extensive knowledge of their mechanical properties. While the use of ijuk is still limited to household needs, even exported in raw material conditions, therefore the use of ijuk as a basic material for composites is a new hope for utilizing ijuk into a commodity that has higher added value. The results of the study on the Testing of Ijuk Fiber Mechanics Pre Treatmeat Naoh With Polyester Matrix Material concluded that concentration affects the bending strength of 9.44 N / mm2 and deflection of 37.94 mm of ijuk fiber with the best results at a concentration with a soaking time of 60 minutes.

DESAIN ALAT PEMBERSIH PANEL SURYA OTOMATIS

2025-08-14T15:51:23+00:00

Solar energy is one type of energy utilized, especially for solar panels. Solar panels can convert solar energy into electrical energy. Solar panels, as an alternative source of electrical energy, can be utilized by people who need electrical energy. This research aims to determine the output power produced by solar panels that have not been cleaned and have been cleaned using an automatic solar panel cleaning tool from the difference in motor rotation variations, namely 11 rpm, 27 rpm, and 330 rpm. This research shows that the output power of solar panels that have yet to be cleaned on the first day produces a power of 56.3.

In contrast, the output power of solar panels that have been cleaned produces a power of 103.1, and on the second day, the output power produced by solar panels that have not been cleaned. Cleaned was 71.3, and the power of solar panels that had been cleaned produced a power of 97.1. Then, on the third day, the power produced by solar panels that had not been cleaned was 65.5, and the power of solar panels that had been cleaned produced power of 78,6.

PERANCANGAN SISTEM INSTALASI PERPIPAAN IRIGASI PADA LAHAN BUDIDAYA TANAMAN HOLTIKULTURA

2025-08-14T15:49:45+00:00

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk perancangan sistem instalasi perpipaan irigasi tetes pada lahan pertanian budidaya tanaman hortikultura yang dilakukan pada lahan terbuka dengan ukuran 40x80 meter dengan Sumber air untuk penyiraman tanaman holtikutura pada lahan terbuka adalah bak penampung air dengan ukuran 12x8 meter. tujuan penelitian adalah untuk merancang sistem instalasi perpipaan pada jaringan irigasi tetes pada lahan pertanian budidaya tanaman hortikultura. Perancangna ini mengunakan metode perancangan, Metode perancangan dibutuhkan untuk memudahkan perancang untuk merancang dan mengembangkan rancangan. Tahapan-tahapan pada metode rancangan mulai dari pencarian ide rancangan kemudian mencari permasalahan dan tujuan dari rancangan itu. Perancangan system irigasi tetes ini menggunakan dua mode operasi yaitu system tower dan system pompa. System tower memompa air dari bak penampung ke tower kemudian di teruskan ke system jaringan secara bergilir ke masing-masing Jalur A, Jalur B dan Jalur C. Dari hasil analisis yang diperoleh untuk kebutuhan daya dengan menggunakan system tower yaitu 112,5025 W, Sedangkan system pompa tanpa melalui tower yang dapat dioperasikan secara bersamaan kesemua jalur maupun secara terpisah ke Jalur A , Jalur B dan Jalur C. Dari hasil analisis diperoleh kebutuhan daya pompa adalah 350 W Dengan total head 22 m.

PERANCANGAN ALAT UJI FENOMENA ALIRAN PIPA SKALA LABORATORIUM

2025-08-14T16:01:08+00:00

ABSTRAK

Praktikum merupakan bagian penting dari proses pembelajaran pendidikan tinggi bidang teknik (engineering). Praktikum bertujuan mengasah keterampilan dan memuaskan rasa ingin tahu mahasiswa, serta tempat untuk membuktikan kebenaran teori yang telah diterima mahasiswa. Jika tersedia, maka harganya relatif mahal, sehingga diperlukan upaya untuk merancang alat praktikum pengujian kerugian tekanan aliran udara dalam pipa dengan harga terjangkau dan memenuhi persyaratan. Karena ketersediaan alat yang belum ada dijurusan teknik mesin menjadi alasan utama penulis untuk melakukan penelitian ini agar kedepannya alat ini dapat digunakan sebagai media praktikum bagi mahasiswa yang membutuhkannya. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian nilai kecepatan aliran pada Pompa paralel dengan variasi bukaan katub yang dilakukan antara lain 30°, 60°, 90° didapatkan hasil dari setiap bukaan katub untuk head 30° = 47.4 m/s , 60° = 54.8 m/s, 90° =55.4 m/s. sedangkan untuk Pompa seri dengan variasi bukaan katub yang dilakukan antara lain 30°, 60°, 90° didapatkan hasil dari setiap bukaan katub untuk head 30° = 32.2 m/s, 60° = 34.8 m/s, 90° =55.4 m/s dan untuk Pompa tunggal dengan variasi bukaan katub yang dilakukan antara lain 30°, 60°, 90° didapatkan hasil dari setiap bukaan katub untuk head 30° = 31.0 m/s, 60° = 31.6 m/s, 90° = 32.2 m/s.

PENGARUH WAKTU DAN TEMPERATUR HIDROTERMAL TERHADAP HASIL UJI XRD HIDROKSIAPATIT DARI CANGKANG KERANG ALE-ALE

2025-08-14T16:07:18+00:00

This study aims to analyze the changes in chemical composition and phase of ale-ale shells through X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) tests with variations in temperature and oven time. Ale-ale shell samples obtained from Oesapa Beach, Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, were processed through the preparation, heating, and characterization stages using XRD. Testing was carried out at temperatures of 500°C and 700°C with variations in heating time of 2, 4, and 6 hours. The results of the XRD test showed phase changes in samples heated at a temperature of 500°C, where in samples with a time of 6 hours decomposition occurred into CaO with a purity level of 53.4%. At a temperature of 700°C, samples heated for 2 hours showed a purity of 53.3%, and at 6 hours the purity reached 48.2%. All samples showed diffraction peaks indicating 100% calcite content. These results provide an understanding of the changes in the crystal structure and purity of ale-ale shell material, which can be used in biomaterial applications, especially for bone graft materials.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF A ½ HP ELECTRIC MOTOR DRIVEN FISH MEAT SHREDDER MACHINE USING ALUMINUM FOR SMEs

2025-08-14T16:13:19+00:00

Tesis ini bertujuan untuk merancang dan membangun mesin pencacah daging ikan dengan menggunakan teknik manufaktur yang efisien. Tujuan utama dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menghasilkan mesin pencacah daging ikan yang efektif, efisien dan mudah digunakan dalam pengolahan daging ikan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian eksperimental dengan tahapan perancangan mesin, pembuatan prototipe, pengujian dan evaluasi. Perancangan mesin ini dilakukan dengan mempertimbangkan faktor ergonomi, keamanan dan efisiensi produksi. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa mesin pencacah daging ikan yang dirancang memiliki efisiensi tinggi dan dapat menghasilkan daging ikan yang bersih dan berkualitas tinggi. Mesin ini juga mudah dioperasikan dan dirawat.

Kesimpulannya, mesin pencacah daging ikan yang dirancang dengan menggunakan teknik produksi yang efisien dapat meningkatkan produktivitas dalam pengolahan daging ikan. Mesin ini dapat digunakan oleh usaha kecil dan menengah untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas produksi mereka.

Kata kunci: Mesin pencacah ikan

Design and Build an Emergency Changer Station at Panmuti Beach, Noelbaki Village

2025-08-14T16:18:36+00:00

This research focuses on the design and construction of a solar-based Emergency Charger Station at Panmuti Beach, Noelbaki Village, to meet the power needs of tourists who experience limited access to electricity. This system is designed with two monocrystalline solar panels with a maximum power of 50 WP connected in parallel, producing a total power of 100 W with a voltage of 17.2 V. The design includes measuring the intensity of solar radiation, calculating the power of the solar panels, the capacity of the Solar Charge Controller (SCC), and battery capacity. The battery with a total capacity of 36 Ah at 12 V allows daily energy storage of 800 Wh at an optimal sunlight intensity of 8 hours per day. Test results show that this system is effective in providing power to tourists' cellphones, although its efficiency is limited due to limited battery capacity. It is recommended to increase battery capacity and consider adding solar panels to increase the efficiency and sustainability of power supply at this tourist location.

OPTIMIZATION OF CASTING CELLING MACHINE WITH AUTOMATIC RAW MATERIAL DRIVING MECHANISM

2025-08-14T16:25:46+00:00

ABSTRACT

Cassava is one of the agricultural commodities spread across most parts of Indonesia, especially in the province of NTT. The abundant potential makes cassava a staple food for the people of East Nusa Tenggara. UD. ML is a company that produces and markets cassava chips to meet the needs of the people of Kupang and its surroundings. During the cassava chips production process, the tools used are still using manual choppers with human power, so that it can cause defective products to be produced, such as errors in cutting that are not too thin or thick and the pieces are destroyed because they are too thin and worker fatigue when chopping cassava . The research method used in this study is the experimental method, observation and literature study. From the test results, it was found that the chopping capacity at blade setting A was 660 grams, knife B was 740 grams, and knife C was 800 grams, with a thickness of 1-3mm.

The Effect of High Variation of Passive Solar Distillation Cover Collector on Distillate Productivity

2025-08-14T16:33:15+00:00

Clean water is a vital resource that is increasingly difficult to obtain in many regions of the world, including Indonesia, which faces significant challenges in providing clean water. Passive solar desalination is an efficient alternative method to convert seawater into fresh water by utilizing solar energy. This study aims to analyze the effect of varying cover collector heights on distillate productivity in passive solar desalination, using charcoal as an energy-absorbing material. The varied cover collector heights used were 30 cm, 45 cm, and 55 cm. The results of the study show that the smaller the distance between the seawater surface and the cover collector, the higher the distillate productivity. Basin 1 (30 cm) produced the highest distillate (120 ml), followed by Basin 2 (45 cm) with 94 ml, and Basin 3 (55 cm) with 60 ml. This indicates that a smaller gap between the cover collector and the seawater surface increases the evaporation and condensation rates, contributing to higher distillate productivity.