LONTAR Jurnal Teknik Mesin Undana

Pengaruh Penambahan Phasa Change Material (PCM) Terhadap Sistem Penyimpanan Energi Termal Baterai Pasir

YARDESH AOETPAH, Matheus M. Dwinanto, Verdy A. Koehuan — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The thermal energy storage system through sand media is one of the energy storage solutions that has great potential to be developed to meet energy needs. PCM is a type of latent heat storage that has been developed as a good thermal energy storage material. The purpose of this study was to analyze the efficiency of thermal energy storage in sand media equipped with phase change material (PCM) stored in a drum container as a sand battery. The results of this study indicate that the use of sand batteries without PCM tends to be low at the beginning of the heating time by the heater element and increases at the end of the heating time. The use of PCM where the PCM changes phase from solid to liquid tends to absorb higher heat than media without PCM so that efficiency increases and tends to be stable until the heat release process is also longer than media without PCM. While in media without PCM, there tends to be a slower increase in thermal efficiency and a shorter time for the heat release process than media with

Analisis Kualitas Bahan Bakar Marine Fuel Oil (MFO) Hasil Separasi pada Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Diesel PT. Cogindo Daya Bersama – Kupang NTT

Filisianus Lende, Ishak S. Limbong, Wenseslaus Bunganaen — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Analysis of the quality of marine fuel oil (MFO) from the separation process at the diesel power plant of PT. Cogindo DayaBersama Tenau is needed to increase the calorific value of the MFO. Tests were conducted using a bomb calorimeter to calculate the energy capacity value, a centrifuge to determine the sediment volume, and observations made using a microscope to investigate the particles in the MFO. The test results (using a bomb calorimeter) showed that the energy value of the MFO that had not been separated and that had been separated was 7,776 cal/g and 8,298 cal/g (6.71% greater). The test results (using a centrifuge) also showed that the average sediment volume value of the MFO fuel that had not been separated and that had been separated was 6,273 cm³ (96.67% sediment) and 0.216 cm³ (3.33% sediment). Microscope observations showed that separated MFO was superior to unseparated MFO, as it contained more particles than unseparated MFO. These results indicate that the MFO separation process at PT Cogindo Daya Bersama has been carried out effectively

Alat Penggorengan Abon Ikan Berpenggerak Motor Listrik 200 Watt

Yohanes T. Luluk, Ishak S. Limbong, Jack C.A. Pah, Murni Pallawagau — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Fisheries play a crucial role in the Indonesian economy, particularly for fishermen and coastal communities. However, fishery products such as fish floss have problems in the frying process, which requires continuous human power to stir. This research aims to design and develop a fish floss frying device powered by an electric motor with a driving power of 200 W. This tool is expected to facilitate the fish floss frying process, reduce the energy expended by the fish floss maker, and increase the efficiency of the production process. This research uses data collection methods, tool design, and tool testing. Autodesk Inventor software was used in the design stage to design the tool frame, stirrer, and pan holder. This tool includes an electric motor, gearbox, pulley, V-belt, and frying pan. Then, the tool was made using a hollow iron box, a stainless-steel pipe, and wood. This research yields a fish floss fryer equipped with an electric motor, capable of frying fish floss with a capacity of up to 3 kg. This tool can help ease the work of frying fish floss, save labour, and increase production efficiency. With a driving power of 200 W, this tool can produce good-quality fish floss

Analisa Hidrolis Sistem Irigasi Pertanian

Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The objective of research is to assess the uniformity of pressure and the effectiveness of water distribution among the irrigation nodes. The study models drip and sprinkler irrigation networks in an 11,500 m² agricultural field using a hydraulic modeling technique using EPANET 2.2 software. The number of non-flow nodes in each simulated area, the minimum-maximum discharge, and the average pressure are the primary parameters that are examined. The findings demonstrate that branch diameter, pipe length, and pipe network layout all have a substantial impact on flow rate and pressure distribution. While locations with longer pipe segments encounter pressure drops of up to 5–7 mH₂O at the downstream portion, areas with homogeneous pressure (8–10 mH₂O) demonstrate more steady and effective water distribution performance. It was discovered that the main causes of system efficiency reduction were frictional energy losses and small losses. To increase pressure uniformity, pump energy efficiency, and overall irrigation system reliability, technical suggestions are made to install pressure regulator valves (PRV), optimize pipe diameter, and conduct zoning operations.

Automatic Feeder Machine with Water Filter System Untuk Budidaya Ikan Nila

Golden R. Modok, Ishak S. Limbong, Verdy A. Koehuan, Murni Pallawagau — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The fisheries sector is one of the key drivers of the Indonesian economy. One type of fish that is widely cultivated is tilapia. The market demand for tilapia is increasing annually. However, in general, tilapia farmers still employ conventional methods in fish farming, such as feeding fish and maintaining pond cleanliness. Of course, this method is more tiring and requires a lot of time. The purpose of this study is to design an automatic feeder equipped with a filter system to control fish feeding, in conjunction with a water purification system for fish ponds. The study was conducted by building an automatic feeder machine for automatic feeding and an automatic filter to control the quality of water clarity in the pond. From the test results, the amount of feed dispensed by the automatic feeder in 30 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds, and 60 seconds was 142.2 g, 189.9 g, 231.8 g, and 269.2 g, respectively. The throwing distance and distribution of feed were 3 m and 70 °. The proximity sensor is used to control the availability of feed in the storage tube, providing a warning if the amount of feed is less than the minimum limit. The filter system automatically operates when the water turbidity exceeds 40 NTU

Sistem Otomasi Pengendali pH Dan Oksigen Untuk Kolam Budidaya Ikan

Liberatus Liem, Ishak S. Limbong, Ben V Tarigan, Murni Pallawagau — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In the development of fisheries, especially in tilapia cultivation, promising prospects have emerged with high market demand. However, fish farming still tends to use conventional methods that pay little attention to water quality. This deficiency can cause serious problems for fish health and quality, potentially detrimental to cultivation activities. To optimize fish growth, pH and dissolved oxygen control are necessary. This study created a microcontroller-based automation system to control pH (5-8.5) and dissolved oxygen (> 5 mg/L) in tilapia ponds. Field testing showed that the pH and dissolved oxygen sensors have low error rates of 5.07% and 4.80%, respectively. Laboratory testing showed that the system worked successfully with relative error percentage values of pH and DO testing of 5.71% and 20% of the setpoint.

Perhitungan Umur Pakai Lapisan Teflon pada Permukaan Prototype Alat Masak dari Ketahanan Aus Terhadap Gesekan Sutil

Alam Prasetya Bayu Aji (Penulis); Suyitno Suyitno, Fuad y Hilm — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Teflon-coated cookware is a disposable product because its use involves an inevitable physical destruction process. The wear and tear of the glaze during the cooking process is one of the physical destruction processes that cause damage to the teflon coating. The time until the occurrence of damage to the teflon coating due to wear from the friction of the utensil can be used to calculate the service life of the teflon coating. This study uses the Weibull distribution method to calculate the service life of the teflon coating on the cookware prototype, with the calculation results showing an expected lifespan of about 20,335.5 friction with a reliability level of 47%. The results of these calculations are a description of the specifications of the service life of the Teflon coating on the cookware prototype that will be used in household kitchens.

ANALYSIS OF FUEL OIL PRODUCED BY PYROLYSIS OF PP (POLYPROPYLENE) TYPE PLASTIC WASTE ON THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PRODUCED OIL

Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to determine the density and viscosity of oil resulting from pyrolysis of plastic waste and to find out the relationship between density and viscosity of the pyrolysis oil produced. This research was carried out using polypropylene (PP) plastic, with the reactor used being a single reactor with the reactor temperature set at 200c and 250c. The results of the research show that the density is 0.751 – 0.773 kg/l, the viscosity is 0.574822548 – 0.841376288 cPs, where during the research carried out density and viscosity have an interrelated relationship. Changes in pyrolysis temperature can significantly affect the viscosity and density of pyrolysis oil, besides that, different research times and materials can influence the results of the pyrolysis process.

ANALISIS FASA KRISTALIN PADA TULANG SAPI TIMOR DENGAN VARIASI WAKTU DAN TEMPERATUR PEMANASAN DENGAN PENGUJIAN XRD

raymundus rheymon soko, Erich U. K. Maliwemu, Dominggus G. H. Adoe — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The aim of this research is to identify the crystalline phase of Timor cattle bone powder and characterize it using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) testing. This research uses a method of analyzing the results of XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) of Timor beef bones with variations in heating time and temperature. After the beef bones have been ground, the sample is oven-treated for 1 and 2 hours at a temperature of 100⁰C, then 5 grams of the sample is taken for testing using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction). The research results show that a 1 hour time variation at a temperature of 100 0C has a purity level of 84.07% with a diameter of 32.81 mm, and a crystallinity of 85.1%. And a time variation of 2 hours at a temperature of 1000C has a purity level of 76.68% with a diameter of 31.97 nm, and a crystallinity of 98.0%.

RANCANG BANGUN MESIN MIXER PUPUK ORGANIK

Yosua Guntur silambi, Daud P. Mangesa, Yeremias M. Pell — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Organic fertilizers are fertilizers composed of living matter, such as weathering of animal and human plant residues. Organic fertilizers have more organic matter than nutrient content. Organic fertilizers have the advantage of being environmentally friendly, providing nutrients and macro elements for plants, functioning as soil dividers, improving soil structure, improving soil pore size which in turn makes water holding capacity and soil aeration better. Raw materials that can be used in making organic fertilizers include animal manure, rice husks, soil and charcoal. making organic fertilizer is a very heavy job and requires a long time to produce organic fertilizer until it is ready to use if done manually. This is what encourages research to increase the author's knowledge in the research “DRY ORGANIC PUPUK MIXER MACHINE DESIGN” in order to help make it easier to produce organic fertilizer in the next two decades

Studi Eksperimen Matriks Dan Fiber Komposit Sebagai Material Bodi Remote Control Boat

Andik Budiono; Ira Kusumaningrum, Mualifi Usman (Penulis) — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research aims to evaluate the performance of composite materials made from woven cloth, fiberglass and banana fronds in making Remote Control Boat bodies. As the need for fast ships and performance efficiency increases, selecting light and tough materials becomes the main key in ship hull design. The research was carried out experimentally with a toughness testing method (impact test) using the ASTM D256 standard. The independent variables used include fiber type (woven cloth, fiberglass, and banana fronds), resin type (epoxy and polyester) with a 3×2×3 factorial design and three repetitions. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of alternative materials in the small-scale shipping industry and become a reference in the use of natural fibers as composite reinforcing materials.

Evaluasi Penerapan Kesehatan Dan Keselamatan Kerja Di Bengkel Teknologi Mekanik Jurusan Teknik Mesin Politeknik Negeri Kupang Dengan Metode HIRADC

Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

HIRADC (identification, hazard analysis, and risk control) is the application of controls used to systematically review processes or operations in a system. This research using HIRADC method, summarized in the form of transcripts, analyzed using research forms and risk assessment matrices to identify the hazards levels present in the mechanical technology workshop/laboratory, measurements taken to prevent accidents. Based on the interview results, it was found one accident. The questionnaire results showed the majority of respondents had a positive perception of safety and service quality, Over 70% stating that it was safe and of good quality. However, the frequency of service use was relatively low, with over 50% of respondents stating they had never used the service. Identification and evaluation revealed 1 High Risk, 6 Moderate Risks, and 1 Low Risk. Based on these results, they were categorized as 75% physical and 25% chemical. In addition to the results of technical, administrative, and PPE controls, the steps presented in this study include control measures and preventive actions that can be implemented to improve OSH aspects in the laboratory. Thus, workshop/laboratory managers can develop strategies to reduce risks and enhance user safety.

HEAT TREATMENT PADA MATA PISAU ALAT PENGHANCUR ARANG BIOMASA UNTUK MENINGKATKAN NILAI KEKERASAAN DENGAN VARIASI TEMPERATUR

Agustinus Otu, Jack C.A. Pah, Jahirwan Ut Jasron — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

. This is evidenced by the large use of steel in various machine components, work materials and building construction, both in the form of plates, sheets, pipes and so on. Damage that often occurs in the application of ST 41 steel is wear. Wear occurs due to the influence of external forces in the form of friction and is the most dominant factor in damage to the function of machinery. As a result, the service life and performance of various machine components are reduced and indirectly will increase maintenance costs. The public demand for this metal hardening technology is increasing, so researchers have tried to apply knowledge about metal hardening to knives with low carbon steel materials. Heat treatment aims to increase ductility.. This study shows that Heat Treatment with different temperatures and different cooling media can significantly affect the hardness of low carbon steel. The results of the study showed that the highest hardness of low carbon steel was obtained at a temperature of 950°C with oil cooling media, which was 44.30 HRC.

Analisis Kinerja Mesin Drum Cleaner Dalam Proses Manajemen Bahan Baku Jagung di PT. Sidoagung Farm Magelang

Muhamad Jafri, Yohanes Babtista Rojerio Tenis, Kristomus Boimau, Adi Y. Tobe — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

PT. Sidoagung Farm Magelang merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang produksi pakan ternak dengan bahan baku utama jagung. Salah satu tahapan penting dalam pengelolaan bahan baku jagung adalah proses pembersihan menggunakan drum cleaner. Efektivitas dan efisiensi drum cleaner dalam proses ini dapat memberikan dampak yang signifikan terhadap kualitas akhir pakan ternak. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pengumpulan data, pengukuran kinerja, dan analisis data. Parameter yang diukur meliputi kapasitas proses, persentase kebersihan jagung, efisiensi pembersihan, persentase downtime, dan availability. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa drum cleaner memiliki kinerja yang baik dalam membersihkan bahan baku jagung untuk produksi pakan ternak, dengan kapasitas produksi sebesar 38.20674 ton/jam, persentase kebersihan sebesar 99,816%, nilai efisiensi pembersihan sebesar 0,184%, downtime sebesar 13,79%, dan availability sebesar 86,21%. Mesin ini handal dalam membersihkan bahan baku jagung untuk produksi pakan ternak. Namun, faktor-faktor seperti kecepatan putaran drum, kondisi jagung sebelum dibersihkan (termasuk kadar air dan tingkat kotoran), dan desain lubang drum memengaruhi kinerja pembersihan drum.

Design and Validation of a Simple Brinell Hardness Tester Using a Bottle Jack

Nurul Jamalulail, Ari Supriyanto, wisnu fajar pratama, Adri Fato — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Penelitian ini membahas perancangan, pembuatan, dan validasi alat uji kekerasan Brinell sederhana dengan menggunakan dongkrak botol hidrolik sebagai beban utama. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan alat uji yang lebih ekonomis, mudah dibuat, dan praktis untuk keperluan pendidikan dan praktik di Universitas Dian Nusantara. Proses penelitian meliputi perancangan menggunakan perangkat lunak Autodesk Inventor 2021, pembuatan komponen utama, dan validasi alat. Material utama yang digunakan untuk rangka antara lain baja UNP, IWF, pelat baja A36, dan baja S45C. Hasil validasi menunjukkan bahwa rangka mampu menahan beban hingga 3000 kgf tanpa mengalami deformasi yang berarti dengan toleransi yang dapat diterima. Pengujian menggunakan material aluminium 5052 menghasilkan indentasi yang konsisten sebesar 7,1 mm, sesuai dengan standar kekerasan 60-65 HB. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa alat yang dirancang memiliki akurasi yang cukup untuk digunakan sebagai alat pembelajaran dan praktik.

The Effect The Effect of Fiber Orientation on the Compressive Strength of Palm Fruit Fiber Composite Beams

Marsianus mario fredirikus hanmina, Yeremias M. Pell — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The demand for wood for construction continues to increase, while the supply of quality wood is decreasing. Therefore, a new alternative is needed to replace wood, one of which is by utilizing palm fruit fiber as a basic material for making composite wood as a new material to replace wood. This study uses an experimental testing method where the composite beams that have been molded by hand lay-up press with polyester resin reinforced with palm fruit fiber that has been treated with 5% alkali for 2 hours, and a fiber volume fraction of 35%. The variations in fiber orientation tested include parallel and perpendicular fibers. The compressive strength test specimens were made according to the ASTM D695-02a standard and tested using a compressive strength testing machine. The test results showed that the composite beam with parallel fibers had the highest average compressive strength and tension, namely 13,851.72 MPa and 42.94 MPa, while the perpendicular fiber orientation produced the lowest value. The highest strain was obtained in the composite with parallel fiber orientation, namely 0.16. While the highest modulus of elasticity was obtained in the composite beam with perpendicular fiber orientation, namely 432.38.