JURNAL AGRISA

PROTEIN COARSE FIBER FAT CONTENT TEXTURE OF LOCAL CORN MARNING SILLU VILLAGE, KUPANG DISTRICT WITH THE INTERACTION FACTORS OF Ca (OH)2 CONCENTRATION AND SOATING LENGTH DRIED CORN SEEDS

Zainal Abidin, Titik Sri Harini — Sat, 16 Dec 2023 05:47:45 +0000

The aim of the research was to determine the levels of protein, fiber, fat and corn marning texture given the interaction of lime concentration and soaking time. The problems with processed dried shelled corn products such as marning, emping, corn tortilla chips are that the texture is not crispy, less fluffy, relative nutritional components do not comply with SNI, the taste of the product is less varied and consumers don't like it so marketing is limited. The hard and less fluffy texture of corn kernels is caused by the complex network of starch and starch-protein complexes forming a hard matrix, so the right solution is needed. Several studies were carried out but the results were not optimal because the lime concentration, boiling time and soaking time were not correct, so research was needed to loosen the chemical bonds between starch complex compounds and hard starch-protein complexes by entering high-temperature lime water, which would result in cross-linking with ions. Calcium ions (Ca²⁺), the network is more open and tense which cannot be reversed during drying and frying so that the complex compound matrix network expands, giving crispiness to the product. This research is a factorial study of 2 factors: lime concentration and soaking time with 6 treatment interactions: A1B1, A1B2, A1B3, A2B1, A2B2, A2B3. The replication was 3 times so there were 18 experimental units. The research results show that lime concentration and boiling time influence the chemical and physical properties and marning of corn. Local corn marning meets the Quality Standards for Marning Corn according to SNI 01-4300-1996 in terms of texture and chemical properties of corn marning. The best treatment A1B3 for protein content is 8.729%; the best treatment A1B1 for fat content is 13,814%; The best treatment A1B3 for fiber content is 12.998%. The best treatment A1B1 for the physical properties of local corn marning with a texture value of 1580,500 mm/g.sec.

INVASIVE SPECIES Leptocybe invasa FISHER & LA SALLE AND Ophelimus maskelli (ASMEAD) AND THEIR CONTROL EFFORTS ON AMPUPU STANDS IN TIMOR ISLAND

Johanes Umbu Rebu Iburuni, Ni Luh Putu Ravi Cakswindryandani, Ryan P I Nalle — Sat, 16 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Ampupu (Eucalyptus urophylla S.T Blake) is a key component of the semi-arid savanna forest found abundantly in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). The purpose of this article is to explore the potential of invasive pests, Leptocybe invasa Fisher & La Salle and Ophemelinus maskelli (Asmead) as well as the available control efforts based on limited journal literature. Currently, Leptocybe invasa and Ophelimus maskelli are significant pests affecting eucalyptus plants. Control efforts can be implemented by harnessing the potential of natural enemies, such as parasitoids, and enforcing quarantine measures in regions where Eucalyptus spp. is distributed.

Keywords : Ampupu, Leptocybe invasa, Ophemelinus maskelli , eucalyptus

DEVELOPMENT OF INSECT IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY FROM ERA TO ERA

Gusti Indriati, Purnama Hidayat — Sat, 16 Dec 2023 06:16:50 +0000

Insect classification is carried out using various identification techniques, namely conventional and modern. Accurate identification techniques for insect species are an important key in determining effective pest control measures. Insect classification and insect identification methods are interrelated because proper classification is a necessary basis for effective identification methods. The development of insect classification based on time is divided into several stages, namely: Pre-Linnean Era, Linnean Era, Darwinian Era, and Hennigian Era. The traditional method of identifying pest insects is done manually to recognize and classify pest insects based on morphological, anatomical and other characteristics. Although this method tends to be slower and requires a high degree of manual skill, it remains an important basis for taxonomy. Rapid progress in the world of research requires increased quality and speed of time, thus requiring modern and up-to-date insect identification methods such as Next-Generation Squencing (NGS), DNA Barcoding, Computer Vision, Mobile Apps and Citizen Science, and Micro CT Scanning. Supporting the implementation of modern technology requires software development, specialized equipment, and careful validation to ensure accuracy and efficiency as well as human resources. A combination of advanced technology and traditional methods may be the most effective approach in insect taxonomy identification.

STUDY ON POSTHARVEST HANDLING OF ROBUSTA COFFEE IN ALOR REGENCY

Herianus JD Lalel, Ni Luh Putu Ravi Cakswindryandani, Zainal Abidin — Sat, 16 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Robusta coffee is interesting to many people because of its flavor and it has a good price. Postharvest handling of the commodity plays an important role in its quality. A research has been conducted at Alor Regency to study how the postharvest handling applied to the robusta coffee planted in this area. The research was done through the survey method using purposive sampling. The farmer who has robusta coffee plants ≥ 1 ha will be selected, followed by descriptive observation. There is only one farmer who stays at Mainang village that meets the criteria. Postharvest handling of robusta coffee in Mainang village includes harvesting, sun drying, and removing the husk. Harvesting occurs from June to August. In the average of harvested beans, green beans are counted for 7.22%, 11.75% of orange beans, 62.79% of red beans, and 18.24% of blackish-red beans. Sun drying is undergone for 7 to 12 hours. Removing the husk of the beans uses wood mortar followed by shaking. All these processes resulted in 85.28% of clean whole beans, 8.99% of half-broken beans, and 5.72 of full-broken beans. Even though there is a high percentage of whole beans, the result still does not meet SNI standard for coffee beans. Therefore, the postharvest handling for robusta coffee beans in Alor needs to be improved.

EXPLORATION OF INDIGENOUS PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING BACTERIA AT AGRICULTURAL LAND AND COASTAL ECOSYSTEMS IN KUPANG DISTRICT

Immanuela S. Baloc, Lily F. Ishaq, Anthonius S. J. Adu Tae, Diana Serangmo — Sat, 16 Dec 2023 07:27:51 +0000

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for plants. Most of the P in the soil is fixed to soil minerals resulting in insolubility and unavailability of the nutrient to plants. One alternative to overcome this problem is the use of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB). This research was carried out in the Plant Disease Laboratory and Soil Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Nusa Cendana University from September 2022 to March 2023. The aims of this research were to investigate the occurrence and diversity of PSB isolates collected from the soil of agricultural land coastal ecosystems Kupang, and to determine their ability to solubilize P. At each ecosystem, five soil samples were taken from the rhizosphere of different plants growing in that ecosystem for PSB isolation and soil analysis. Isolation of PSB was based on pour plate method. The growing isolates were purified, calculated for the PSI and then characterized both macroscopically and microscopically. For morphology characterization of PSB (gram properties and cell shape) gram staining techniques was applied. The results showed that a number of PSB isolates, characterized by the formation of clear zone around the colony of bacteria, was obtained from the rhizosphere of plants from the coastal and agricultural land ecosystems accounted for 16 and 9 isolates respectively. The isolates obtained differed in the morphological characteristics and phosphate solubilizing index (PSI) with the PSI value ranged 2.25- 3 for isolates from agricultural land, and 2,14- 4 for isolates from coastal ecosystem. In the future, the isolates obtained from this study need to be further identified and introduced to plants to evaluate their ability to improve plant acquisition of phosphorus.

AMELIORATION OF WHASED RICE WATER AND CHICKEN EGG SHELLS ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF CAYANNE PEPPER (Capsicum frustescens L.)

Tue, 19 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

Management of household waste such as rice washing water waste and eggshell waste needs to be continuously encouraged to add value to useless items and overcome environmental problems. Rice washing water and eggshell waste have content that is beneficial for plant growth and development, so they can be made as organic fertilizer. Organic fertilizer from washing water waste as a substitute for organic fertilizer can increase plant productivity and eggshell waste can also be used for making organic fertilizer because it contains Potassium, Calcium, Phosphorus and Magnesium. Organic fertilization is an alternative to improve soil properties and increase growth and yield of cayenne pepper. This study aims to determine the effect of the combination of rice washing waste and chicken eggshells on cayenne pepper plants. The study was designed using a completely randomized design (CRD). The combination treatment consisted of 10 treatments which were repeated 8 times. The combination of giving washing water with chicken egg shells is as follows: The combination of liquid waste with a concentration of 0 ml/L of water and egg shell waste of 0 grams (control); Combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 300 ml/L of water and 15 grams of eggshell waste; The combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 400 ml/L of water and 15 grams of eggshell waste; The combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 500 ml/L of water and 15 grams of eggshell waste; Combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 300 ml/L of water and 20 grams of eggshell waste; Combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 400 ml/L of water and 20 grams of eggshell waste; Combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 500 ml/L of water and 20 grams of eggshell waste; Combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 300 ml/L of water and 25 grams of eggshell waste; Combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 400 ml/L of water and 25 grams of eggshell waste; The combination of rice washing waste with a concentration of 500 ml/L of water and 25 grams of eggshell waste. observational variables, namely the increase in plant height (cm); Number of productive branches; Number of fruits per plant and total weight of fresh fruit per plant (g). The results showed that the combination of rice washing water waste 400 ml/L of water and 20 grams of chicken eggshells could increase the yield of the best crop for the number of fruits per plant, namely 45.25 and the total weight of harvested fruit per plant was 25.13 grams of cayenne pepper.

POPULASI KEONG MAS (Pomacea canaliculata L.) DALAM UMPAN DAN JEBAKAN PADA TANAMAN PADI SAWAH (Oryza sativa L.) DI DESA GOLO BORE KECAMATAN NDOSO KABUPATEN MANGGARAI BARAT

Maria Enjelina Suriyati, Titik Sri Harini, Rika Ludji, Yasinta Letek Kleden — Tue, 19 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

This research was carried out in Golo Bore Village, Ndoso District, West Manggarai Regency and took place from June to July 2023. The aim of this research was to determine the population of golden snails in baits and traps and the types of golden snails found in each treatment. This research method uses an experimental method with direct experiments in the field. This experiment used two treatments and five replications consisting of taro leaf bait (UDT) and water channel traps in the form of trenches (JSA). Observations were made at the age of the plants 21 days after planting. 28 days after planting and 35 days after planting. The research results in the bait treatment using taro leaves averaged 12 individuals and in the water channel trap treatment in the form of ditches 16.4 individuals. From this research, the gold snails found in the taro leaf bait (UDT) and water channel trap (JSA) treatments were the Pomacea canaliculata type with two different shell variations, namely striped and plain patterns.

The COMPONENTS OF GROWTH AND PRODUCTIVITY RESULTS OF THREE VARIETIES OF CORN (Zea mays L) UNDER DROUGHT STRESS THROUGH WATERING FREQUENCY

IGB Adwita Arsa, Calvin Dewa Dato, Muhamad Kasim — Tue, 19 Dec 2023 00:00:00 +0000

The purpose of this research is to determine the growth components and productivity of three corn varieties (Zea mays L.) in response to the frequency of water irrigation. The treatments were arranged in a two-factor factorial design within a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The first factor was the frequency of water irrigation, consisting of 3 treatment levels: once a day (F1), every 2 days (F2), and every 3 days (F3). The second factor was the variety factor (V), comprising 3 varieties: Bonanza F1, hybrid variety Pertiwi 5, and variety Bisi 18, resulting in 9 treatment combinations. Each treatment was replicated three times, yielding a total of 27 experimental units. The parameters observed in this study included plant height, leaf count, stem diameter, flowering age, cob length, cob diameter, and cob fresh weight.

The results of the research indicate that the frequency of water irrigation significantly affects the leaf count at 14 days after sowing (HST), stem diameter, cob length, cob diameter, and cob fresh weight. Meanwhile, the variety factor significantly influences plant height and leaf count at 14 HST and post-flowering, stem diameter, cob diameter, and cob fresh weight. The interaction between the frequency of water irrigation and variety has a significant impact on stem diameter, cob diameter, and cob fresh weight. The best varieties for all frequencies of water irrigation are Pertiwi-5, and varieties tolerant to drought stress are Pertiwi-5 and Bisi-18.