Jurnal Aquatik

OPTIMALISASI LOKASI PENANAMAN RUMPUT LAUT KAPPAPHYCUS ALVAREZII UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP, PETUMBUHAN MUTLAK DAN KANDUNGAN KARAGENAN

2026-07-29T05:26:52+00:00

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a high-value seaweed commodity widely cultivated as a primary source of carrageenan. The success of its cultivation is strongly influenced by environmental conditions, including the planting distance from the shoreline, which may affect water quality and growth performance. This study aimed to assess the effect of different planting distances on growth, survival rate, and carrageenan content of K. alvarezii. The experiment was conducted for 45 days in Oenaek waters using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and three replicates, namely planting distances of 100 m (A), 300 m (B), and 500 m (C) from the shoreline. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, followed by post-hoc tests at a 95% confidence level when significant differences were observed. Results revealed that planting distance significantly affected absolute growth (p<0.05), with the highest value recorded in treatment C (500 m) at 163.11 ± 0.31 g. The highest carrageenan content was obtained in treatment B (300 m) at 18.226%, while survival rate reached 100% across all treatments. These findings highlight that planting distance influences both growth and carrageenan yield, suggesting that site selection should be aligned with production objectives, whether to maximize biomass or optimize carrageenan content.

Keywords: Kappaphycus alvarezii, survival, absolute growth, carrageenan, water quality

PERTUMBUHAN DAN KANDUNGAN KARAGINAN RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus striatum DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN MEDIA BUDIDAYA YANG BERBEDA DI PERAIRAN DESA OENAEK, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2026-07-30T10:15:43+00:00

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different culture media on the growth and carrageenan content of the seaweed Kappaphycus striatum. The study was conducted over 45 days in the waters off Oenaek Village, Kupang Regency, using three types of cultivation media: UV-treated plastic (Treatment A), mesh bags (Treatment B) and the conventional or long-line method (Treatment C), each with three replicates. The parameters observed included absolute weight growth, specific growth rate, and carrageenan content. The results showed that the conventional method (Treatment C) yielded the best results compared to the other treatments, with an average absolute weight growth of 296.99 g and a specific growth rate of 4.30% per day. The highest carrageenan content was also found in Treatment C, at 111 per cent. Statistical analysis using ANOVA showed no statistically significant effect on absolute growth and SGR (p > 0.05); however, from a biological perspective, the conventional medium yielded the most optimal results. These findings indicate that the conventional cultivation method (long line) is more effective in enhancing the productivity and quality of K. striatum seaweed.

Keywords: Kappaphycus striatum, carrageenan, cultivation medium, long line, growth

EFEKTIVITAS PENAMBAHAN KULIT BUAH NAGA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN NILA (Oreochromis niloticus)

2026-07-30T10:27:01+00:00

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is a freshwater fishery commodity that has high economic value and is widely cultivated in Indonesia. The success of tilapia cultivation is greatly influenced by the quality of feed, so it is necessary to innovate effective, economical, and environmentally friendly feed ingredients. One potential alternative is the use of dragon fruit peel (Hylocereus sp.) which contains bioactive compounds such as antioxidants, polyphenols, and fiber. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of adding dragon fruit peel to feed on the growth and survival of tilapia. The results of the study are expected to provide information on the use of agricultural waste as a feed additive that can increase the productivity of tilapia cultivation sustainably. This study was conducted by raising tilapia in an aquarium using 4 treatments and 3 replications of feeding: 0% dragon fruit peel extract, 5% dragon fruit peel extract, 10% dragon fruit peel extract, 15% dragon fruit peel extract for 56 days, fish weight measurements were carried out every 7 days. The results of the ANOVA test showed that the addition of dragon fruit peel affected the growth of weight and length of tilapia. The weight growth of tilapia fed 15% dragon fruit peel extract reached 7.3 grams, and the absolute length growth reached 40 cm. The weight growth of tilapia fed 0% dragon fruit peel extract reached 6.7 grams and the absolute length reached 2.1 cm. The weight growth of tilapia fed 10% dragon fruit peel extract reached 2.9 grams and the absolute length reached 3.4 cm. The growth of tilapia fed 5% dragon fruit peel extract reached 2.7 grams and the absolute length reached 4.3 cm

Keywords: Tilapia feed, dragon fruit peel, growth

PENGARUH PERBEDAAN METODE PENGERINGAN TERHADAP KANDUNGAN METABOLIT PRIMER RUMPUT LAUT Kappaphycus alvarezii

2026-07-30T11:41:31+00:00

Kappaphycus alvarezii is one of the fishery commodities with high economic value, particularly as a source of carrageenan and primary metabolites. The drying process is a crucial post-harvest stage as it may affect the quality of nutritional content yield. This study aimed to determine the effect of different drying methods on the primary metabolite content of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed. The study was designed using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three treatments and three replications, consisting of outdoor hanging drying (P1), solar dome dryer (P2), and outdoor rack drying (P3). The observed parameters included protein, fat, carbohydrate, and carrageenan content, which were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the different drying methods had no significant effect (P > 0.05) on all parameters tested. The highest average protein content was obtained in treatment P1 at 6.23%, the highest fat content in P3 at 1.06%, the highest carbohydrate content in P1 at 40.90%. All three drying methods were able to maintain the nutritional content of the seaweed within a relatively comparable range, suggesting that traditional drying methods can serve as an effective and efficient alternative for seaweed farmers.

Keywords: Carrageenan, Kappaphycus alvarezii, Primary metabolites, Drying method, Seaweed.

Pengaruh Tepung Cacing Sutra (Tubifex sp) Dan Pelet Komersial Yang Dikombinasi, Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Bandeng (Chanos chanos)

2026-08-03T23:16:49+00:00

Silkworm flour is a natural ingredient, which has a high protein content that is suitable as a combination ingredient for milkfish feed. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of providing a combination of silkworm flour (Tubifex sp) and commercial pellets on the growth and survival of milkfish (Chanos chanos). This study was conducted in the milkfish pond of Fahiluka Village, Central Malaka, East Nusa Tenggara for 60 days using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 2 replications. Treatments consisted of A (100% pellets), B (25% silkworm flour + 75% pellets), C (50% silkworm flour + 50% pellets), D (75% silkworm flour + 25% pellets), and E (85% silkworm flour + 15% pellets). The parameters observed in this study included absolute weight growth, specific daily growth (SGR), survival rate, and water quality. The results of this study indicate that treatment E produced the highest absolute weight gain (18.45 g), significantly different (p<0.05) compared to other treatments. The survival rate of the study reached 100% in all treatments. Water quality measurements during the study were within the optimal range for milkfish growth. Therefore, the combination of 85% silkworm meal and 15% pellets is the best feed to increase milkfish growth without affecting its survival.

Keywords: Chanos chanos, Survival, Feeding, Growth, Tubifex sp

Pengaruh Penambahan Sargassum sp. pada Pakan Terhadap Kecerahan Warna Ikan Cupang (Betta sp.)

2026-08-03T23:53:40+00:00

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of incorporating Sargassum sp. flour into feed on the color enhancement, absolute growth, and survival rate of Betta sp.. The experiment lasted for 60 days and employed a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of four treatments: a control group (without Sargassum sp. supplementation), treatment A (10%), treatment B (20%), and treatment C (30%), with each treatment replicated three times. The observed parameters included color brightness, absolute growth, survival rate, and water quality. The findings revealed that the inclusion of Sargassum sp. flour significantly influenced (P < 0.05) both color brightness and absolute growth of Betta fish. The most effective treatment was recorded at the 20% supplementation level, producing the highest color brightness score of 4.50 ± 0.10, indicating a very high level of pigmentation. In addition, the survival rate across all treatments remained at 100%, demonstrating that the use of Sargassum sp. flour is safe at inclusion levels of up to 30%. Therefore, the incorporation of 20% Sargassum sp. flour in feed can be considered an effective strategy to enhance the color quality of Betta fish without negatively affecting their survival.

Keywords: Absolute growth, betta fish (Betta sp.), color brightness, feed formulation, Sargassum sp., survival rate

Produktivitas Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii pada Musim yang Berbeda di Perairan Rote Ndao, Nusa Tenggara Timur

2026-08-04T00:49:56+00:00

Seaweed, particularly Kappaphycus alvarezii, is a leading commodity with high economic value due to its carrageenan content, which is widely used in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. Seaweed cultivation productivity is strongly influenced by aquatic environmental conditions, including seasonal dynamics. This study aims to analyze the effect of seasonal variations (rainy season, transition season, and dry season) on seaweed productivity in Rote Ndao Regency. The study was conducted from June to August in Daiama Village, Landu Leko District, using a survey method through interviews With seaweed farmers using questionnaires. Data were analyzed using pearson correlation and One-Way ANOVA. The results showed that the highest productivity occurred in the transition season, followed by the dry season, and the lowest in the rainy season. The Pearson Correlation test showed a significant relationship between season and productivity with a correlation coefficient value of 0.422 (p < 0.05), indicating a moderate relationship with a positive direction. Ecologically, the transition season provides more stable and optimal water conditions for seaweed growth, while the rainy and dry seasons tend to put environmental pressure. Thus, the season significantly impacts seaweed productivity, making determining the right planting time a crucial factor in optimally and sustainably increasing cultivation yields.

Key words: Kappaphycus alvarezii, produktivity, rote ndao, season, seaweed

Analisis Komparatif Kinerja Ekonomi Usaha Budidaya Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii di Desa Tablolong dan Desa Oenaek, Kabupaten Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur

2026-08-04T03:31:48+00:00

This study aimed to analyze the economic performance of Kappaphycus alvarezii seaweed farming in Tablolong Village and Oenaek Village, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. Kappaphycus alvarezii has significant economic potential, particularly in the export market, due to its high carrageenan content. The study employed a quantitative approach using a descriptive and comparative research design. Data were collected through interviews, field observations, and structured questionnaires administered to seaweed farmers in both villages. The results showed that although Tablolong Village generated slightly higher gross revenue, Oenaek Village demonstrated greater production efficiency. These differences were influenced by several factors, including seed quality, cultivation techniques, market accessibility, and natural resource management. The findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders in developing strategies to improve the economic performance and livelihoods of seaweed farmers in both villages.

Keywords: Kappaphycus alvarezii; seaweed farming; economic analysis; production efficiency; Tablolong Village; Oenaek Village.

PENGGUNAAN FERMENTASI DAUN PEPAYA (Carica papaya ), KUNYIT (Curcuma domestica Val), DAN GARAM (NaCl) DALAM MENUNJANG PERTUMBUHAN DAN KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN LELE PADA BUDIDAYA IKAN DALAM EMBER (BUDIKDAMBER)

2026-08-05T06:56:08+00:00

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fermentasi daun pepaya, kunyit, dan garam terhadap pertumbuhan, efisiensi pemanfaatan pakan, dan kelangsungan hidup ikan lele (Clarias gariepinus) pada sistem budidaya ikan dalam ember (Budikdamber). Penelitian dilaksanakan selama satu bulan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri atas tiga perlakuan dan tiga ulangan, yaitu kontrol (tanpa fermentasi), P1 (fermentasi 4 ml), dan P2 (fermentasi 40 ml). Parameter yang diamati meliputi pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, pertumbuhan berat mutlak, konversi pakan (FCR), tingkat kelangsungan hidup (SR), serta kualitas air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian fermentasi berpengaruh nyata terhadap pertumbuhan panjang mutlak, pertumbuhan berat mutlak, dan konversi pakan. Perlakuan P2 menghasilkan pertumbuhan panjang mutlak tertinggi sebesar 11,53±0,31 cm, pertumbuhan berat mutlak sebesar 127,35±4,49 g, dan nilai FCR terendah sebesar 1,30±0,49. Tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan pada seluruh perlakuan tergolong tinggi, yaitu 98,33–100%. Kualitas air selama penelitian berada pada kisaran optimal untuk budidaya ikan lele. Disimpulkan bahwa pemberian fermentasi daun pepaya, kunyit, dan garam dosis 40 ml memberikan hasil terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan dan efisiensi pakan ikan lele dalam sistem Budikdamber.

Penggunaan Fermentasi Daun Pepaya (Carica Papaya), Kunyit (Curcuma Domestica Val.), dan Garam (Nacl) dalam Menunjang Pertumbuhan dan Kelangsungan Hidup Ikan Lele pada Budidaya Ikan dalam Ember (Budikdamber)

2026-08-05T07:02:08+00:00

The Bucket Fish Farming System (Budikdamber) has emerged as a practical and environmentally sustainable aquaculture method for small-scale fish production. Nevertheless, its productivity largely depends on efficient feed utilization and maintaining fish health. Fermented mixtures prepared from papaya leaves, turmeric, and salt have attracted attention as natural feed supplements that may enhance fish growth performance. This study evaluated the effects of fermented papaya leaves, turmeric, and salt on the growth performance, feed utilization efficiency, survival rate, and water quality of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) cultured in a Budikdamber system. A one-month experiment was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design consisting of three treatments with three replicates: a control without fermented supplementation, supplementation with 4 mL of fermented solution, and supplementation with 40 mL of fermented solution. Growth performance was assessed through absolute length gain and absolute weight gain, while feed conversion ratio, survival rate, and water quality were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that fermented supplementation significantly improved fish growth and feed utilization. The application of 40 mL fermentation produced the highest absolute length gain (11.53 ± 0.31 cm) and absolute weight gain (127.35 ± 4.49 g), together with the lowest feed conversion ratio (1.30 ± 0.49), indicating superior feed efficiency. Survival remained consistently high across all treatments (98.33–100%), and the measured water quality parameters stayed within the acceptable range for African catfish culture. These findings suggest that supplementation with 40 mL of fermented papaya leaves, turmeric, and salt is an effective approach to improving growth performance and feed utilization efficiency in African catfish reared under the Budikdamber culture system.

Keywords: African catfish, Budikdamber, feed conversion ratio, fermented papaya leaves, growth performance, turmeric.

IDENTIFIKASI JENIS BAKTERI PADA RUMPUT LAUT Eucheuma cottonii YANG TERSERANG ICE-ICE

2026-08-10T12:06:27+00:00

Ice-ice disease is one of the main obstacles in the cultivation of Eucheuma cottonii seaweed which can reduce the growth, quality, and carrageenan content. This study aims to identify the types of bacteria found in E. cottonii seaweed infected with ice-ice disease and determine its effect on carrageenan levels. The study was conducted in August–October 2025 with samples taken at Pasir Panjang Beach, Kupang City. Bacterial identification was carried out at the Fish and Environmental Health Laboratory UPT using the API 20 E method, while carrageenan analysis was carried out using the alkali extraction method. Water quality parameters measured included temperature, salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen (DO). The results showed that the bacteria identified in the seaweed samples were Vibrio alginolyticus, while no pathogenic bacteria were found in the water samples. Healthy seaweed produced carrageenan yields of 28.0% and 32.0%, while seaweed infected with ice-ice only produced yields of 17.0% and 12.0%. Water quality measurements showed a temperature of 32.8°C, a salinity of 30 ppt, a pH of 8.1, and a DO of 7.50 ppm. The results showed that the presence of Vibrio alginolyticus is associated with ice-ice disease in E. cottonii and results in decreased carrageenan levels. Environmental conditions, particularly relatively high temperatures, are thought to increase the seaweed's susceptibility to bacterial infection.

Key words: Eucheuma cottonii, ice-ice disease, Vibrio alginolyticus, carrageenan, water quality.

OPTIMALISASI PENAMBAHAN PROBIOTIK PROBIO-7 DENGAN KONSENTRASI YANG BERBEDA PADA PAKAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN BENIH IKAN MAS (Cyprinus carpio)

2026-08-10T12:42:53+00:00

Aquaculture is the main basis for meeting animal protein needs through maximum productivity targets. The success of this sector is highly dependent on the synergy between feed management, water quality control, maintenance techniques, and the sustainability of quality seed supply. Fish growth and survival are highly dependent on the availability of high-quality feed, especially during the seed phase which requires a large protein intake. This research was conducted for 2 months at the oeluan fish seed center using an experimental method with a completely randomized design of 5 treatments and 3 replications: Control Treatment (without the addition of probio-7), Treatment A (addition of 10 ml probio-7/kg feed), Treatment B (addition of 15 ml probio-7/kg feed), Treatment C (addition of 20 ml probio-7/kg feed), Treatment D (addition of 25 ml probio-7/kg feed). The results of the study showed that the best absolute growth was in treatment D (addition of 25 ml probio-7/kg feed) with a value of (7.19 ± 0.39 gr) with a survival rate of 100% in each treatment.

Keywods: Probio-7, Survival, Growth, Water Quality.

PENGARUH KOMBINASI CACING DARAH (Chironomus sp.) DAN PAKAN KOMERSIAL TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN SERTA KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP IKAN PATIN (Pangasius hypophthalmus)

2026-08-10T12:58:21+00:00

Feed is a crucial factor in fish farming. Without appropriate feed, fish growth slows down, and survival rates can decline. High commercial feed costs often pose a challenge. Consequently, many fish farmers seek highly nutritious alternatives; bloodworms (Chironomus sp.) are a promising option due to their protein content, which supports fish growth. This study examined the effects of combining bloodworms with commercial feed on the growth and survival of Pangasius hypophthalmus (Siamese catfish). The experiment was conducted over 60 days at the Aquaculture Laboratory of Nusa Cendana University, Kupang, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Four treatments were tested—control (100% pellets), Treatment A (85% pellets + 15% bloodworms), Treatment B (70% pellets + 30% bloodworms), and Treatment C (55% pellets + 45% bloodworms)—with three replicates for each. The results clearly indicated that the combination of commercial feed and bloodworms significantly influenced the growth of P. hypophthalmus (p<0.05). Treatment C (45% bloodworms) yielded the best growth performance, achieving an absolute weight gain of 2.73 g and a specific growth rate (SGR) of 1.27% per day. However, regarding survival, Treatment B performed best, achieving a rate of 86.66%. Water quality remained stable throughout the study, with temperatures ranging from 26–30°C and pH levels between 6.2–8.3—ranges ideal for P. hypophthalmus. The study concludes that incorporating bloodworms at a proportion of up to 45% alongside commercial feed can accelerate the growth of P. hypophthalmus without compromising survival rates.

Keywords: Bloodworms, Catfish, Survival, Commercial Feed, Growth

Pengaruh Padat Tebar Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ikan Nila (Oreochromis niloticus) Pada Sistem Akuaponik Teknik Aliran Film Nutrisi (NFT)

2026-08-10T13:38:50+00:00

This study aims to determine the effect of stocking density on the growth of tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) cultivated in an aquaponic system using the Nutrient Film Flow (NFT) technique. The study was carried out with four different stocking densities, namely 15, 20, 25, and 30 fish per unit of aquaponic system. The method used was an experiment with a Complete Random Design (RAL) design consisting of 3 replicas. The data obtained was analyzed using multiple fingerprint analysis (ANOVA) with a 95% confidence interval. The results showed that stocking density had a significant effect on tilapia growth, where treatment with a stocking density of 15 fish showed the best growth, followed by treatment of 20 fish, while higher stocking density (25 and 30 fish) reduced the growth rate of fish. In conclusion, the optimal stocking density for tilapia growth in an NFT aquaponics system is 15 to 20 fish per unit of the system. This study provides recommendations for tilapia farmers in aquaponic systems in order to be able to manage stocking density properly to support optimal growth.

Keywords: Stocking density, Tilapia, Aquaponics, Nutrient Film Flow (NFT) Technique, Fish growth.

Evaluasi Kesesuaian Layout Infrastruktur Tambak Bandeng (Chanos chanos) di Desa Lakekun Utara, Kecamatan Kobalima, Kabupaten Malaka

2026-08-10T14:10:29+00:00

Pond infrastructure layout is one of the key factors influencing the operational efficiency and productivity of milkfish (Chanos chanos) aquaculture. This study aimed to evaluate the suitability of the pond infrastructure layout in Lakekun Utara Village, Kobalima District, Malaka Regency, focusing on pond plot design, embankment construction, water channel systems, and overall pond layout. The study was conducted from May to October 2024 using a descriptive survey approach through field observations, interviews with pond farmers, and documentation. The collected data were analyzed descriptively by comparing the existing pond conditions with established technical principles for pond construction and management. The results showed that most pond plots were rectangular in shape, with sizes ranging from 60 × 25 m to 100 × 100 m. The embankments were generally constructed from sandy clay soil with heights ranging from 1.0 to 1.5 m; however, several embankments were insufficiently wide to support vehicle access during harvesting activities. The water management system had separate inlet and outlet channels, although some ponds still relied on mechanical pumps, resulting in higher operational costs. Furthermore, the existing pond layout had not fully supported efficient transportation of harvested fish. Therefore, improvements in pond plot dimensions, embankment width, gravity-based water channel systems, and transportation access are recommended to enhance operational efficiency and promote the sustainability of milkfish aquaculture.

Keywords: infrastructure layout, milkfish pond, pond infrastructure, water channel system, Lakekun Utara Village.

Perbandingan Karakteristik Morfologi Talus Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii Pasca Transportasi Jarak Jauh

2026-08-10T14:40:26+00:00

This study aims to analyze the comparison of morphological characteristics of the thallus of seaweed Kappaphycus alvarezii after long-distance transportation. Seaweed seed transportation is an essential stage in the aquaculture supply chain, but environmental conditions during travel can affect the quality and viability of the seedlings. This study examines changes in thallus morphology as a primary indicator to assess the quality and health of seedlings after the distribution process. The results showed that seedlings transported under controlled conditions had fresher, more elastic thalli with more branches compared to those under uncontrolled transport. Thallus morphology proved to be an effective indicator in assessing the physiological condition of seedlings after long-distance transportation. These findings are crucial for developing an efficient and sustainable seaweed seed distribution system.

Keywords: Kappaphycus alvarezii, seedling quality, long-distance transport, thallus morphology, seaweed.