JURNAL SPEKTRO

Rancang Bangun Panel Automatic Transfer Switch (ATS) 1 Fasa Pada Instalasi Listrik Rumah Tinggal

Jimmy Elton Hinadang — 2025-12-03

The results showed that: (1) The stages in designing a 1-phase auomatic transfer switch (ATS) panel in residential electrical installations are starting with designing a drawing of the control system circuit, determining the appropriate control system circuit components, connecting each component. (2) The average inverter input voltage (AC) required by the inverter is 222.2 Volt (AC). (3) The average output voltage in the ATS system produced by the inverter power supply is 177.2 Volt (AC). (4) There is a significant influence between the variable input voltage of the Inverter (AC) and the variable output voltage in the ATS system.

DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF SWITCHING MODE POWER SUPPLY(SMPS) USING FLYBACK TOPOLOGY

Fidelis Castro Heleano de Melo — 2025-12-03

In this research, a power supply has been developed using the Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS) method as a replacement for a linear power supply. The advantage of a Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS) is that it has smaller dimensions and is lighter and has higher efficiency than a Linear Power Supply. Research was carried out at the Electrical Engineering Education LAB in three stages, namely tool design, tool assembly and tool testing. To determine the characteristics of the Switching Mode Power Supply (SMPS), the tool was tested in the form of measuring voltage, current and frequency (input & output) with 60 trials divided into 6 stages and the resulting data was 214.8V, 0.09A, 50.5Hz for input and 13.17V, 0.97A, 269.8KHz. Then a test was carried out to find out how much influence the output frequency had on the output voltage and the test results using SPSS version 29 showed no influence of the output frequency on the output voltage.

Rancang Bangun Sistem Informasi Perpustakaan Berbasis Web Pada SMK Negeri 5 Kupang

Fanmidin Said — 2025-12-03

Abstract - The management of the process of borrowing and returning library books can
take a lot of time and money because it needs to be recorded by students which must be done
manually. Utilization of a web-based library information system can save costs and time because
the process has been carried out using a computer. This study aims to: (1) create a web-based
library information system at SMK Country 5 Kupang, and (2) determine the quality standards of
software developed based on ISO 9126 quality standards on functionality and usability aspects.
The research method used is Research and Development (R&D). The software
development process model used the waterfall model which consisted of: (1) requirements
analysis, (2) design, (3) implementation, and (4) testing. Then used UML visual modeling, which
is a standardized modeling language for object-oriented software development.
The results showed that: (1) a web-based library information system was developed using a
framework and waterfall development model consisting of the needs analysis stage, design stage,
implementation stage, and testing stage, and (2) the test results on the functionality aspect obtained
a value of 1 (good ) and the security level for SQL Injection and XSS (Cross Site Scripting)
attacks was obtained at a very safe level (low). Usability testing obtained user approval level of
77% (agree) with Cronbach's alpha value of 0.958 (excellent).
Keywords: Software Quality, Library Information System, UML, ISO 9126

ANALISIS PENGARUH METODE UPRATING (MENAIKAN KAPASITAS DAYA) TRANSFORMATOR PADA GARDU DISTRIBUSI TERHADAP OVERLOAD (BEBAN LEBIH) DI PT. PLN (Persero) ULP KUPANG

Yulita Vanizar Sebu — 2025-12-03

ANALISIS PENGARUH METODE UPRATING (MENAIKAN KAPASITAS DAYA) TRANSFORMATOR PADA GARDU DISTRIBUSI TERHADAP OVERLOAD (Beban Lebih) Di PT.PLN (Persero) ULP KUPANG

Yulita Vanizar Sebu, S.Pd⁽¹⁾, Dr. I Made Parsa, M.Pd⁽²⁾, Crispinus Paulus Tamal, S.Pd.,M.Pd⁽³⁾

Prodi Pendidikan Teknik Elektro FKIP Undana Kupang Nusa Tenggara Timur

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengnalisis pengaruh metode uprating terhadap overload (Beban Lebih) di PT.PLN (Persero) ULP Kupang, dan untuk menganalisis besar pengaruh metode uprating terhadap overload (Beban lebih). Metode yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah, Kuantitatif Murni. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara studi lapangan, yakni pengukuran secara langsung ditempat objek penelitian, dan untuk mengetahui pengaruh serta besar pengaruh dilakukan dengan membandingkan data pengukuran dan perhitungan secara matematis pada transformator distribusi sebelum dan sesudah melakukan proses uprating, dan melakukan analisis menggunakan IBM SPSS 29.0, untuk mendapatkan persentase pengaruh dan besar pengaruh uprating terhadap overload (Beban Lebih).

Hasil penelitian dari 32 gardu yang diambil sebagai sampel, mendapatkan hasil besar pengaruh uprating terhadap overload (Beban Lebih) sebesar 0,223 atau 22,3 % dengan beban paling tinggi adalah 98,61 sebelum melakukan uprating, dan setelah melakukan uprating besar pengaruhnya 0,530 atau 53% dengan beban paling tinggi 75,56 dan sisanya sebesar 47% dipengaruhi oleh variabel lain. Selisih antara nilai persentase pengaruh sebelum dan sesudah uprating adalah 30,7%. Berdasarkan interval koefisien menunjukan bahwa metode uprating mempunyai korelasi kuat dan arah hubungan yang positif,mempengaruhi overload (beban lebih),sedangkan besar pengaruhnya mempunyai korelasi sedang dan arah hubungan positif.

Kata Kunci: Uprating, Gardu Distribusi, Beban Lebih

Abstract. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of transformer uprating on overload, and to analyze how big the effect of uprating is on overload. The method used in this research is Pure Quantitative. Data collection was carried out by means of field studies, where researchers directly carried out measurements and collected data. After that, compare the measurement and calculation data between before uprating and after uprating, to be able to see how it affects overload. After that, carry out an analysis using IBM SPSS 29.0, to find out whether there is an influence and how big the influence is between uprating on overload.

The results of research from 32 substations as samples in this study, it is known that 0.223 or 23% of uprating affects overload before uprating, meaning that there is still a slight influence of uprating, with the highest load being 98.55%. Then after uprating the influence increased by 0.530 or 53% with the highest load value being 75.56. The difference between the percentage before and after the uprating is 30.7%. This value shows that uprating affects overload, which has a moderate correlation and a positive direction of relationship.

Keywords: Uprating, Distribution Substantion, Overload

Analisis Pengaruh Arus Netral Transformator pada Gardu Distribusi terhadap Losses (Rugi Daya) di PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Kupang

Ajeng Nur Suryani — 2025-12-03

This research aims to find out how much influence the neutral current of the transformer at the
distribution substation has on losses and to find out how much influence the neutral current of the transformer at the
distribution substation has on losses.
This research used the literature study methods, survey methods and quantitative methods. The data analysis used
is the analysis requirements test, data normality test, data homogeneity test and data analysis techniques using single
regression analysis and coefficient of determination.
The results of this research show that the influence of the neutral current of the transformer, thereby increasing
the value of losses produced before load equalization, obtained at count = 8,611, a Sig value of <0.001 and a t tabel value
(df = 30-2, namely: to sides/0.025) obtained 1,701 (Appendix 5. T-tabel page 136) so that 8,611 & 1,701 and the
significance is < 0.001<0.05, while the result of analysis of the influence of the transformer neutral current thereby
increasing the value of losses produced after load equalization obtained a value of t = 5,374, the value Sig. <0.001 and the
t table value (df = 30-2, namely two sides /0.025) is 1,701 (Appendix 5. T-table page 136) so that 5,374 & 1,701 and the
significance is < 0.001< 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is an influence of current neutral transformer against
losses before and after load equalization. The result of the analysis of how much influence the transformer neutral current
has so that it increases the value of the losses produced before and after equalizing the load, it is obtained that the
coefficient of determination (R Square) is 0.726 and 0.508 and is interpreted as a percentage of the value of the neutral
current affecting the losses (power losses) before equalization. The load is 72.6% and 50.8% after load equalization and
remaining 27.4% and 49.2% are influenced by other variables.

ANALISIS KONDISI PERANGKAT HUBUNG BAGI TEGANGAN RENDAH (PHB-TR) GARDU DISTRIBUSI PT. PLN (PERSERO) ULP KUPANG

Yohana Asfi Wula — 2025-12-03

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kesesuaian kondisi PHB-TR pada gardu distribusi dalam lingkup kerja PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Kupang dengan SPLN D3.016-1:2013 dan untuk mengidentifikasi standar komponen PHB-TR berdasarkan besar arus beban. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif murni. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara observasi langsung, dilakukan pengukuran dan pengamatan terhadap aspek konstruksi, pengawatan, proteksi, penandaan dan kondisi kelistrikan beberapa PHB-TR dalam wilayah kerja PT. PLN (Persero) ULP Kupang. Hasil penelitian dari lima aspek penilaian PHB-TR yang diteliti yaitu, Gardu KT 116 menunjukkan bahwa kondisi PHB-TR dalam cukup baik. Dilihat dari tingkat kesesuaian komponen pada setiap aspek mulai dari aspek pengawatan dengan tingkat kesesuaian 100%, aspek konstruksi 78,75%, aspek proteksi 82%, aspek penandaan 50%, dan aspek kondisi kelistrikan yang baik dan tidak ditemukan kerusakan pada komponen pengamannya.

Efektivitas Media Pembelajaran Interaktif Menggunakan Canva untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Konseptual Siswa ditinjau dari Tingkat Literasi Digital di SMK Negeri 2 Kupang

Soni Siprinandi Leokoy — 2025-12-03

Abstract - This study aims to determine the increase in students' conceptual understanding when applying Canva as an interactive
learning medium in learning activities with digital literacy as a moderating variable. The research design used a quasi-
experimental design with a control class and an experimental class. The research instruments used essay questions as a tool to
measure the increase in conceptual understanding and a questionnaire as a tool to measure the level of digital literacy. Hypothesis
testing used a two-way ANOVA test with a significance value for learning media of 0.00, digital literacy of 0.231, and the
interaction between learning media and digital literacy had a significance value of 0.473. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of
Canva as an interactive learning medium is effective in improving students' conceptual understanding.
Keywords – Interactive Canva, Conceptual Understanding, Digital Literacy
Abstrak – Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peningkatan pemahaman konseptual siswa ketika menerapkan canva sebagai
media pembelajaran interaktif pada kegiatan pembelajaran dengan kemampuan literasi digital sebagai variabel moderator. Jenis
penelitan menggunakan quasi eksperimental design dengan kelas kontrol dan kelas eksperimen. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan
soal esay sebagai alat untuk mengukur peningkattan pemahaman konseptual dan angket sebagai alat untuk mengukur tingkat literasi
digital. Pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji two-way anova dengan nilai signifikansi untuk media pembelajaran sebesar 0,00,
literasi digital 0,231 dan interaksi antara media pembelajaran dan literasi digital memiliki nilai signifikansi 0,473. Dengan demikian
dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan canva sebaga media pembelajaran interaktif efektif meningkatkan pemahaman konseptual
siswa.
Kata kunci – Canva Interaktif, Pemahaman Konseptual, Literasi Digital

Implementasi Metode Pembelajaran Project Based Learning Materi Computerized Accounting Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Di LP3I Kupang

Marini Haryati Nenoliu — 2025-12-03

Penelitian ini didasari oleh penerapan metode pembelajaran berbasis proyek sebagai salah satu metode pembelajaran yang direkomendasikan untuk bidang studi komputer akuntansi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh implementasi metode pembelajaran project based learning (PjBL) terhadap peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik pada mata pelajaran komputer akuntansi di LP3I Kupang. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Maret 2025. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah quasi experimental dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hal tersebut didasarkan pada parameter topik masalah yang diambil yaitu untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar. Berdasarkan hasil uji yang telah dilakukan dapat diketahui bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara nilai post-test kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Hasil uji menunjukkan nilai hasil belajar kelompok eksperimen lebih besar dibandingkan kelompok kontrol sehingga implementasi metode pembelajaran project based learning (PjBL) terbukti meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik LP3I Kupang