Wana Lestari

BIRD DIVERSITY IN CAMPLONG NATURAL TOURISM PARK, FATULEU DISTRICT, KUPANG DISTRICT, EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE”

Andrys Misa — 2024-06-30

This study was conducted to determine the diversity of bird species in the Camplong Nature Park
(TWA) area located in Fatuleu District, Kupang Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. It has a
total area of 696.60 ha. This research was conducted in April – May 2022. The method used in this
study is the Point Count method for bird observation and the transect path method is used for
vegetation analysis. Data was processed using the Significance Index (INP), Shannon Wiener
Diversity Index (H'), Equity Index (E) and Conservation Status Presentation formulas.
The results showed that the birds found in TWA Camplong as many as 16 species of birds from
13 families. The calculation of bird species diversity in Camplong Nature Park was calculated
using the Shanon Winner index classified as medium with a value of H'= 2.658. The results of data
analysis (INP) showed the highest INP at 64.76%, while the lowest INP at 1.12%. In the sapling
level category, there are 26 species of plants with the highest INP of 49.76% and the lowest INP
of 1.01. There are 20 types of pole level categories with the highest INP of 78.65% while the
lowest INP is 2.85%. In the tree category, there are 31 plant species with the highest INP of 38.99%
and the lowest INP of 2.45%.

LAND COVER CHANGES ANALYSIS USING LANDSAT SATELLITE IMAGERY IN FOREST AREA WITH THE SPECIAL PURPOSE SISIMENI SANAM 2021

Dimas Arka — 2024-06-30

Sisimeni Sanam has several problems, such as slashing, burning, and land clearing from
local community. In addition, forest and land fires also occurred in Sisimeni Sanam area. This
research was conducted to monitor the changes of land cover in the Sisimeni Sanam, East Nusa
Tenggara Province from March to April 2022 All the data from this study was analyzed with
quantitative analysis that utilizes remote sensing data so that can be interpreted satellite imagery.
The method used in this research is OBIS (Object Based Image Segmentation) in order to
determine the area of land cover 2021 in the Sisimeni Sanam. In 2021, the value of land cover in
the Sisimeni Sanam Special Purpose Forest Area has land cover in the dense forest class of
241.03 Ha (8%), medium forest of 991.04 Ha (33%), shrubs of 1453.31 Ha (49%), and open
land pad of 287.82 Ha (10%).

DIVERSITY OF BIRD SPECIES IN VARIOUS HABITAT TYPES IN KELIMUTU NATIONAL PARK, ENDE DISTRICT, EAST NUSA TENGGARA POVINCE

Rischaardts Chornelis Manafe — 2024-06-30

In the Kelimutu National Park area there is a tourist attraction, namely, Lake Kelimutu. The tourist attraction of Lake Kelimutu has a high beauty value, making it always crowded with tourists, both local and foreign. The presence of tourists can be a factor in the level of bird species diversity in the Kelimutu National Park area. This is because birds tend to be sensitive to human presence (Bötsch et al., 2017) so this study aims to determine the diversity of bird species in bird habitats around tourist objects. The method used in collecting data in the field is the path and point method. In data analysis, the method used is the Mackinnon's Species List method. The results of this study indicate that the presence of tourists does not affect the diversity of bird species in habitats around the Lake Kelimutu tourist area.

PENGARUH KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BENIH AMPUH (Eucalyptus europhylla S. T. Blake)

Yoriana Maria Seran — 2024-06-30

Salah satu persebaran alami tanaman Ampupu (Eucalyptus urophylla S.T.Blake) di NTT yang masih mendominasi adalah Hutan Lindung Mutis Timau, akan tetapi tanaman Ampupu tidak mengalami regenerasi alami yang disebabkan oleh pengembalaan liar dan kebakaran hutan oleh masyarakat. Salah satu cara untuk menunjang pertumbuhan tanaman Ampupu adalah dengan menggunakan media tanam yang tepat seperti penambahan bahan pembenah tanah berupa arang sekam dan kotoran sapi pada tanah bekas kebakaran yang juga merupakan tanah bekas pengembalaan ternak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh komposisi media tanam terhadap perkecambahan benih Ampupu. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan perbandingan komposisi media tanam yang digunakan (M0) tanah bekas kebakaran yang juga merupakan tanah bekas pengembalaan ternak 100% (kontrol) 10 kg, (M1) tanah kontrol 50% + pupuk kandang sapi 50%, (M2) tanah kontrol 50% + arang sekam 50%, (M3) tanah kontrol 50% + pupuk kandang sapi 25% + arang sekam 25%, (M4) tanah kontrol 50% + tanah 50%, (M5) tanah kontrol 50% + tanah 25% + pupuk kandang sapi 25%, (M6) tanah kontrol 50% + tanah 25% + arang sekam 25%, (M7) tanah kontrol 25% + tanah 25% + pupuk kandang sapi 25% + arang sekam 25%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa persentase perkecambahan yang menggunakan campuran bahan organik pupuk kandang sapi dan arang sekam yang ditambahkan pada tanah bekas kebakaran yang juga merupkan tanah bekas pengembalaan ternak memiliki rata-rata nilai daya kecambah sebesar 84,33%, indeks kecepatan berkecambah sebesar 4,39 dan nilai perkecambah sebesar 0,53%.

IDENTIFICATION OF WILD PLANT SPECIES AS FOOD INGREDIENTS AROUND THE KATERI WILDLIFE RESERVE AREA

Christine Naomi Panda Huki — 2024-06-30

This study aims to determine the types of food source plants available and utilized by the community in the Kateri Wildlife Reserve area, Malacca Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province in July 2023. The benefits of this research can provide information about wild plants as food and the utilization of wild plants as food. This research used snowball sampling technique or carried out sequentially by asking for information to people who had been interviewed previously through interviews, observations, and literature studies. Based on the results of the study, there were 15 plant species belonging to 11 families. Most of these families are the Fabaceae family. Each family has 6 species. The part used is the fruit part, which is 43 types. Where the percentage of leaves is the part of the plant used as much as 87% and the least used part, namely the stem 13%.

IDENTIFICATION OF TYPES OF WILD ANIMALS USED COMMERCIALLY AND NON-COMMERCIALLY IN THE PROVINCE OF EAST NUSA TENGGARA

Angela Nainupu — 2024-06-30

This study has been carried out in the area of East Nusa Tenggara Province. The study aims to find out the types. The method used in this study is the qualitative method. The results of the study obtained through the interview method. The results of the study were obtained as many as 2 types of wildlife that were used commercially for the purpose of business licenses and as many as 28 types of wildlife that were used non-commercially for the purpose of breeding, research and souvenirs. The conservation status of commercially exploited and non-commercial wildlife according to PERMEN HUT No. 106 of 2018, there are 7 protected species, according to IUCN there are 15 species including LC (Least Concern) category, 2 types including VU (Vulnerable) category, 2 types including category EN (Endangered), 1 type including CR (Critically Endangered) category, and 1 type including NT (Near Threatened) category, according to CITES there is 1 species included in Appendix I and 3 types that include Appendix II.

ANALYSIS OF FIREWOOD NEEDS FOR COMMUNITIES AROUND FOREST AREAS IN NOINBILA VILLAGE, SOUTH MOLLO DISTRICT, SOUTH CENTRAL TIMOR REGENCY “

Maria Charlina Isu — 2024-06-30

Their need. Problem of the firewood was urgent need seriously attention and it is needed to be researched because the community members have been taking the firewood from the forest area without caring the forest sustainability. This research objectives was to investigate the forest quality and volume of firewood taking influenced by the community consumption of firewood surround the forest at Noinbila Village, Mollo Selatan Sub-district, Timor Tengah Selatan Regency. The research found that the firewood consumption of the community reached at 211.615 SM/capita/year equals to 8,464,598 million mᶾ. There were some kind of wood taken by the community, namely Ampupu, Mahoni, Gamalin, Jati, Kasuari, Kayu Putih, Lamtoro, cashew-nut, and kabesak. The result showed that the community surround the forest at Noinbila Village using the firewood as the main priority energy for consuming and selling. This activity has an impact on decreasing of the forest quality as shown by regeneration status of the forest at Noinbila Village. It means that there were no regeneration anymore. In addition, analysis of land cover at the forest area at Noinbila Village during 2013 – 2023 found that the forest has been turning into negative point since the declining of dense vegetation as well as moderate vegetation followed by the increasing of vacant land annually. These facts will threaten the forest quality in the future.

STUDY OF COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE AS WELL AS VEGETATION DIVERSITY ON BURNED AND UNBURNED LAND IN WOLO TADHO NATURE RESERVE (Case Study of Tadho Village, Riung Subdistrict, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province)

MARIANA DE O. KAPITAN — 2024-06-30

The Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve is one of the conservation areas in Ngada Regency, which needs to be preserved. This study aims firsa to determine the differences in the composition and structure of vegetation diversity on burned and unburned land, to identify the causal factors and impacts of fire cases in Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve. The method used in this research is the Transect method for vegetation analysis, determining respondents using the slovin formula, and analyzing data in this study descriptively quantitative.The results of this study indicate that there are differences in the composition and structure of vegetation diversity on burned and unburned land as seen from the vegetation species diversity index on burned land which is highest at the seedling level of 2.01 lowest stake level of 1.73 while on unburned land the highest tree level is 2.37 lowest pole level of 1.76. The vegetation species richness index on burned land was the highest at the seedling level of 1.54, the lowest at the sapling level of 1.23, while on unburned land the highest at the tree level was 2.10, the lowest at the pole and sapling level was 1.15. The evenness index of vegetation types on burned land is the highest at the sapling level of 1.08, the lowest at the pole level is 0, and on unburned land the highest at the tree and sapling level is 1.0, the lowest at the seedling level is 0.97. The similarity index of vegetation types is considered the same if it has a similarity index value of >50% while the value of the vegetation similarity index on burned land and unburned land in the Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve of 43.40% is classified as low. The factors that cause forest fires in Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve include education, age, and livelihood factors. The impact of forest fires in Wolo Tadho Nature Reserve is the loss and destruction of animal habitats and smoke from fires can also interfere with the health of the community around the area.

COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREST STEWARDSHIP COUNCIL (FSC) CERTIFICATION IN BAMBOO FOREST (CASE STUDY OF WEST GOLEWA DISTRICT, NGADA REGENCY, EAST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE)

Juniawan Amir — 2024-06-30

FSC certification ensures sustainable forest management and has an impact on the economic, ecological, social and cultural aspects of communities around bamboo forests. FSC certification ensures that certification group members comply with forest management in accordance with certification and comply with land legality so as to provide quality and sustainable forest products. FSC certification makes it easier for certification group members to provide international sales markets because FSC has been recognized internationally. The level of readiness of knowledge, attitudes and behavior regarding the implementation of FSC certification is currently still very limited, as is its application in bamboo forests. The response of the community as members of the FSC certification group is not yet known, making this research important to carry out. This research aims to measure the knowledge, attitudes and behavior of FSC certification group members regarding the implementation of FSC Certification in the bamboo forest of West Golewa District, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province in July 2023. This research was conducted using a qualitative descriptive method and distributed questionnaires to 64 respondents. is a member of the FSC certification group. Data collection techniques were carried out using field observation techniques and informal discussions, interviews and questionnaires. The research results show that the level of knowledge of certification group members regarding the implementation of FSC certification is in the sufficient category (60.9%), the attitude of FSC certification group members towards the implementation of FSC Certification is in the Sufficient category (53%), and the behavior of FSC certification group members towards the implementation of FSC certification in the sufficient category (58%). The community's response to the implementation of FSC certification is in the positive response category but there needs to be increased education and assistance for the community as members of the certification group.

EFFECTS OF THE INTERACTION OF BUBBLE PLANTS AND THE MEDIA COMPOSITION OF PLANTSAGAINST THE GROWTH OF SANDALWOOD SEEDS (Santalum album Linn)

Mariani carvalo — 2024-06-30

Sandalwood (Santalum album Linn.) is a wood-producing forest plant in the East Nusa Tenggara province (NTT) which has great economic value and is an endemic type of species. The exploitation of the foam plant (Santalum album Linn) which is not offset by its conservation efforts causes the plant to be at risk of extinction. Candana (Santalum album Linn) is also a tree whose seed germination is relatively slow due to the thickness of its skin which inhibits the entrance of water inhibitively so that the germinating process takes a relatively long time Giving ZPT GA3 is believed to help the growth because it contains plant hormones that are available both endogenously and exogeneously and giving the composition of the growing medium can also help to nourish to accelerate plant production. The method used in this study is Complete Random Design (RAL) 2 factors, namely factor A concentration GA3 and factor B composition of soil, sand, chicken stool, cow stool with 9 combinations of each combination of such treatment was repeated 3 times so that 27 experimental units were obtained. Each experimental unit uses 100 mold seeds so the total seed required for 27 experimental units is as much as 2,700 mold seed. The results of the research showed that the concentration of GA3 80% with a cattle stool growing medium of 2 kg, sand 1 kg and soil 1 kg can increase the percentage of spruce, the rate of germination, the wet weight and dry weight of mushroom seed plants (Santalum album Linn).

THE ROLE OF THE SUSTAINABLE BAMBOO FOUNDATION IN EFFORTS TO USE BAMBOO AS AN ECONOMIC RESOURCE FOR THE COMMUNITY (Case Study of Subinana Group, Nginamanu Village, Wolomeze District, Ngada Regency)

Maria Erwinda Bouk — 2024-06-30

Non-Timber Forest Products abbreviated as NTFPS Bamboo in East Nusa Tenggara has considerable potential to affect people's lives, one of which is bamboo which can produces products that are used as an additional sources of production for the people of Nginamanu Village. This study aims to determined bamboo management and determined the roles of the Bambu Lestari Foundation in helping the people’s economic, especially Subinana weavers in Nginamanu Village. The method used in this study was qualitative method. The results of the study were obtained through the interview method assisted by an attached questionnaire.

The results showed that the roles of Yayasan Bambu Lestari was to provide the socialization and training in woven bamboo, promoted weaving, plant bamboo seedlings with the community, provided woven training to elementary, junior and high school of children. The economic changes of the community after the existence of the Bambu Lestari Foundation felt by the weaving community are helping them in meeting their daily needs, in addition to the woven proceeds also help in paying their children's school fees.

THE ROLES OF VEGETATION IN OPEN GREEN SPACES IN KUPANG EAST NUSA TENGGARA

Muhammad Soimin — 2024-06-30

Open green spaces are crucial for urban landscapes, providing huge benefits such as biodiversity conservation and promoting human health. They can be found in various forms like parks, gardens, and natural reserves. In Indonesia, open green spaces are a trend and prioritized by local authorities because the increasing number of buildings, roads, and vehicles in urban areas that potentially decrease air quality due to contamination of dust, CO_2,and other pollutants. A study on the vegetation composition in Kupang open green spaces is needed to understand its potential benefits and serve as a baseline for developing extensive open green spaces with specific vegetation composition. The results reveal that from the 26 plant species that planted to green the areas, over 69% vegetation is suitable to be planted while 31% vegetation is moderately suitable. The majority of these plants are from the Fabaceae, with 34% of the vegetation in the green areas, followed by Anacardiaceae at 31%. The remaining species are moderately suitable, with Verbenaceae having 7% and the rest at 4% each. The vegetation in these areas plays various roles, such as filtering solid particles, absorbing cement dust, suppressing noise, reducing acid rain impacts, increasing water infiltration, improving aesthetics, and conserving groundwater. These roles are crucial for Kupang's urban environment, which faces potential environmental issues such as air pollution, solid particle pollution, drought, and noise pollution. The results indicate that the vegetation used to green the areas can create significant roles for the urban environment and the people.

IDENTIFICATION OF FRUIT FLIES ON BITTER MELON PLANTS (Momordica charantia L.) IN TUNAS MUDA BURAEN FARMING GROUP BURAEN VILLAGE, SOUTH AMARASI SUBDISTRICT, KUPANG DISTRICT

Martyn Bunga Radja Riwu — 2024-06-30

This research aims to determine the types of fruit flies that exist in bitter
melon cultivation belonging to the Tunas Muda Buraen Farmers Group, Buraen
Village, South Amarasi District, Kupang Regency. This research was carried out on
land belonging to the Tunas Muda Buraen Farmers Group, Buraen Village, South
Amarasi District, Kupang Regency and the Plant Pest Laboratory, Faculty of
Agriculture, Nusa Cendana University in August-November 2024. The fruit flies
obtained from the traps were Bactrocera dorsali, Bactrocera papayae, and
Bactrocera carambolae. However, the species obtained from rearing is the
Bactrocera cucurbitae species, this species is a different species from the existing
trap results. The different results are thought to be because the species obtained had
different hosts, or the main host was not the bitter melon plant. The second factor is
because the rearing activity does not use all the fruit that is attacked, thus giving the
possibility that the unused fruit has been attacked by fruit flies, and the last factor is
because the traps have been set early so there is little chance for other species to
attack the bitter melon plants. From these factors, it is proven that the B. cucurbitae
species damages bitter melon plants with the intensity of damage to bitter melon fruit
being expressed as light damage intensity with an assessment of 6.21%.

PENGARUH KOMBINASI PUPUK KASCING DAN NPK PHONSKA TERHADAP KETERSDIAAN HARA NITROGEN DAN HASIL SELADA PADA INCEPTISOL DI LAHAN KERING PULAU TIMOR

Peters Bako — 2024-06-30

Lettuce cultivation on Inceptisol in the drylands of Timor Island is constrained by low
nutrient availability, especially nitrogen. The application of vermicompost fertilizer combined
with NPK Phonska fertilizer is expected to increase the availability of N and lettuce yields
through proper dosage settings. This study aims to obtain a combination dose of
vermicompost and NPK Phonska fertilizer that gives the best effect on the availability of N
and lettuce yield on Inceptisol in drylands of Timor Island. The research was designed in a
single factor experiment using a completely randomized design. The treatments tested were
the doses of combined vermicompost and NPK phonska fertilizers, namely: control/no
fertilizer application (P0); 20t.ha-1 vermicompost + 200kg.ha-1 NPK phonska (P1), 20t.ha-1
vermicompost + 400kg.ha-1 NPK phonska (P2); 30t. ha-1 landfill + 200kg.ha-1 NPK
phonska (P3); 30t.ha-1 landfill + 400kg.ha-1 NPK phonska (P4); 40t.ha-1 landfill +
200kg.ha-1 NPK phonska (P5); and 40t.ha-1 landfill + 400kg.ha-1 NPK phonska (P6). Each treatment was made in 3 replications so that 21 experimental units were obtained. The results
showed that: (1) all treatments of combined doses of vermicompost and NPK Phonska
fertilizers gave values of soil N-total content and plant tissue N that were significantly
different from the control treatment, but no significant differences were found between the
doses of combined vermicompost and NPK Phonska fertilizers; (2) the treatment of 40t.ha-1
vermicompost + 400kg.ha-1 NPK Phonska produced the highest fresh weight per lettuce
plant which was not significantly different from the treatment of 40t.ha-1 vermicompost +
200kg.ha-1 NPK Phonska but significantly different from all other treatments. There was no
best combination dose treatment of vermicompost and NPK Phonska fertilizer in this study.

DAMAGE LEVEL OF COFFEE FRUIT BY THE COFFEE FRUIT BORER (Hypothenemus hampei) IN WATUMBELAR VILLAGE, LEWA TIDAHU DISTRICT, EAST SUMBA REGENCY

Titik Sri Harini — 2024-06-30

This research aims to determine the level of damage to coffee cherries caused by the coffee
berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) in Watumbelar Village, Lewa Tidahu District, East Sumba
Regency, on coffee plantations owned by farmers in Watumbelar Village, Lewa Tidahu District,
Sumba Regency. East. The method used in this research is a survey method with direct observation
techniques on coffee plants to obtain data on the development of damage intensity and the level of
damage caused by coffee berry borers. To observe the intensity of damage, 5 coffee farmers/land
owners were determined or selected. The area of each land/coffee plantation used as a sample plot
is 1 ha. Observations were carried out using the diagonal method, and each plot consisted of 5 sub
plots measuring 5x5m². From the land area/expanse of coffee plantations owned by 5 farmers, the
number of all plants as observation samples for each farmer's garden was 25 trees, so the total
number of coffee plants observed was 125 trees. Observations were carried out 8 times with an
observation interval of 1 time a week, and carried out in the morning (07.00 WITA-finish).
Symptoms of coffee fruit damage caused by H. hampei in Watumbelar Village are that the coffee

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL STUDY ON THE POTENTIAL HERBAL PLANTS IN THE TRADITIONAL MARKETS OF KUPANG EAST NUSA TENGGARA

Muhammad Soimin — 2024-06-30

Indonesia, a tropical forest country with enormous biodiversity, has a significant potential for herbal plants, which can be used as medicines and natural remedies. These plants are abundant in densely forested areas and can also be found in traditional markets, contributing to economic growth and preserving traditional culture. Traditional markets offer a variety of herbal plants, including ginger, turmeric, galangal, lime, and pepper, which have been used for centuries in Indonesian cuisine. Local communities can easily access these affordable medicinal plants, especially those with limited access to modern health services. However, limited studies have explored the variety and potential economic market values of these plants, particularly in Kupang East Nusa Tenggara. Therefore, we conducted an etnopharmacological study on the potential herbal plants in the traditional markets of Kupang. 25 herbal plant species from 14 families in four traditional markets in Kupang revealed their potential for health and economic benefits. These plants contain various pharmacological components, including anti-oxydant, anti-bacteria, anti-inflammation, and anti-viral properties. Along with health benefits, the circulation of these plants in the traditional markets in Kupang can not only create economic benefits but also can also promote the preservation of indigenous cultural heritage and the sustainability of traditional practices as well as biodiversity conservation.

ASSESSING MANGROVE HEALTHINESS LEVEL OF MANGROVES ALONG THE OESAPA COASTLINE USING THE MONMANG APP

Muhammad Soimin — 2024-06-30

Despite being considered one of the most important ecosystems on earth, mangrove forests have been threatened by humans, which can lead to global mangrove loss. Therefore, the restoration of mangroves on both a global and a certain spatial scale is required. One of the mangroves that benefit local communities ecologically is occurring along the Oseapa coastline in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Province. In order to successfully restore degraded mangroves, a comprehensive assessment of their healthiness level is necessary. Hence, the MonMang Android-based application developed by BRIN can be used to collect the data within observation transects and plots and then analyze the healthiness level. The Oesapa mangrove forest is a habtat for 8 mangrove species belonging to 5 families. They are Avicennia alba, Avicennia marina, Ceriops tagal, Lumnitzera racemosa, Sonneratia alba, Rhizopora mucronata, Rhizopora apiculata, and Xylocarpus sp. The MonMang application reveals that the overall mangrove healthiness is at Moderate level. In addition, we found that Site 2 has the lowest Mangrove Health Index (MHI) value, with an average of 35.00-65.00. This indicates that the reforestation is strongly suggested in this area. It can be prioritized for restoration efforts to improve healthiness and mangrove cover. The spatial re-plantation also needs to be conducted in other locations within Oesapa mangrove forest which possess Moderate level of mangrove healthiness. Moreover, stump occurrence and garbage coverage vary across the observation sites. Site 2 has the highest proportion of stump occurrence, possibly due to past mangrove dieback. Garbage coverage varies across the sites, with plots closest to seaward having the lowest coverage and those close to settlements having the highest. These findings highlight the need for further restoration efforts to maintain the sustainability of mangrove forest along the Oesapa coastline.

PENGARUH APLIKASI LIMBAH CAIR TAHU DENGAN KONSENTRASI YANG BERBEDA TERHADAP KETERSEDIAAN HARA FOSFOR DAN HASIL TANAMAN LOBAK PADA ALFISOL DI LAHAN KERING PULAU TIMOR

Peters Bako — 2024-06-30

Lobak merupakan jenis tanaman sayuran bernilai gizi tinggi yang bermanfaat bagi
kesehatan tubuh dan memiliki manfaat ekonomis lain yakni bahan baku industri tekstil dan
kertas. Alfisol di lahan kering Pulau Timor berpeluang untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai lahan
budidaya lobak namun perlu disertai dengan pengelolaan yang optimal berkaitan dengan
tingkat ketersediaan hara yang rendah terutama fosfor. Penggunaan limbah cair tahu dapat
menjadi alternatif peningkatan hara P dan hasil lobak karena mengandung unsur hara yang
relatif tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan konsentrasi
limbah cair tahu terhadap ketersediaan hara P dan hasil lobak pada Alfisol di lahan kering
Pulau Timor. Penelitian dirancang dalam percobaan berpola faktor tunggal menggunakan
rancangan acak lengkap. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah konsentrasi limbah cair tahu yakni:
tanpa aplikasi limbah cair tahu/kontrol (P0), konsentrasi limbah cair tahu 15% (P1), 30%
(P2), 45% (P3), dan 60% (P4). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan; (1) aplikasi limbah cair tahu
dengan konsentrasi sebesar 15,%, 30%, 45%, dan 60% mampu meningkatkan kandungan Ptotal

tanah sebesar 16,35% - 122,82%, total jumlah daun per tanaman sebesar 14,75% -
32,79%, panjang umbi sebesar 7,64% - 23,90%, volume umbi sebesar 1,21% - 73,17%, dan
bobot segar umbi per tanaman sebesar 0,62 – 76,47% dibanding perlakuan kontrol; dan (2)
perlakuan konsentrasi limbah cair tahu 60% menghasilkan kandungan P-tersedia tanah
tertinggi yang berbeda signifikan dibanding perlakuan lainnya, sedangkan untuk parameter
hasil tanaman, bobot segar umbi tertinggi dicapai pada perlakuan konsentrasi limbah cair
tahu 60% yang berbeda tidak signifikan dengan perlakuan konsentrasi 45% namun berbeda
signifikan dengan perlakuan lainnya.

IDENTIFICATION OF BAMBOO TYPE DIVERSITY AND USES IN LIMAG RAYA VILLAGE, RAYA DISTRICT . SIMALUNGUN DISTRICT.

Tri Astuti — 2024-06-30

Bamboo plants belong to the Gramineae family (grasses). Bamboo has a vital role in
people's ecological, economic, and socio-cultural aspects. The high role of bamboo in people's
lives is significant, especially in the Simalungun Regency area, to know the types of bamboo that
people use. This research aims to determine the diversity of bamboo types and their uses in
Limag Raya village, Raya District, Simalungun Regency. The research was conducted in
February-March 2023 in Limag Raya Village, Raya District, Simalungun Regency, North
Sumatra Province. The object of this research is bamboo plants ( Bambusa sp.) found during
field activities. The materials used in the research consisted of tally sheets and questionnaires,
plots measuring 25m x 25m, and Results observed in the field. There are seven types, namely:
ampel bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris), butar bamboo (Gigantochloa sp), lemang bamboo
(Schizostachyum brachycladum), rope bamboo (Gigantochloa apus), oil bamboo, betung bamboo
(Dendrocalamus asper), and Sonduk bamboo or ater bamboo (Gigantochloa atter), the INP of the
ampel bamboo type has an INP of 65.61%, Lemang bamboo INP of 49.24%, Butar bamboo INP
of 26.95%, Sonduk bamboo INP of 16.84% oil bamboo type INP is 12.66%, Betung bamboo has
an INP value of 12.60%, and Tali bamboo ( Gigantochloa atter ) has an INP value of 16.10%.
Local people use bamboo for handicrafts, such as making baskets (agricultural harvesting
containers), coffee-drying places, tampahs, fences, household utensils, building construction
(huts), and traditional musical instruments (suling).

DIVERSITY OF INSECT PESTS AND NATURAL ENEMIES IN INTERCROPPING CORN AND PEANUT PLANTS IN OEMASI VILLAGE, NEKAMESE SUB-DISTRICT, KUPANG DISTRICT

Seviana Jebe — 2024-06-30

Maize and groundnuts are commodities that are always cultivated by farmers, including in East Nusa Tenggara Province. The cropping system of these two commodities also varies, both with monoculture and intercropping patterns. The main obstacle that is often faced in the cultivation of corn and peanut plants is the attack of pests and pathogens that cause disease. This study aims to determine the types of insect pests and natural enemies in intercropping corn and peanut plants, the population of each type of insect and the diversity index of insect pests and natural enemies in intercropping corn and peanuts. This study used a survey method with direct observation techniques on each trap. Sampling techniques were carried out using yellow traps and tools in the form of swing nets. From the sampling results found 7 species of pests and 4 species of natural enemies in intercropping corn and peanuts in Oemasi Village, The most pest population found in intercropping corn and peanuts is Helicoverpa armigera and the least is Anoplocnemis phasiana The population of natural enemies found in intercropping corn and peanuts is Solenopsis geminata, The diversity index of insect pests and natural enemies in intercropping corn and peanuts is included in the medium category.

THE EFFECT OF SEVERAL HOST TYPES ON THE GROWTH OF SANDALWOOD (Santalum album) SEED FROM TWO DIFFERENT SEED SOURCES

Albert Thius — 2024-06-30

Sandalwood (Santalum album) has hemiparasitic properties with a character as a root parasite,
which is characterized by the formation of haustoria to connect sandalwood roots with host plant
roots. It is this hemiparasitic nature that causes sandalwood during the growth period to require the
presence of other plants around it which act as hosts. Many sandalwood seedlings fail to germinate
or grow very slowly due to being planted without a host.
This study aims to determine the growth effect of sandalwood seedlings from different seed sources
on various types of hosts. The method used was a one-factor Completely Randomized Design
(CRD), namely the influence of host species. Host types consist of Lamtoro, Kaliandra, Turi, and
Moringa. The source of the seeds came from South Timor Tengah Selatan
(X) and Alor Regency (Y).
The results of the study based on the analysis of variance showed that the treatment of host
plants had an effect on the growth of sandalwood. The results of the analysis of variance for each
observation parameter also showed that the average growth rate was not much different between the
two seed sources, but in general the growth of sandalwood seedlings from South Central Timor
district had a higher average value than that of seed sources from Alor. So if we look at it based on
the average value of growth, the growth of sandalwood seedlings from Timor Tengah Selatan is
better than the growth of sandalwood seedlings from Alor.

SURVEY OF HABITAT CHARACTERISTICS AND FOREST BEEHIVE TREES OF Apis dorsata SPECIES IN MUTIS TIMAU PROTECTED FOREST AREA

Melan I Mesakh — 2024-06-30

Non-Timber Forest Products ( NTFPs) are one of the forest resources that have comparative advantages and are in direct contact with communities around the forest. NTFPs in East Nusa Tenggara Province, which has potential is honey derived from the forest honey bee Apis dorsata.
This research was conducted by observation, and interviews. Forest Bees (Apis dorsata) in Nenas village always keep the same nest tree for nenas every year or period. In Nenas village there are 7 trees with 5 active nest trees and 2 inactive nest trees, which are the breeding place for Apis dorsata forest honey bees, with tree species such as Banyan (Ficus benjamin), Angkai (Albizzia chinensis), Bonak (Tetrameles nudiflora), Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra), and Cassowary (Casuarina). With a dense canopy cover of about 80% and with an average tree height of 29 m and a nest height of about 20 m, with a tree diameter of 70-150 cm, the number of clones / nest trees of 10-20. Forest beehive trees at the study site are at an altitude (elevation) of 1,285-2,500 mdpl, and a slope level of 60%, with a humid climate that rains 2000-3000 mm / year. With a climate of 140C-290C and at extreme conditions at a temperature of 90C. Conditions of temperature and rainfall greatly affect the quality of food from forest honey bees the harvesting process is still very traditional using climbing and smoke methods and traditional ceremonies which are carried out at night.
Nenas Village is still included in a protected forest area managed by the Forestry Service and there is no permit for traditional honey bee to take the honey because the Apis dorsata forest honey bee tree is community property or private property which is a relic from ancient times. The age range of respondents is 30-70 years, with the highest education are high school and university graduated, and local people work as farmers and ranchers.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN PUPUK ORGANIK KOTORAN SAPI DAN MULSA PLASTIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL CABAI RAWIT (Capsium frutescens L.)

Muhammad Kasim — 2024-07-02

This research was carried out from March to July 2023 in the Fatukoa-Maulafa sub-district of Kupang, with the aim of determining the response to growth and yield of cayenne pepper plants (Capsium frutescens L.) due to the influence of doses of cow dung manure and the application of plastic mulch. This research is a factorial research using a Randomized Group Design (RAK). The factors tested consisted of the plastic mulch factor (M) with 2 levels, namely without mulching (m0) and black plastic mulch (m1) and the dose of cow dung organic fertilizer factor (K) consisting of 4 levels, namely without giving a fertilizer dose. cow manure (k0), cow manure organic fertilizer dose 10 tons ha-1, cow manure organic fertilizer dose 20 tons ha-1, and cow manure organic fertilizer dose 30 tons ha-1, so there are 8 treatment combinations. Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. The data obtained was analyzed using variance analysis, and if the results of variance analysis showed a real effect, a test was carried out using the advanced Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level. The results of this study indicate that the interaction of the dose of cow dung manure with plastic mulch has a significant effect on the average LAB, average LTR, and weight of cayenne pepper fruit per plant, but the interaction has no significant effect on plant height, number of productive branches, and number of chili fruit per plant.