LANDING SITE PREDILEKSI LALAT SUMBA (Hippobosca sp.) PADA SAPI BALI
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Julianty Almet(1*)
Laboratorium Parasitologi Veteriner Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Nusa Cendana
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Lidya Emmanuela Ngefak(2)
Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
Aji Winarso(3)
Laboratorium Parasitologi Veteriner Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Nusa Cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Landing site, Hippobosca sp., Bali cattle
Abstract
The development of cattle farming in East Nusa Tenggara is one of the potential contributors to support local demands. In order to achive this goal, cattle have to be free from the disease and parasites. One of the most common ecto- parasites that also serve as disease vector is bitting flies. Hippobosca sp. is bitting flies that commonly breed in the semi-arid tropics area with low rate of rainfall and high temperature such as East Nusa Tenggara Province. The aims of this research are to observe and determine the landing site of Hippobosca sp. in certain area of the cattle and to identify the predilection of Hippobosca sp. in Bali cattle. This research conducted in two different Bali cattle farms, Agricultural High School of Kupang in Kupang District and Neotnana Farmers Group in Kupang City. The observation was conducted to measure flies landing activity on five cows of each farm. The activity of the flies were observed in 5 major body regio, head area, neck area, thoraco-abdominal area, extremity area and perineal area. Landing flies was collected every 2 hours from 06:00 till 18:00 local time, and pooled based on body area they collected from. This procedure repeated 8 times in 4 weeks in each farm. The result showed that neck area is as the major landing site predilection of Hippobosca sp. in Bali Cattle. Neck area showed the highest density of landing flies, with total 3313 flies observed, followed by thoraco-abdominal, perineal, extremity and head area, with total amount of 2811, 1689, 1037, and 172 flies, respectively.
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References
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Braverman, Y. 1988, Preferred Landing Sites Of Culicoides Species (Diptera: Ceratopogondae) On A Horse In Israel And Its Relevance To Suummer Seasonal Recurett Dermatitis (Sweet Itch). Equina Vet J. 20(6):426-429.
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Guntoro, S. 2002, Membudidayakan Sapi Bali. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
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Halos L, Jamal T, Maillard R, Girard B, Guillot J, Chomel B, Vayssier-Taussat M, Boulouis HJ. 2004. Role of Hippoboscidae flies as potential vectors of Bartonella spp. infecting wild and domestic ruminants. Appl Environ Microbiol. 70(10):6302-6305.
Hastutiek, P. dan L. E Fitri, 2007, Potensi Musca domestica Linn. Sebagai Vektor Beberapa Penyakit. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya, XXIII(3): 125-136.
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Lehane, M.J. 2005, The Biology Of Blood Sucking Insects. Second Edition. New York (US): Cambridge Univ Pr.
Lloyd, E.J. 2002, Medical And Veterinary Entomology. Mullen G Dan Durden L, Editor. London (GB): Academic Pr.
Mullens, B.A., Lii K.S., Mao Y., Meyer J.A., Peterson N.G., Szijj C.E. 2006, Behavioural Responses Of Dairy Cattle To The Stable Fly, Stomoxys Calcitrans, In An Open Field Environment. Med Vet Entomol. 20(1):122-137.
Mwkozlowski,. 2011, Diptera. Http:// 72. 44. 83.99/ Photogallery. Photo _Id=796.
Nulik, J., Yusuf, Marawali H. 2004, Pengembangan Usaha Sapi Potong Dalam Mendukung Agribisnis Yang Berdaya Saing Di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Lokakarya Nasional Sapi Potong. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian.
Ostrolenk, M., Welch H. 1942, The Common House Fly (Musca Domestica) As A Source Of Pollution In Food Establishments. Food Research.;Vol 7:Pp : 192 – 200
Parashar, B.D., Gupta G.P., Rao K.M. 2008, Control of the haematophagous fly Hippobosca maculata, a serius pest of equinus by deltamethrin. J Med Vet Ent 5 (3) 363–368.
Partosoedjono, S., Soekardono S. 1984, Beberapa Pengendalian Insektisida Untuk Pengendalian Lalat-Lalat Pengganggu Dan Pengisap Darah Pada Ternak Di Indonesia. Wartazoa. 1(3):25–29.
Putra, A.K. 2016, Ragam Jenis Dan Aktivitas Lalat Di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor. {Tesis]: Sekolah Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Putra, J. 2012, Identifikasi Lalat Sumba (Hippobosca Sp.) Pada Sapi Perah Di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor. {Skripsi] : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Rasyaf. 1999. Beternak Ayam Pedaging. Cetakan keempat. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya
Rani, PAMA, Coleman G.T., Irwin P.J., Traub R.J. 2011, Hippobosca longipennis a potential intermediate host of a species of Acanthocheilonema in dogs in northern India. J Par Vet 4:143–157.
Ready, P.D., Testa J.M., Wardhana A.H., Al-Izzi M., Khalaj M., Hall M.J.R. 2009, Phylogeography And Recent Emergence Of The Old World Screwworm Fly, Chrysomya Bezziana, Based On Mitochondrial And Nuclear Gene Sequences. Med Vet Entomol. 23:43-50.
Romaniuk K., Gad K., Kiszka W. 2007. Występowanie muchówki Hippobosca equina u koników polskich. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63: 1100-1101.
Sanson, D.W., De-Rosa A.A., Oremus G.R., Foil L.D. 2003, Effect of horn fly and internal parasite control on growth of beef heifers. Vet Parasitol. 117(4):291- 300.
Skovgard, H., Nachman G. 2012, Population Dynamics Of Stable Fly Stomoxys Calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) At An Organic Dairy Farm In Denmark Based On Mark- Recapture With Destructive Sub-Sampling. 2012. Environment Entomol. 41(1):20-29.
Siregar, S. B. 2008, Penggemukan Sapi Edisi Revisi. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta
Soulsby, E.J.L. 1982, Helminths, Arthopods And Protozoa Of Domesticated Animals. Ed Ke-7. The English Language Book Society, Bailiere Tindall, London.
Sokół, R., Michalski M.M. 2015, Occurrence of Hippobosca equina in Polish primitive horses during the grazing season. Annals of Parasitology, 61(2), 119– 124.
Syafrial, Endang S., Bustami. 2007, Manajemen Pengelolaan Penggemukan Sapi Potong. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jambi.
Taylor, M. A., Coop R.L., Wall, R. L. 2007, Veterinary Parasitology. Third Edition. Oxford : Blackwell Publishing
Taylor, M.A, Coop R.L., Wall R.L. 1996, Veterinary Parasitoloy. Hongkong: Graphicraft Limited.
Torr, S. J., Maudlin I., And Vale G. A. 2007, Less Is More: Restricted Application Of Insecticide To Cattle To Improve The Cost And Efficacy Of Tsetse Control. Medical And Veterinary Entomology. 21:53– 64
Velayutham, K., Rahuman A.A., Rajakumar G., Santhoskumar T., Marimuthu S., Jayaseelan C., Bagavan A., Kirthi AV., Kamaraj C et al. 2012, Evaluation of catharantas roseous left extract-mediated biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles against Hippobosca maculata and bovicola ovis. Par Res. 111(6): 2329–37.
Wall, R., Shearer D. 1997, Veterinary Entomology. Great Britain (UK): TJ. International Ltd, Pardslow, Cornwall.
Walravens, E. 2010, Dipteres.[terhubung berkala] http://www. afblum. Be/bioafb/especes/dipteres/dipteres.htm.
Yulianto, P. 2010, Pembesaran Sapi Potong secara Intensif. Jakarta (ID) : Penebar Swadaya.
Alam, M.J., Zurek, L., 2004, Association Of Escherichia Coli O157:H7 With Houseflies On A Cattle Farm, Appl Environ Microbiol. 70(12):7578-7580.
Astuti, D.A. 2009, Petunjuk Praktis Menggemukkan Domba, Kambing, dan Sapi Potong. AgroMedia. Jakarta.
[BPS NTT] Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. 2016, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Dalam Angka 2016. Kupang.
Beresford DV, Sutcliffe J.F., 2009, Local Infestation Or Long- Distance Migration? The Seasonal Recolonization Of Dairy Farms By Stomoxys Calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) In South Central Ontario, Canada. J Econom Entomol. 102(2):788-798.
Braverman, Y. 1988, Preferred Landing Sites Of Culicoides Species (Diptera: Ceratopogondae) On A Horse In Israel And Its Relevance To Suummer Seasonal Recurett Dermatitis (Sweet Itch). Equina Vet J. 20(6):426-429.
Feati, 2011, Teknologi Penggemukan Sapi Bali. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian. Nusa Tenggara Barat.
Guntoro, S. 2002, Membudidayakan Sapi Bali. Kanisius. Yogyakarta.
Hadi, U.K., dan Soviana S. 2010, Hama Ektoparasit: Pengenalan, Identifikasi, Dan Pengendaliannya. Bogor (ID): IPB Pr.
Hadi, U.K., Koesharto F.X. 2006, Hama Pemukiman Indonesia. Editor. Bogor (ID): UKPHP FKH IPB.
Halos L, Jamal T, Maillard R, Girard B, Guillot J, Chomel B, Vayssier-Taussat M, Boulouis HJ. 2004. Role of Hippoboscidae flies as potential vectors of Bartonella spp. infecting wild and domestic ruminants. Appl Environ Microbiol. 70(10):6302-6305.
Hastutiek, P. dan L. E Fitri, 2007, Potensi Musca domestica Linn. Sebagai Vektor Beberapa Penyakit. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya, XXIII(3): 125-136.
Hau, K. D., 2015, Penyakit-Penyakit Zoonosis di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Lokakarya Nasional Penyakit Zoonosis. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi (BPTP) Nusa Tenggara Timur.
Himawan, F.P. 2014, Dinamika Populasi Lalat Sumba (Hippobosca Equina) Di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor. {Skripsi] : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Hogsette, J., Urech, R., Green, P., Skerman, A., Elson, M., Bright, R., Brown, G., 2012, Nuisance flies on Australian cattle feedlots: immature populations. Med Vet Entomol. 26:46-55.
Kaufman, P.E., Rutz D.A., Frisch S. 2005, Large Sticky Traps For Capturing House Flies And Stable Flies In Dairy Calf Greenhouse Facillities. J Dairy Sci. 88:176-181.
Kaufmann, J. 1996, Parasitic Infection Of Domestic Animals: A Diagnostic Manual. Animal Health Division. Basel. Switzerland.
Keetle, D.S. 1984, Medical And Veterinary Entomology. Sidney (AT) : Croom Helm Australia Pty Ltd.
[Kemenkes] Kementrian Kesehatan. 2012. Pedoman tehnis pengendalian lalat. [Internet].Hlm1- 11.www.depkes.go.id/download/pengendalian%20lalat.
Khoobdel, M., Akbarzadeh K., Jafari H., Mehrabi T., Izadi M., Mosavi J., Bahmani M., Salari M., Akhoond M., Rahimi, Esfahani A, Nobakht M., Rafienejad J. 2013, Diversity and Abundance of Medically- Important Flies in the Iranian Triple Islands; the Greater Tunb, Lesser Tunb and Abu- Musa. Iranian Journal of Military Medicine Vol. 14, No. 4, Winter; 327-336.
Lancaster, J.L., Meisch M.V. 1986, Arthropods In Livestock And Poultry Production. Chicester (GB): Ellis Horwood Ltd.
Lehane, M.J. 2005, The Biology Of Blood Sucking Insects. Second Edition. New York (US): Cambridge Univ Pr.
Lloyd, E.J. 2002, Medical And Veterinary Entomology. Mullen G Dan Durden L, Editor. London (GB): Academic Pr.
Mullens, B.A., Lii K.S., Mao Y., Meyer J.A., Peterson N.G., Szijj C.E. 2006, Behavioural Responses Of Dairy Cattle To The Stable Fly, Stomoxys Calcitrans, In An Open Field Environment. Med Vet Entomol. 20(1):122-137.
Mwkozlowski,. 2011, Diptera. Http:// 72. 44. 83.99/ Photogallery. Photo _Id=796.
Nulik, J., Yusuf, Marawali H. 2004, Pengembangan Usaha Sapi Potong Dalam Mendukung Agribisnis Yang Berdaya Saing Di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Lokakarya Nasional Sapi Potong. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian.
Ostrolenk, M., Welch H. 1942, The Common House Fly (Musca Domestica) As A Source Of Pollution In Food Establishments. Food Research.;Vol 7:Pp : 192 – 200
Parashar, B.D., Gupta G.P., Rao K.M. 2008, Control of the haematophagous fly Hippobosca maculata, a serius pest of equinus by deltamethrin. J Med Vet Ent 5 (3) 363–368.
Partosoedjono, S., Soekardono S. 1984, Beberapa Pengendalian Insektisida Untuk Pengendalian Lalat-Lalat Pengganggu Dan Pengisap Darah Pada Ternak Di Indonesia. Wartazoa. 1(3):25–29.
Putra, A.K. 2016, Ragam Jenis Dan Aktivitas Lalat Di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor. {Tesis]: Sekolah Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Putra, J. 2012, Identifikasi Lalat Sumba (Hippobosca Sp.) Pada Sapi Perah Di Kawasan Usaha Peternakan Sapi Perah Cibungbulang Kabupaten Bogor. {Skripsi] : Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan. Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Rasyaf. 1999. Beternak Ayam Pedaging. Cetakan keempat. Jakarta: Penebar Swadaya
Rani, PAMA, Coleman G.T., Irwin P.J., Traub R.J. 2011, Hippobosca longipennis a potential intermediate host of a species of Acanthocheilonema in dogs in northern India. J Par Vet 4:143–157.
Ready, P.D., Testa J.M., Wardhana A.H., Al-Izzi M., Khalaj M., Hall M.J.R. 2009, Phylogeography And Recent Emergence Of The Old World Screwworm Fly, Chrysomya Bezziana, Based On Mitochondrial And Nuclear Gene Sequences. Med Vet Entomol. 23:43-50.
Romaniuk K., Gad K., Kiszka W. 2007. Występowanie muchówki Hippobosca equina u koników polskich. Medycyna Weterynaryjna 63: 1100-1101.
Sanson, D.W., De-Rosa A.A., Oremus G.R., Foil L.D. 2003, Effect of horn fly and internal parasite control on growth of beef heifers. Vet Parasitol. 117(4):291- 300.
Skovgard, H., Nachman G. 2012, Population Dynamics Of Stable Fly Stomoxys Calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) At An Organic Dairy Farm In Denmark Based On Mark- Recapture With Destructive Sub-Sampling. 2012. Environment Entomol. 41(1):20-29.
Siregar, S. B. 2008, Penggemukan Sapi Edisi Revisi. Penebar Swadaya, Jakarta
Soulsby, E.J.L. 1982, Helminths, Arthopods And Protozoa Of Domesticated Animals. Ed Ke-7. The English Language Book Society, Bailiere Tindall, London.
Sokół, R., Michalski M.M. 2015, Occurrence of Hippobosca equina in Polish primitive horses during the grazing season. Annals of Parasitology, 61(2), 119– 124.
Syafrial, Endang S., Bustami. 2007, Manajemen Pengelolaan Penggemukan Sapi Potong. Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Jambi.
Taylor, M. A., Coop R.L., Wall, R. L. 2007, Veterinary Parasitology. Third Edition. Oxford : Blackwell Publishing
Taylor, M.A, Coop R.L., Wall R.L. 1996, Veterinary Parasitoloy. Hongkong: Graphicraft Limited.
Torr, S. J., Maudlin I., And Vale G. A. 2007, Less Is More: Restricted Application Of Insecticide To Cattle To Improve The Cost And Efficacy Of Tsetse Control. Medical And Veterinary Entomology. 21:53– 64
Velayutham, K., Rahuman A.A., Rajakumar G., Santhoskumar T., Marimuthu S., Jayaseelan C., Bagavan A., Kirthi AV., Kamaraj C et al. 2012, Evaluation of catharantas roseous left extract-mediated biosynthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles against Hippobosca maculata and bovicola ovis. Par Res. 111(6): 2329–37.
Wall, R., Shearer D. 1997, Veterinary Entomology. Great Britain (UK): TJ. International Ltd, Pardslow, Cornwall.
Walravens, E. 2010, Dipteres.[terhubung berkala] http://www. afblum. Be/bioafb/especes/dipteres/dipteres.htm.
Yulianto, P. 2010, Pembesaran Sapi Potong secara Intensif. Jakarta (ID) : Penebar Swadaya.
Published
2019-06-11
How to Cite
Almet, J., Ngefak, L., & Winarso, A. (2019). LANDING SITE PREDILEKSI LALAT SUMBA (Hippobosca sp.) PADA SAPI BALI. JURNAL KAJIAN VETERINER, 5(1), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.35508/jkv.v5i1.1662
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Articles
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