Analisis Tampilan Pasar Ternak Kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua

Analysis of Goat Market Presentation in Sabu Raijua Regency

Abstract

This study aims to examine the marketing structure of goats in Sabu Raijua Regency by identifying
marketing channels, analyzing marketing margins, and calculating the farmer's share. The research
employed a field survey technique with a systematic four-stage sampling procedure. In the first stage,
sample sub-districts were selected using purposive sampling. In the second stage, sample villages were
also determined through purposive sampling. The third stage involved the selection of farmer
respondents using non-proportional random sampling, while the fourth stage determined trader
respondents through the snowball sampling technique. Following the purposive selection of Raijua and
West Sabu sub-districts, four sample villages were chosen. Through non-proportional random sampling,
a total of 120 farmers were included in the sample, while the snowball sampling technique was used to
identify local collectors and inter-island traders. The results reveal the existence of two marketing
channel models: direct and indirect channels. Quantitative analysis shows that the total marketing
margin reaches IDR 23,210,856 per livestock unit (LU), distributed between local collectors at IDR
10,353,714/LU and inter-island traders at IDR 12,857,142/LU. Furthermore, the farmer's share value
reaches 66.67%. This high proportion of the price received by farmers indicates that the goat marketing
mechanism in Sabu Raijua Regency has been operating efficiently. These findings provide an important
overview for the development of livestock distribution policies in archipelagic regions.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji struktur pemasaran ternak kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua melalui identifikasi saluran pemasaran, analisis margin pemasaran, serta penghitungan farmer’s share. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik survei lapangan pada komunitas peternakan kambing lokal.  Proses empat langkah yang sistematis digunakan untuk melakukan pengambilan sampel.  Empat desa contoh dipilih setelah Kecamatan Raijua dan Sabu Barat dipilih secara purposif pada langkah pertama.  Menggunakan pengambilan sampel acak non-proporsional, jumlah petani dalam sampel ditemukan sebanyak 120.sementara sampel pedagang ditentukan melalui teknik snowball sampling hingga menjaring pedagang pengumpul dan pedagang antar-pulau. Hasil penelitian mengungkap keberadaan dua model saluran pemasaran, yakni saluran langsung dan tidak langsung. Analisis kuantitatif menunjukkan total margin pemasaran mencapai Rp23.210.856 per satuan ternak (ST), yang terdistribusi pada pedagang pengumpul sebesar Rp10.353.714/ST dan pedagang antar-pulau sebesar Rp12.857.142/ST. Selain itu, nilai farmer’s share yang diterima peternak mencapai 66,67%. Tingginya proporsi harga yang diterima peternak tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa mekanisme pemasaran ternak kambing di Kabupaten Sabu Raijua telah berjalan secara efisien. Hasil ini memberikan gambaran penting bagi pengembangan kebijakan distribusi ternak di wilayah kepulauan.