ANALISIS GARIS ALIRAN (STREAMLINE) PADA TURBIN ANGIN SUMBU HORIZONTAL TIPE PROPELER TIGA BLADE ROTOR GANDA DENGAN METODE CFD (COMPULATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS)
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Fernanda Yusuf Hangge(1*)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
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Verdy A. Koehuan(2)
Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Sains dan Teknik Universitas Nusa Cendana
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Wenseslaus Bunganaen(3)
Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Fakultas Sains dan Teknik Universitas Nusa Cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola garis aliran fluida melewati rotor turbin angin sumbu horisontal atau horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) tipe propeler tiga blade rotor ganda kontra rotasi (double rotor counter-rotation) melalui metode computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Hasil simulasi CFD rotor turbin CRWT dengan penurunan skala geometri menunjukkan turbin cenderung beroperasi pada TSR rendah. Rotor depan turbin CRWT cenderung beroperasi dengan koefisien daya dan TSR yang lebih tinggi dari rotor belakang. Garis aliran (streamline) pada bidang horizontal arah aksial CRWT mengkonfirmasi pengaruhnya terutama aliran di sekitar permukaan blade terhadap performa CRWT. Garis aliran pada permukaan blade rotor depan dan rotor belakang pada turbin CRWT terhadap penurunan skala geometeri (FC = 0,25 dan 0,26 serta 0,3), dimana turbin beroperasi di TSR rendah sangat berbeda dari CRWT pada skala penuh (FC=1,0). Karena CRWT dengan penurunan factor skala geometri rotor yang membuat turbin beroperasi pada TSR rendah ini menyebabkan terjadinya separasi dan vortex di sekitar permukaan blade yang sangat kuat sehingga terjadi peningkatan gaya hambat dan penurunan gaya angkat. Peningkatan gaya hambat pada blade dapat menyebabkan penurunan torsi yang dibangkitkan oleh rotor turbin yang akibatnya menurunkan daya turbin.
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