PENGARUH FAKTOR SOSIAL EKONOMI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN USAHATANI PADI SAWAH (Studi Kasus Gapoktan Tunmoni, Desa Noelbaki, Kecamatan Kupang Tengah, Kabupaten Kupang)

THE EFFECT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS ON RICE FIELD FARMING INCOME (Case Study of GapoktanTunmoni, Noelbaki Village, Kupang Tengah District, Kupang Regency)

Abstract

ABSTRACT

Tunmoni Association of Farmers Group (Gapoktan Tunmoni) was a Gapoktan which was assisted by the Food Security Service of the East Nusa Tenggara Province through the Community Food Business Program (PUPM). Gapoktan Tunmoni contributed to the provision of rice through its members who conducted rice farming. However, there had been no studies that examined how much income and the factors that affected the income of rice farming in Gapoktan Tunmoni. Even though those researches were important to evaluate farming. Therefore this research was conducted with the aim to determine the effect of socio-economic factors on the income of wetland rice farming in Gapoktan Tunmoni in Noelbaki Village, Kupang Tengah District, Kupang Regency. The research was conducted from July 2018 to August 2018. Data were obtained through direct interviews with respondents, while also using the method of literature and documentation. Data were analyzed using income analysis, and multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the income analysis, the average income of wetland rice farming in Gapoktan Tunmoni was Rp.8,307,659. While from multiple linear regression analysis it was known that socio-economic factors had an effect simultaneously. While partially only formal education, land costs, labor costs, fertilizer costs, pesticide costs, post-harvest costs, and selling prices had a significant effect. Based on the coefficient of determination test, socio-economic factors had an influence of 96.2% on income.

ABSTRAK

Gabungan Kelompok Tani (Gapoktan) Tunmoni merupakan Gapoktan binaan Dinas Ketahanan Pangan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur melalui Program Usaha Pangan Masyarakat (PUPM). Gapoktan Tunmoni turut andil dalam penyediaan beras melalui anggotanya yang melakukan usahatani padi sawah. Namun, hingga kini belum ada penelitian yang menguji seberapa besar pendapatan dan faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan usahatani padi sawah pada Gapoktan Tunmoni. Padahal penelitian tersebut penting dilakukan untuk mengevaluasi suatu usahatani. Oleh karenanya penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh faktor sosial ekonomi terhadap pendapatan usahatani padi sawah pada Gapoktan Tunmoni di Desa Noelbaki, Kecamatan Kupang Tengah, Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian telah dilaksanakan dari bulan Juli 2018 hingga Agustus 2018. Data diperoleh melalui wawancara langsung dengan responden, selain itu juga menggunakan metode kepustakaan dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis pendapatan, dan analisis regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan analisis pendapatan rata-rata pendapatan usahatani padi sawah pada Gapoktan adalah sebesar Rp8.307.659. Sementara dari analisis regresi linear berganda diketahui bahwa faktor sosial ekonomi berpengaruh secara simultan. Sementara secara parsial hanya Pendidikan Formal, Biaya Lahan, Biaya Tenaga Kerja, Biaya Pupuk, Biaya Pestisida, Biaya Paska Panen, dan Harga Jual yang berpengaruh secara signifikan. Berdasarkan uji koefisien determinasi, faktor sosial ekonomi memiliki pengaruh sebesar 96,2% terhadap pendapatan.