Scaled Agile Method Design: Case Study of a SaaS Company in Indonesia
Abstract
Improving team coordination for optimal performance is one of the main challenges that organizations encounter when scaling their Agile practices. Therefore, numerous companies encounter difficulties in achieving their desired performance due to this challenge. This study aims to address the challenge by proposing a new project management method design for a Software as a Service (SaaS) company in Indonesia with ineffective project management, using a scaled Agile approach. This paper contributes to providing insight into the implementation of scaled Agile method design in an organization. The research follows qualitative methods based on the Design Science Research (DSR) methodology and the eight domains of the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK), comprising six phases and two iterations. The first iteration involves projecting the current state of the company's activities and resulting in a proposal for a new project management method. The second iteration involves developing and evaluating the proposed method against the PMBOK standard. According to the findings, there are two domains that align with PMBOK and project management in the firm, namely the Stakeholder and Cycle Performance Domains. Team Performance, Development Approach, and Life Planning Performance Domain, Project Work Performance Domain, Delivery Performance Domain, Measurement Performance Domain, and Uncertainty Performance Domain are the other domains that do not suit the standard. Adequate efficient training for team performance, fostering collaboration among team members building corporate culture, and aligning company business processes with Agile methods are essential to overcome some inconsistent results.
Downloads
References
V. Stray, R. Hoda, M. Paasivaara, V. Lenarduzzi, and D. Mendez, “Theories in Agile Software Development: Past, Present, and Future Introduction to the XP 2020 Special Section,” Information and Software Technology, vol. 152. Elsevier B.V., Dec. 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.infsof.2022.107058.
D. Rigby, J. Sutherland, and A. Noble, “Agile at Scale,” Harvard Business Review Home, 2018. [Online]. Available: https://hbr.org/2018/05/agile-at-scale. [Accessed 15 August 2023].
A. Sablis, D. Smite, and N. Moe, “Team-external coordination in large-scale software development projects,” J. Softw. Evol. Process, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 1–26, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/smr.2297.
M. Paasivaara, B. Behm, C. Lassenius, and M. Hallikainen, “Large-scale Agile transformation at Ericsson: a case study,” Empir. Softw. Eng., vol. 23, no. 5, pp. 2550–2596, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10664-017-9555-8.
A. Putta, M. Paasivaara, and C. Lassenius, “Adopting Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe): A multivocal literature review,” ACM Int. Conf. Proceeding Ser., vol. Part F1477, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/3234152.3234164.
S. Kumar, “Creating A Seamless Customer Experience In SaaS,” Forbes Business Council, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.forbes.com/sites/forbesbusinesscouncil/2022/11/04/creating-a-seamless-customer-experience-in-saas/?sh=3ea16cb12ca1. [Accessed 15 August 2023].
V. Poornachandrika and M. Venkatasudhakar, “Quality Transformation to Improve Customer Satisfaction: Using Product, Process, System and Behaviour Model,” IOP Conf. Ser. Mater. Sci. Eng., vol. 923, no. 1, pp. 1–12, 2020, doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/923/1/012034.
Project Management Institute, “Agile Practice Guide,” in Agile Practice Guide, Newton Square, 2017. [Online]. Available: https://www.pmi.org/pmbok-guide-standards/practice-guides/agile. [Accessed 15 August 2023].
A. R. Albareta and P. Mursanto, “Design of Standard Operating Procedure for Requirement Engineering in Software Development : Case Study Data Processing Integration Subdirectorate Statistics Indonesia Design of Standard Operating Procedure for Requirement Engineering in Software Developm,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1175, 2018, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1175/1/012081.
N. Seki and Y. Kohda, “Barriers and Value Co-Destruction in a B2B Project Management Context: Agile Software Development Adoption and Rejection in Japanese Organizations,” J. Creat. Value, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 155–176, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/2394964320960871.
R. Kasauli, E. Knauss, J. Horkoff, G. Liebel, and F. G. de Oliveira Neto, “Requirements engineering challenges and practices in large-scale Agile system development,” J. Syst. Softw., vol. 172, p. 110851, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2020.110851.
W. Shim and S.-W. Lee, “An Agile approach for managing requirements change to improve learning and adaptability,” J. Ind. Inf. Integr., vol. 14, pp. 16–23, 2019, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jii.2018.07.005.
G. Mudarikwa and T. D. Grace, “Agile system development methodologies usage and acceptance in South African banking firms: An exploratory analysis,” ACM Int. Conf. Proceeding Ser., pp. 248–257, 2018, doi: https://doi.org/10.1145/3278681.3278711.
L. S. Holbeche, “Organisational effectiveness and agility,” J. Organ. Eff. People Perform., vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 302–313, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.1108/JOEPP-07-2018-0044.
Y.-G. Jeong, K.-R. Park, and D.-H. Kim, “Study on management alternatives on Agile method based financial security software project,” J. Theor. Appl. Inf. Technol., vol. 96, no. 6, pp. 1690–1700, 2018, [Online]. Available: https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85044821995&partnerID=40&md5=9b3f2d853c90c35a4b10277ede5511eb.
M. C. Annosi, A. Martini, F. Brunetta, and L. Marchegiani, “Learning in an Agile setting: A multilevel research study on the evolution of organizational routines,” J. Bus. Res., vol. 110, pp. 554–566, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.05.011.
A. S. Gumilang, B. Hardian, and T. Raharjo, “Rancangan Metode Manajemen Proyek Hibrida,” Etnik : Jurnal Ekonomi - Teknik, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 321–336, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.54543/etnik.v1i5.40.
C. Larman and B. Vodde, “LeSS Framework - Large Scale Scrum (LeSS),” Less Works. 2021. [Online]. Available: https://less.works/less/framework. [Accessed 15 August 2023].
D. Leffingwell, “SAFe 6.0,” 2023. [Online]. Available: https://scaledagileframework.com/. [Accessed 15 August 2023].
S. Theobald, A. Schmitt, and P. Diebold, “Comparing Scaling Agile Frameworks Based on Underlying Practices,” Int. Conf. Agil. Softw. Dev., pp. 88–96, 2019, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-30126-2_11.
Digital.ai, “State of Agile Report,” 2022. [Online]. Available: https://digital.ai/resource-center/analyst-reports/state-of-agile-report/. [Accessed 15 August 2023]
H. Shaughnessy and F. Goulding, “Sprinting to digital transformation: a time boxed, Agile approach,” Strateg. Leadersh., vol. 49, no. 1, pp. 18–24, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/SL-12-2020-0157.
K. D. Prasetya, Suharjito, and D. Pratama, “Effectiveness Analysis of Distributed Scrum Model Compared to Waterfall approach in Third-Party Application Development,” Procedia Comput. Sci., vol. 179, pp. 103–111, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2020.12.014.
K. Schwaber and J. Sutherland, “Scrum Guide V7,” 2020. [Online]. Available: https://scrumguides.org/docs/scrumguide/v2020/2020-Scrum-Guide-US.pdf. [Accessed 15 August 2023]
J. vom Brocke, A. Hevner, and A. Maedche, “Introduction to Design Science Research,” no. November, pp. 1–13, 2020, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-46781-4_1.
N. Takagi and J. Varajão, “ISO 21500 and success management : an integrated model for project management,” Int. J. Qual. Reliab. Manag., vol. 39, no. 2, pp. 408–427, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-10-2020-0353.
M. D. Alam and U. F. Gühl, Project-Management in Practice. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2016. [Online]. Available: https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-662-52944-7. [Accessed 15 August 2023]
D. Bacciotti, Y. Borgianni, G. Cascini, and F. Rotini, “Product Planning techniques: investigating the differences between research trajectories and industry expectations,” Res. Eng. Des., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 367–389, 2016, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00163-016-0223-6.
K. Kahn, “Product Planning Essentials,” Prod. Plan. Essentials, no. 2011, p. 2023, 2014, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315701516.
M. Lovatt, “Is Solution Architecture Compatible with Agile?,” Itnow, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 54–55, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/itnow/bwac028.
Project Management Institute, Process Groups: A Practice Guide. Pennsylvania, 2022.
K. Beck et al., “Manifesto for Agile Software Development,” The Agile Alliance. pp. 12–14, 2001.
A. Kakar, “A Rhetorical Analysis of the Agile Manifesto on its 20th Anniversary,” J. South. Assoc. Inf. Syst., vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 20–29, 2023, doi: https://doi.org/doi:10.17705/3JSIS.00030.
Project Management Institute, The standard for project management and a guide to the project management body of knowledge (PMBOK guide)., 7th ed. 2021.
Copyright (c) 2023 Farah Agia Ramadhina, Teguh Raharjo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The author submitting the manuscript must understand and agree that if accepted for publication, authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.