Comparative Test of The Antibacterial Efficacy of Commercial Toothpastes Based on Betel Leaf, Siwak Combination, or Aloe Vera Materials Against Staphylococcus aureus
-
Cindy Marie Agnes Lorenza Aurelia Edon(1*)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
Prisca Deviani Pakan(2)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
Christina Olly Lada(3)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Dental health problem if not treated will cause coronary heart disesase and stroke. Toothpaste products are widely marketed to be antibacterial substances, by adding herbal active ingredient including betel leaf, siwak combination, or aloe vera.
Research Objectives: To compare the antibacterial efficacy of commercial toothpaste with betel leaf, siwak combination, or aloe vera active components against Staphylococcus aureus.
Research Methods: This study used a quasi-experimental design method with posttest–only nonequivalent control group design. The treatment group consisted of a commercial toothpaste containing the active ingredients betel leaf, siwak combination or aloe vera as well as positive control of non-herbal toothpaste, and negative control of sterile distilled water as a comparison with five repetitions for each treatment group of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The data was analyzed using the One Way ANOVA statistical test, which had a 95% confidence level. Positive inhibitory zone is characterized by a clear zone with a diameter of 5-20 mm.
Results: The One Way ANOVA analysis test showed p-value = 0.000 where there were significant differences between the treatment groups. Betel leaf toothpaste (9.44 mm) in medium category, siwak combination (13.28 mm) with strong category or aloe vera (18.24 mm) with strong category.
Conclusion: Toothpaste with active ingredients of betel leaf, siwak combination, or aloe vera have different antibacterial properties
Keywords: Toothpaste, Inhibitory, Antibacterial
Downloads
References
1. Situasi Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut 2019 [Internet]. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2019. Available from: https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/20030900005/situasi-kesehatan-gigi-dan-mulut-2019.html
2. Indrawati R, Arundina I, Trisnadyantika A. Efektivitas pasta gigi yang mengandung herbal terhadap Streptococcus mutans. Oral Biology Dental Journal. 2014;6(1):56-60.
3. Saputro A, Astika Y, Harismah K. Optimasi Sediaan Pasta Gigi Herbal sebagai Antibakteri dan Sumber Kalsium Optimation of Herbal Toothpaste as Antibacterial and Calcium Resource. 2020;71–9.
4. Kemenkes RI. Hasil Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2018. Kementrian Kesehat RI. 2018;53(9):1689–99.
5. Kementerian Kesehatan RI. InfoDATIN Kesehatan Gigi Nasional September 2019. Pusdatin Kemenkes RI. 2019;1–6.
6. Astuti P, Meilawaty Z, Biomedik B, Kedokteran F, Universitas G. Efek Antibakteri Pasta Gigi yang Mengandung Tea Tree Oil Terhadap Bakteri S. aureus, S. mutans dan S. viridans. stomatognatic (JKG Unej). 2013;10(3):121–4.
7. Srimurtini NK, Mastra N, Sofi Yanty JANNAH. Identifikasi Staphylococcus aureus Pada Rongga Mulut Mahasiswa Dengan Karang Gigi. Poltekkes Kemenkes Denpasar. 2020;16–7.
8. Napitupulu RLY, Adhani R, Erlita I. Hubungan Perilaku Menyikat Gigi, Keasaman Air, Pelayanan Kesehatan Gigi Terhadap Karies Di Man 2 Batola. Dentin J Kedokt Gigi. 2019;III(1):17–22.
9. Suherna Sasmita I, Suzy A, Pertiwi P, Halim M, Kedokteran B, Anak G, et al. Gambaran Efek Pasta Gigi yang Mengandung Herbal terhadap Penurunan Indeks Plak.
10. Anggina DN, Ramayanti I. Perbandingan Efektivitas Berbagai Jenis Pasta Gigi Bahan Herbal dan Pasta Gigi Bahan Non Herbal Terhadap Pembentukan Plak. Syifa’MEDIKA Jurnal Kedokt dan Kesehat. 2018;9(1):1.
11. Bustanussalam B, Apriasi D, Suhardi E, Jaenudin D. EFEKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle Linn) TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. FITOFARMAKA J Ilm Farm. 2015;5(2):58–64.
12. Amalia R, Marfu'ah N, Amal S. Aktivitas antibakteri kayu siwak (salvadora persica) fraksi eter terhadap bakteri staphylococcus aureus secara in vitro. Pharmasipha: Pharmaceutical Journal of Islamic Pharmacy. 2018 Mar 15;2(1):16-21.
13. Yusitta Y. Efektifitas Ekstrak Daun Lidah Buaya (Alo vera L.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dengan Metode Difusi. J Mater Process Technol. 2018;1(1):1–8.
14. Sundari D, Almasyhuri A. Uji Aktivitas Antiseptik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih (Piper betle Linn.) dalam Obat Kumur terhadap Staphylococcus aureus secara in Vitro. J Kefarmasian Indones. 2019;9(1):10–8.
15. Puteri T, Milanda T. Uji Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Lidah Buaya (Aloe Veral.) Terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus: Review. J Kesehat Andalas. 2013;6(3):518.
16. Y MN, Suharti N, Reza M. Efek Propolis dan Jeruk Nipis terhadap Pertumbuhan Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus dan Streptococcus Pyogenes secara In Vitro. J Kesehat Andalas. 2018;6(3):581.
Copyright (c) 2023 Cendana Medical Journal (CMJ)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
