PERBANDINGAN KADAR GLUTATION TEREDUKSI (GSH) PADA KEHAMILAN NORMAL DAN KEHAMILAN PREEKLAMPSIA DI RSUD. PROF. DR. W.Z. JOHANNES KUPANG
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Elsye Jasicha Ly(1)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
Anita Lidesna Shinta Amat(2*)
Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
Herman Pieter Louis Wungouw(3)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Kehamilan, Preeklampsia, GSH
Abstract
Angka Kematian Ibu di Indonesia mencapai 305 per 100.000KH dengan 25% dintaranya disebabkan oleh preeklampsia. Salah satu teori penyebab preeklampsia adalah stres oksdatif yang menyebabkan kerusakan sel endotel pembuluh darah. Stres oksidatif ditandai dengan peningkatan radikal bebas dan penurunan antioksidan. Glutation tereduksi (GSH) merupakan salah satu antioksidan endogen tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbandingan kadar GSH pada kehamilan normal dan kehamilan preeklampsia di RSUD Prof. Dr. W.Z. Johannes Kupang Tahun 2018. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Observasional Analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik sampling menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling dengan hasil 30 sampel darah vena pada kehamilan normal dan 30 sampel darah vena pada kehamilan preeklampsia. Kadar GSH pada sampel darah diuji menggunakan Spektrofotometri. Hasil rerata dan median kadar GSH pada kehamilan preeklampsia lebih rendah dibandingan rerata dan median kadar GSH pada kehamilan normal. Pada kehamilan preeklampsia rerata kadar GSH yaitu 1,875 nmol/ml dengan median 1,2 nmol/ml lebih rendah dibandingkan pada kehamilan normal rerata kadar GSH yaitu 3,612 nmol/ml dengan median 1,8 nmol/ml Berdasarkan uji Mann Whitney didapatkan nilai p= 0,010 (<0,05) yang berarti terdapat perbedaan kadar GSH yang signifikan pada kehamilan normal dibandingkan dengan kehamilan preeklampsia. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini kadar GSH pada kehamilan normal lebih tinggi daripada kehamilan preeklampsia.
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2. Who E, Group WB. Trends in Maternal Mortality : 1990 to 2015. 2015;
3. Kesehatan, Dinas; Nusa Tenggara Timur P. Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur 2015. 2015.
4. Priyono R, Kes M. Profil Kesehatan Kota Kupang Tahun 2016. 2016;
5. Kesehatan K, Indonesia R. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia 2014.
6. Wibowo N, R. I, E. F, M.K.K. K, J.C. M. Diagnosis dan Tatalaksana Pre Eklamsia. Pogi. 2016;6–9.
7. Osungbade KO, Ige OK. Public Health Perspectives of Preeclampsia in Developing Countries : Implication for Health System Strengthening. 2011;2011.
8. Kuklina E, Ayala C, Callaghan W. Hypertensive Disorders and Severe Obstetric Morbidity in the United States. Obs Gynecol. 113(6):1299–306.
9. Niki E. Lipid peroxidation: Physiological levels and dual biological effects. Free Radical Biol Med. 2009;47:469–84.
10. Hubel C a. Oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med
11. Dhanardono RM denny. Kadar malondialdehid (MDA) pada preeklampsia berat [Internet]. E -Journal UNDIP. 2004. Available from: http://eprints.undip.ac.id/12392/
12. Esta M, Afdal P, Anggraini NW. Malondialdehyde levels are higher and glutathione levels are lower in preeclampsia than in normal pregnancies. 2017;36(3):179–86.
13. Sarwono P. Ilmu kebidanan. Jakarta: Yayasan Bina Pustaka. 2008. 218-220 p.
14. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Hypertension in pregnancy. Report of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists’ Task Force on Hypertension in Pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol
15. Magee L a, Pels A, Helewa M, Rey E, von Dadelszen P. Diagnosis, evaluation, and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: executive summary. J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2014;36(5):416–41.
16. Niki E, Yoshida Y, Saito Y, Noguchi N. Lipid peroxidation: mechanisms, inhibition, and biological effects. Biochem Biophys Res Commun
17. Wiknjosastro G. Radikal Bebas dan Proses Inflamasipada Preeklampsia. Malang: PITXIII POGI; 2002.
18. Ferrari RS, Andrade CF. Oxidative Stress and Lung Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Vol. 2015, Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity. 2015.
19. Aryani A. Perbedaan pola metilasi dan ekspresi gen vascular endothelial growth factor serta vascular endothelial growth factor receptor -2 antara hamil normal, preeklampsia berat awitan dini dan awitan lambat. Bandung: Universitas Padjajaran; 2016.
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21. Dekker G, Robillard PY. The birth interval hypothesis - Does it really indicate the end of the primipaternity hypothesis. In: Journal of Reproductive Immunology. 2003. p. 245–51.
22. O’Brien T, Ray J, Chan W. Maternal body mass index and the risk of preeclampsia: a systematic overview. Epidemiology
23. Wolf M, Sandler L, Muñoz K, Hsu K, Ecker JL, Thadhani R. First trimester insulin resistance and subsequent preeclampsia: A prospective study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002;87(4):1563–8.
24. Lyall F, Health F, Editor C, Belfort M. Pre-eclampsia Etiology and Clinical Practice [Internet]. Cambridge University Press, New York. 2007. 535 p. Available from: www.cambridge.org/9780521831895
25. Tranquilli AL, Dekker G, Magee L, Roberts J, Sibai BM, Steyn W, et al. The classification, diagnosis and management of the hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: A revised statement from the ISSHP. Vol. 4, Pregnancy Hypertension. 2014. p. 97–104.
26. Kuo VS, Koumantakis G, Gallery ED. Proteinuria and its assessment in normal and hypertensive pregnancy. Am J Obs Gynecol [Internet]. 1992;167(3):723–8. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1530030
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28. Urinalysis by dipstick for proteinuria. Guideline 2010. [Internet]. Available from: http://www.3centres.com.au
29. Bothamley J, Boyle M. Patofisiologi Dalam Kebidanan. Jakarta: ECG; 2012.
30. Setiadji R. Drugs Hipertensi. In Makassar; 2013. p. 103.
31. Arief S. Radikal Bebas. Ilmu Kesehat Anak FK UNAIR/RSU Dr Soetomo. 2007;1–9.
32. Pratiwi A. Respon Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Dikontaminasi Radikal Bebas terhadap Pemberian Tepung Delima (Punica granatum L.) sebagai Sumber Antioksidan. 2010;2–3.
33. Birben E, Murat U, Md S, Sackesen C, Erzurum S, Kalayci O. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. WAO J. 2012;5(January):9–19.
34. H W. Antioksidan Alami Dan Radikal. 2007. 46-7 p.
35. Sayuti K, Yenrina R. Antioksidan Alami dan Sintetik. Andalas University Press. 2015. 1-97 p.
36. Reilly PM, Schiller HJ, Bulkley GB. Pharmacologic approach to tissue injury mediated by free radicals and other reactive oxygen metabolites. Vol. 161, The American Journal of Surgery. 1991. p. 488–503.
37. Siti N. Radikal Bebas. Universitas Indonesia; 2009.
38. Zulaikhah ST. The Role of Antioxidant to Prevent Free Radicals in The Body. Sains Med. 2017;8(1):39–45.
39. Werdhasari A. Peran Antioksidan Bagi Kesehatan. J Biomedik Medisiana Indones. 2014;3(2):59–68.
40. Indrayana R. Efek Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol 70% Daun Salam (Syzygium Polyanthum [Wight.] Walp.) pada Serum Darah Tikus Putih Jantan Galur Wistar yang Diinduksi Karbon Tetraklorida (CCl4). 2008;
41. Yuniastuti A. Dasar molekuler glutation dan perannya sebagai antioksidan. FMIPA Press UNNES. 2017.
42. Sugiyanta. Peran glutation sebagai master antioksidan. Biomedis. 2008;1(1):48–53.
43. El-Beltagi HS, Mohamed HI. Reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxidation and antioxidative defense mechanism. Not Bot Horti Agrobot Cluj-Napoca. 2013;41(1):44–57.
44. Lushchak VI. Glutathione Homeostasis and Functions: Potential Targets for Medical Interventions. J Amino Acids [Internet]. 2012;2012:1–26. Available from: http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jaa/2012/736837/
45. Pompella A, Visvikis A, Paolicchi A, De Tata V, Casini AF. The changing faces of glutathione, a cellular protagonist. In: Biochemical Pharmacology. 2003. p. 1499–503.
46. Gupta S, Aziz N, Sekhon L, Agarwal R, Mansour G, Li J, et al. Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Status in Preeclampsia. Obstet Gynecol Surv
47. Dan B, Di E. Kadar MDA dan Rasio GSH/GSSH.
48. Proverbio F, Marín R, Abad C, Vargas FR, Zoltan T, Proverbio T, et al. Magnesium sulfate affords protection against oxidative damage during severe preeclampsia. 2015;3
Published
2019-04-15
How to Cite
Ly, E., Amat, A., & Wungouw, H. (2019). PERBANDINGAN KADAR GLUTATION TEREDUKSI (GSH) PADA KEHAMILAN NORMAL DAN KEHAMILAN PREEKLAMPSIA DI RSUD. PROF. DR. W.Z. JOHANNES KUPANG. Cendana Medical Journal, 7(1), 132-138. https://doi.org/10.35508/cmj.v7i1.1497
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