Effectivity of Piper Leaf Extract (Piper betel l.) in Hand Sanitizer Gel against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria
-
Dinsella Go(1*)
Student
-
Prisca Deviani Pakan(2)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
Elisabeth Levina Sari Setianingrum(3)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
Efrisca M. Br. Damanik(4)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Piper betel l., NTT, hand sanitizer, antibacterial
Abstract
The importance of self-hygiene needs to be taken seriously by everyone. Small habits such as washing hands can save and protect people from infectious diseases, mainly COVID-19. The usage of hand sanitizers can be another alternative in keeping one’s hands clean from germs and bacteria. This study will be utilizing piper leaf extract (Piper betel l.) as the main ingredient in hand sanitizer formulation.
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
References
1. United Nations Children’s Fund, World Health Organization. State of the World’s Hand Hygiene: A global call to action to make hand hygiene a priority in policy and practice (Internet). New York, NY: UNICEF ; 2021. Available from: www.unicef.org/wash
2. CDC. Hand Sanitizer Use Out and About (Internet). 2021. Available from: www.cdc.gov/handwashing
3. Srikartika P, Suharti N, Anas E. Kemampuan Daya Hambat Bahan Aktif Beberapa Merek Dagang Hand sanitizer terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus (Internet). 2016. Available from: http://jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id
4. Fatmawati F. Edukasi Penggunaan Hand Sanitizer Dan Pembagian Hand Sanitizer Disaat Pandemi Covid-19. Journal of Character Education Society 2020;3(2):432–8.
5. Mardisiswojo S, Rajakmangunsudarso H. Cabe Puyang- Warisan Nenek Moyang I. 55th ed. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka; 1985.
6. Syahidah A, Saad CR, Hassan MD, Rukayadi Y, Norazian MH, Kamarudin MS. Phytochemical analysis, identification and quantification of antibacterial active compounds in betel leaves, piper betle methanolic extract. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 2017;20(2):70–81.
7. Murata K, Nakao K, Hirata N, Namba K, Nomi T, Kitamura Y, et al. Hydroxychavicol: a potent xanthine oxidase inhibitor obtained from the leaves of betel, Piper betle. J Nat Med (Internet) 2009;63(3):355–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-009-0331-y
8. Bhattacharya S, Subramanian M, Roychowdhury S, Bauri AK, Kamat JP, Chattopadhyay S, et al. Radioprotective Property of the Ethanolic Extract of Piper betel Leaf (Internet). 2005. Available from: http://jrr.jstage.jst.go.jp
9. Ho J, Boost M v., O’Donoghue MM. Tracking sources of Staphylococcus aureus hand contamination in food handlers by spa typing. Am J Infect Control 2015;43(7):759–61.
10. Sundang M, Syed Nasir SN, Sipaut CS, Othman H. Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic, Flavonoid and Tannin Content of Piper Betle and Leucosyke Capitella. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 2014;8(1).
11. Rukmini A, Utomo DH, Laily AN, Uin JB, Malik M, Malang I, et al. SKRINING FITOKIMIA FAMILIA PIPERACEAE. 2020.
12. Demirci F. Natural Products Isolation, 2nd Edition (Methods in Biotechnology, Vol. 20) Edited by S. D. Sarker (University of Ulster), Z. Latif (Molecular Nature Limited), and A. I. Gray (University of Strathclyde). Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ. 2006. xii + 515 pp. 15.5 × 23.5 cm. 135.00. ISBN 1-58829-447-1 (Hardcover). eISBN 1-59259-955-9 (e-book). Journal of Natural Products - J NAT PROD 2007;70:712.
13. Yuliana P, Laconi EB, Wina E, Jayanegara A. EXTRACTION OF TANNINS AND SAPONINS FROM PLANT SOURCES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON IN VITRO METHANOGENESIS AND RUMEN FERMENTATION. Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 2014;39(2):91–7.
14. Sangi M, Runtuwene MRJ, Simbala HEI, Makang VMA. ANALISIS FITOKIMIA TUMBUHAN OBAT DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA. 2008.
15. Yan Y, Li X, Zhang C, Lv L, Gao B, Li M. Review Research Progress on Antibacterial Activities and Mechanisms of Natural Alkaloids: A Review. 2021;Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics
16. Xie Y, Yang W, Tang F, Chen X, Ren L. Antibacterial Activities of Flavonoids: Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanism. Curr Med Chem 2014;22(1):132–49.
17. Dwi Wulansari E, Lestari D, Asma Khoirunissa M, Pharmasi Semarang Y, Tengah J. KANDUNGAN TERPENOID DALAM DAUN ARA (Ficus carica L.) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP BAKTERI Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
18. Sudarmi K, Bagus I, Darmayasa G, Muksin K. UJI FITOKIMIA DAN DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN JUWET (Syzygium cumini) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus ATCC PHYTOCHEMICAL AND INHIBITION OF JUWET LEAF EXTRACT (Syzygium cumini) ON GROWTH Escherichia coli AND Staphylococcus aureus ATCC. 2017;Available from: http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/simbiosis
19. Pan X, Chen F, Wu T, Tang H, Zhao Z. The acid, bile tolerance and antimicrobial property of Lactobacillus acidophilus NIT. Food Control 2009;20(6):598–602.
20. Veranita W, Raharjo D, Artini KS, Effebdi F. Hand sanitizer formulation from extract and essential oil of betel leaf (Piper betle Linn.) As well as antibacterial activity test. 2nd International Conference of Health, Science and Technology 2021;26–7.
21. Nayaka NMDMW, Sasadara MMV, Sanjaya DA, Yuda PESK, Dewi NLKAA, Cahyaningsih E, et al. Piper betle (L): Recent review of antibacterial and antifungal properties, safety profiles, and commercial applications. Molecules2021;26(8).
22. Siregar IR, Salbiah, Setyawati D, Ria N. The lnhibition of Betel Leaf lnfusion (Piper betle Linn) Against the Growth of Candida albicans (Internet). Medan: 2019. Available from: www.phytojournal.com
23. Lubis RR, Marlisa, Wahyuni DD. Antibacterial activity of betle leaf (Piper betle l.) extract on inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus in conjunctivitis patient. 2020;9(1):1–5.
24. Ansel HC. Introduction to pharmaceutical dosage forms (Internet). 3rd ed. Philadelphia (Pa.) : Lea and Febiger; 1981. Available from: http://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:000247977
25. Ogilvie BH, Solis-Leal A, Lopez JB, Poole BD, Robison RA, Berges BK. Alcohol-free hand sanitizer and other quaternary ammonium disinfectants quickly and effectively inactivate SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Hospital Infection 2021;108:142–5.
26. Pasquini C, Hespanhol MC, Cruz KAML, Pereira AF. Monitoring the quality of ethanol-based hand sanitizers by low-cost near-infrared spectroscopy. Microchemical Journal 2020;159.
27. Rowe R, Sheskey P, Quinn M. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. 6th ed. Grayslake, IL: Pharmaceutical Press; 2009.
28. Garg A, Aggarwal D, Garg S, Kingla AK. Spreading of semisolid formulation. Pharmaceutical Technology 2002;86–102.
2. CDC. Hand Sanitizer Use Out and About (Internet). 2021. Available from: www.cdc.gov/handwashing
3. Srikartika P, Suharti N, Anas E. Kemampuan Daya Hambat Bahan Aktif Beberapa Merek Dagang Hand sanitizer terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus (Internet). 2016. Available from: http://jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id
4. Fatmawati F. Edukasi Penggunaan Hand Sanitizer Dan Pembagian Hand Sanitizer Disaat Pandemi Covid-19. Journal of Character Education Society 2020;3(2):432–8.
5. Mardisiswojo S, Rajakmangunsudarso H. Cabe Puyang- Warisan Nenek Moyang I. 55th ed. Jakarta: Balai Pustaka; 1985.
6. Syahidah A, Saad CR, Hassan MD, Rukayadi Y, Norazian MH, Kamarudin MS. Phytochemical analysis, identification and quantification of antibacterial active compounds in betel leaves, piper betle methanolic extract. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences 2017;20(2):70–81.
7. Murata K, Nakao K, Hirata N, Namba K, Nomi T, Kitamura Y, et al. Hydroxychavicol: a potent xanthine oxidase inhibitor obtained from the leaves of betel, Piper betle. J Nat Med (Internet) 2009;63(3):355–9. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11418-009-0331-y
8. Bhattacharya S, Subramanian M, Roychowdhury S, Bauri AK, Kamat JP, Chattopadhyay S, et al. Radioprotective Property of the Ethanolic Extract of Piper betel Leaf (Internet). 2005. Available from: http://jrr.jstage.jst.go.jp
9. Ho J, Boost M v., O’Donoghue MM. Tracking sources of Staphylococcus aureus hand contamination in food handlers by spa typing. Am J Infect Control 2015;43(7):759–61.
10. Sundang M, Syed Nasir SN, Sipaut CS, Othman H. Antioxidant Activity, Phenolic, Flavonoid and Tannin Content of Piper Betle and Leucosyke Capitella. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 2014;8(1).
11. Rukmini A, Utomo DH, Laily AN, Uin JB, Malik M, Malang I, et al. SKRINING FITOKIMIA FAMILIA PIPERACEAE. 2020.
12. Demirci F. Natural Products Isolation, 2nd Edition (Methods in Biotechnology, Vol. 20) Edited by S. D. Sarker (University of Ulster), Z. Latif (Molecular Nature Limited), and A. I. Gray (University of Strathclyde). Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ. 2006. xii + 515 pp. 15.5 × 23.5 cm. 135.00. ISBN 1-58829-447-1 (Hardcover). eISBN 1-59259-955-9 (e-book). Journal of Natural Products - J NAT PROD 2007;70:712.
13. Yuliana P, Laconi EB, Wina E, Jayanegara A. EXTRACTION OF TANNINS AND SAPONINS FROM PLANT SOURCES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON IN VITRO METHANOGENESIS AND RUMEN FERMENTATION. Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture 2014;39(2):91–7.
14. Sangi M, Runtuwene MRJ, Simbala HEI, Makang VMA. ANALISIS FITOKIMIA TUMBUHAN OBAT DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA UTARA. 2008.
15. Yan Y, Li X, Zhang C, Lv L, Gao B, Li M. Review Research Progress on Antibacterial Activities and Mechanisms of Natural Alkaloids: A Review. 2021;Available from: https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics
16. Xie Y, Yang W, Tang F, Chen X, Ren L. Antibacterial Activities of Flavonoids: Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanism. Curr Med Chem 2014;22(1):132–49.
17. Dwi Wulansari E, Lestari D, Asma Khoirunissa M, Pharmasi Semarang Y, Tengah J. KANDUNGAN TERPENOID DALAM DAUN ARA (Ficus carica L.) SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP BAKTERI Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
18. Sudarmi K, Bagus I, Darmayasa G, Muksin K. UJI FITOKIMIA DAN DAYA HAMBAT EKSTRAK DAUN JUWET (Syzygium cumini) TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus ATCC PHYTOCHEMICAL AND INHIBITION OF JUWET LEAF EXTRACT (Syzygium cumini) ON GROWTH Escherichia coli AND Staphylococcus aureus ATCC. 2017;Available from: http://ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/simbiosis
19. Pan X, Chen F, Wu T, Tang H, Zhao Z. The acid, bile tolerance and antimicrobial property of Lactobacillus acidophilus NIT. Food Control 2009;20(6):598–602.
20. Veranita W, Raharjo D, Artini KS, Effebdi F. Hand sanitizer formulation from extract and essential oil of betel leaf (Piper betle Linn.) As well as antibacterial activity test. 2nd International Conference of Health, Science and Technology 2021;26–7.
21. Nayaka NMDMW, Sasadara MMV, Sanjaya DA, Yuda PESK, Dewi NLKAA, Cahyaningsih E, et al. Piper betle (L): Recent review of antibacterial and antifungal properties, safety profiles, and commercial applications. Molecules2021;26(8).
22. Siregar IR, Salbiah, Setyawati D, Ria N. The lnhibition of Betel Leaf lnfusion (Piper betle Linn) Against the Growth of Candida albicans (Internet). Medan: 2019. Available from: www.phytojournal.com
23. Lubis RR, Marlisa, Wahyuni DD. Antibacterial activity of betle leaf (Piper betle l.) extract on inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus in conjunctivitis patient. 2020;9(1):1–5.
24. Ansel HC. Introduction to pharmaceutical dosage forms (Internet). 3rd ed. Philadelphia (Pa.) : Lea and Febiger; 1981. Available from: http://lib.ugent.be/catalog/rug01:000247977
25. Ogilvie BH, Solis-Leal A, Lopez JB, Poole BD, Robison RA, Berges BK. Alcohol-free hand sanitizer and other quaternary ammonium disinfectants quickly and effectively inactivate SARS-CoV-2. Journal of Hospital Infection 2021;108:142–5.
26. Pasquini C, Hespanhol MC, Cruz KAML, Pereira AF. Monitoring the quality of ethanol-based hand sanitizers by low-cost near-infrared spectroscopy. Microchemical Journal 2020;159.
27. Rowe R, Sheskey P, Quinn M. Handbook of Pharmaceutical Excipients. 6th ed. Grayslake, IL: Pharmaceutical Press; 2009.
28. Garg A, Aggarwal D, Garg S, Kingla AK. Spreading of semisolid formulation. Pharmaceutical Technology 2002;86–102.
Published
2022-12-20
How to Cite
Go, D., Pakan, P., Setianingrum, E., & Damanik, E. M. (2022). Effectivity of Piper Leaf Extract (Piper betel l.) in Hand Sanitizer Gel against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria. Cendana Medical Journal, 10(2), 241-249. https://doi.org/10.35508/cmj.v10i2.8636
Section
Articles
Copyright (c) 2022 Cendana Medical Journal (CMJ)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Copyright Notice
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
