Seaweed Extract (Eucheuma cottonii) Antibacterial Potency Test in Gel Form On Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacteria

  • Mayrissa Boru Panggabean(1*)
    Universitas Nusa Cendana
  • Prisca Deviani Lidia(2)
    Universitas Nusa Cendana
  • Kartini Lidia(3)
    Universitas Nusa Cendana
    • (*) Corresponding Author
DOI: https://doi.org/10.35508/cmj.v10i2.9208
Keywords: Seaweed, Antibacterial, Acne, Gel

Abstract

Background: Incorrect medicine usage in treating acnes (acne vulgaris) may cause unwanted side effects. Teratogenic effects due to retinoid use in pregnancy and breastfeeding women as well as antibiotic resistance on account of irrational antibiotic use are a few of the effects that may emerge. Natural ingredients such as seaweeds (Eucheuma cottonii) formulated in topical form is an alternative to solve this problem. 
Objective: To ascertain seaweed extract (Eucheuma cottonii) antibacterial potency test in gel form on staphylococcus aureus and staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.
Method: This research is a true experimental research with posttest-only group design. Treatment groups are clindamycin gel positive control, sterile aquadest negative group, and seaweed infused extract group with 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% concentrations with Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria as testing bacteria. Antibacterial testing method is done using disk diffusion method. Raw data is analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis statistical test.          
Result: The diameter of zone of inhibition of seaweed extract gel on Staphylococcus aureus  bacteria on the 20% concentration (4,51 mm), 15% concentration (0,265 mm), 10% concentration (0,05 mm), and 5% concentration (0,22 mm) is categorized as weak antibacterial potential. The diameter of zone of inhibition of seaweed extract gel on Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria on the 20% concentration (10,37 mm) is categorized as strong antibacterial potential, whereas 15% concentration (3,545 mm), 10% concentration (4,045 mm), and 5% concentration (0,725 mm) is categorized as weak antibacterial potential. Analysis shows that there are significant differences between treatment groups with p value < 0,05.
Conclusion: Seaweed extract (Eucheuma cottonii) in gel form has an antibacterial potency towards Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.

Keywords: Seaweed, Antibacterial, Acne, Gel

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Sitohang IBS, Wasitaatmadja SM. Akne Vulgaris. In: Menaldi SLS, Bramono K, Indriatmi W, editors. Ilmu Penyakit Kulit Dan Kelamin. 7th ed. Jakarta: Badan Penerbit Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia; 2019. p. 288.
2. Sitohang IBS, Fathan H, Effendi E, Wahid M. The susceptibility of pathogens associated with acne vulgaris to antibiotics. Med J Indones. 2019;28(1):21–7.
3. Fauzia D. Pharmacological Aspects of Retinoids on Cosmeseuticals. J Kesehat Melayu,Fakultas Kedokt Univ Riau. 2017;1(1):35–40.
4. Madelina W, Sulistiyaningsih. Review: Resistensi Antibiotik pada Terapi Pengobatan Jerawat. J Farmaka. 2018;16(2):105–17.
5. CDC. Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States 2019. Vol. 10, Cdc. 2019.
6. World Health Organization. Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) Report. 2020.
7. Lia Yunita S, Novia Atmadani R, Titani M. Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Pengetahuan Dan Perilaku Penggunaan Antibiotika Pada Mahasiswa Farmasi UMM. Pharm J Indones. 2021;6(2):119–23.
8. Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan. Laporan Tahunan Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan 2020. Lap Tah KKP. 2020;1–159.
9. Turupadang W, Dj M, Oedjoe R. Performa Sosial Ekonomi Budidaya Makroalga Pesisir Kabupaten Kupang : Review Keberlanjutan Usaha 20 Tahun Sejak Insepsi. J Aquat. 2021;4(2):83–93.
10. Ruku RM, Kase AG., Solle HR. Ekstrak Karaginan Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottonii) Yang Diperoleh Dari Pantai Tablolong. Indig Biol J Pendidik dan Sains Biol. 2021;3(3):119–27.
11. Syafitri T, Hafiludin H, Chandra AB. Pemanfaatan Ekstrak Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottonii) Dari Perairan Sumenep Sebagai Antioksidan. J Kelaut Indones J Mar Sci Technol. 2022;15(2):160–8.
12. Hastuty HSB, Purba PN, Nurfadillah E. Uji Stabilitas Fisik Formulasi Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Daun Ketepeng Cina (Cassia alata L.) Dengan Gelling Agent CMC-NA Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 230840. Gema Kesehat. 2018;10(1):22–7.
13. Poojar B, Ommurugan B, Adiga S, Thomas H, Sori RK, Poojar B, et al. Methodology Used in the Study. Asian J Pharm Clin Res. 2017;7(10):1–5.
14. Hudaifah I, Mutamimah D, Utami arfiati ulfa. Komponen Bioaktif dari Eucheuma cottonii, Ulva lactuca, Halimeda opuntia, dan Padina australis. J Ilm Perikan dan Kelaut. 2020;2(2):63–70.
15. safia waode, zahra anisya kadrya A. Kandungan Nutrisi Dan Senyawa Bioaktif Rumput Laut (Euchema cottonii) Yang Dibudidayakan Dengan Teknik Rakit Gantung Pada Kedalaman Berbeda. Junal Pengolah Has Perikan Indones. 2020;23:261–71.
16. Rompas RA, Edy HJ, Yudistira A. Isolasi Dan Identifikasi Flavonoid Dalam Daun Lamun (Syringodium Isoetifolium). Pharmacon. 2012;1(2):59–62.
17. Oematan Z. Pengaruh Perbedaan Suhu dan Waktu Ekstraksi terhadap Kandungan Tanin pada Ekstrak Daun Jambu Mete. J Ilm Mhs Univ Surabaya. 2015;4(2):1–12.
18. Lantah PL, Montolalu LA, Reo AR. Kandungan Fitokimia Dan Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Metanol Rumput Laut Kappaphycus alvarezii. Media Teknol Has Perikan. 2017;5(3):73.
19. Alam Fathoni D, Apri Arisandi Program Studi Ilmu Kelautan D, Pertanian Universitas Trunojoyo Madura Jl Raya Telang F, Box P, Kamal K, Timur J. Kualitas Karaginan Rumput Laut (Eucheuma cottonii) pada Lahan yang Berbeda di Kecamatan Bluto Kabupaten Sumenep. Juv Ilm Kelaut dan Perikan [Internet]. 2020;1(4):548–57. Available from: https://journal.trunojoyo.ac.id/juvenil/article/view/8994
20. Anggraini W, Nisa SC, Da RR, Ma B. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etanol 96 % buah blewah ( cucumis melo l . Var . Antibacterial activity of 96 % ethanol extract cantaloupe fruit ( cucumis melo l . Var . Cantalupensis ) against escherichia coli bacteria. Pharm J Indones. 2019;5(1):61–6.
21. Sudarmi K, Darmayasa IBG, Muksin IK. Uji Fitokimia Dan Daya Hambat Ekstrak Daun Juwet (Syzygium cumini) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Escherichia Coli Dan Staphylococcus aureus ATCC. SIMBIOSIS J Biol Sci. 2017;5(2):47.
22. Kumalasari E, aina aina, ayu checaria noverda, aisyah noor. Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine palmifolia (L.) Merr) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Propionibacterium acne. J Insa Farm Indones. 2020;3(2):261–70.
23. Egra S, Mardhiana ., Rofin M, Adiwena M, Jannah N, Kuspradini H, et al. Aktivitas Antimikroba Ekstrak Bakau (Rhizophora mucronata) dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Ralstonia Solanacearum Penyebab Penyakit Layu. Agrovigor J Agroekoteknologi. 2019;12(1):26.
24. Wulansari ED, Lestari D, Khoirunissa MA. Kandungan Terpenoid Dalam Daun Ara (Ficus carica L.) Sebagai Agen Antibakteri Terhadap Bakteri Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Pharmacon. 2020;9(2):219.
25. Rosida, Sidiq HBHF, Apriliyanti IP. Evaluasi Sifat Fisik Dan Uji Iritasi Gel Ekstrak Kulit Buah Pisang (Musa acuminata Colla). J Curr Pharm Sci [Internet]. 2018;2(1):131–5. Available from: https://journal.umbjm.ac.id/index.php/jcps/article/view/174
26. Octariani S, Mayasari D, Ramadhan AM. Optimasi Basis Gel dan Evaluasi Sediaan Gel Anti Jerawat Ekstrak Daun Sirih Hitam (Piper betle L. Var Nigra). Proceeding Mulawarman Pharm Conf [Internet]. 2021;(April 2021):135–8. Available from: http://prosiding.farmasi.unmul.ac.id/index.php/mpc/article/view/416/399
27. Sartika R, Dan M, Purwiyanto AIS. Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Rumput Laut Eucheuma cottoni terhadap Bakteri Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholera dan Salmonella typhosa. Maspari J [Internet]. 2013;5(2):98–103. Available from: http://masparijournal.blogspot.com
28. Dwyana Z, Johannes E. Uji Efektivitas Ekstrak Alga Merah Euchema cottonii sebagai Antibakteri terhadap Bakteri Patogen. J Ilmu Kefarmasian [Internet]. 2012;7(1):1–7. Available from: https://core.ac.uk/reader/25489644
29. Baehaki A, Lestari SD, Hildianti DF. The Utilization of Seaweed Eucheuma cottonii in the Production of Antiseptic Soap. J Pengolah Has Perikan Indones. 2019;22(1):143.
30. Surjowardjojo P, Susilorini TE, Sirait GR. Daya Hambat Dekok Kulit Apel Manalagi (Malus sylvestrs Mill.) Terhadap Pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dan Pseudomonas sp. Penyebab Mastitis Pada Sapi Perah. J Ternak Trop. 2015;16(2):40–8.
31. Hapsari RP, Widayati RI, Afriliana L, Hadi P. the Efficacy of Topical Clindamycin Gel on Severity Degree of Acne Vulgaris Among Female College Students. Diponegoro Med J (Jurnal Kedokt Diponegoro). 2020;9(4):380–4.

PlumX Metrics

Published
2022-12-20
How to Cite
Panggabean, M., Lidia, P., & Lidia, K. (2022). Seaweed Extract (Eucheuma cottonii) Antibacterial Potency Test in Gel Form On Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis Bacteria. Cendana Medical Journal, 10(2), 350-362. https://doi.org/10.35508/cmj.v10i2.9208
Issue
Vol 10 No 2 (2022): November (Issue 24, year 2022)
Section
Articles

Copyright (c) 2022 Cendana Medical Journal (CMJ)

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Copyright Notice

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Obs.: This plugin requires at least one statistics/report plugin to be enabled. If your statistics plugins provide more than one metric then please also select a main metric on the admin's site settings page and/or on the journal manager's settings pages.