PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI HAY RUMPUT KUME DENGAN HAY FODDER JAGUNG TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU MAKAN KAMBING KACANG (The Effect of Substituting Kume Grass Hay with Maize Fodder Hay on Feeding Behavior of Kacang Goats)
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Aldi Seprianus Bahas(1)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
-
I Gusti Ngurah Jelantik(2*)
Faculty of Animal Science, The University of Nusa Cendana
-
Imanuel Benu(3)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of substituting Kume Grass hay with maize fodder hay on the feeding behavior of Kacang Goats. Eight goats weighing 10–15 kg were used in a change-over design with four treatments and two periods as replicates. The treatments were: DMF0 (70% Kume Grass hay + 30% concentrate), DMF1 (52.5% Kume Grass hay + 17.5% maize fodder hay + 30% concentrate), DMF2 (35% Kume Grass hay + 35% maize fodder hay + 30% concentrate), and DMF3 (17.5% Kume Grass hay + 52.5% maize fodder hay + 30% concentrate). Data were analyzed using ANOVA followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. Results showed that feeding time ranged from 4.5 to 7.0 hours/day, eating frequency from 6.3 to 12.8 times/day, rumination time from 3.6 to 5.1 hours/day, rumination frequency from 10.1 to 19.6 times/day, resting time from 13.1 to 14.5 hours/day, and resting frequency from 17.1 to 21.8 times/day. Statistical analysis revealed that the treatments significantly (P<0.05) affected feeding time, eating frequency, and resting frequency, but had no significant effect (P>0.05) on rumination time, rumination frequency, and resting time. In conclusion the substitution of Kume Grass hay with maize fodder hay up to 75% the eating duration, eating frequency and resting frequency, but it does not affect the rumination duration, rumination frequency and resting duration.
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References
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Jelantik IGN, R. Copland, and M. L. Mullik, 2008 “Mortality Rate of Bali Cattle (Bos sondaicus) Calves in West Timor , Indonesia,” vol. 27, no. August
Kari LR, Jelantik IGN, Nikolaus TT. 2021. Pengaruh Pemberian Campuran Silase Rumput dan Daun Markisa Hutan dengan Proporsi yang Berbeda Terhadap Tingkah Laku Kambing Kacang. Jurnal Nukleus Peternakan, Vol 1 (1): 51-59. https://ejurnal.undana.ac.id/index.php/nukleus/article/view/4148
Kusuma S, Tanudimadja K. 1985. Perilaku Hewan Ternak. Jurusan Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, IPB. Bogor. 72-75.
Lu, and C. D. 1982. Implication of Forage Particle Length on Chewing Activities and Milk Production in Dairy Goats. J. Dairy Sci 70:1411–16. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80163-7
Manehat S, Jelantik IGN, Nikolaus TT. 2020. Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Komplit Fermentasi Berbasis Serasah Gamal dan Batang Pisang Dengan Imbangan yang Berbeda Terhadap Tingkah Laku Makan Kambing Kacang. Jurnal Nukleus Peternakan, Vol7 (1):75-85. https://doi.org/10.35508/nukleus.v7i1.2245
Moon SO, Enishi S, & Hirota H. 1994. Effect of Supplementary Concentrate on Eating and Rumination Behaviour in Goats Fed Rye (Secalesereale l) Silage. Anim. Sci. Technol (Jpn) 65 (6): 532-537.
Moyo M, Adebayo RA, Nsahlai IV. 2019. Effects of Diet and Roughage Quality, and Period of the Day on Diurnal Feeding Behaviour Patterns of Sheep and Goats Under Subtropical Conditions. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, Vol. 32 (5):675-690. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.17.0901
Mullik ML & Permana B. 2009. Improving Growth Rate of Bali Cattle Grazing Native Pasture in Wet Season by Supplementing High Quality Forages. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner 14 (3):192- 199. DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v14i3.340
Naik P, Dhuri R, Swain B, and Singh N. 2012. Nutrient Changes with the Growth of s Fodder Maize. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. Vol. 29 (2):161–163. J. Zool. Vol 45 (1): 53-58. https://scispace.com/papers/nutrient-changes-with-the-growth-of-hydroponics-fodder-maize-19wg9s779q
Nenobota A, Amalo D, Benu I, Jelantik IGN. 2022. Pemberian Kosentrat Ekstrak Serat Buah Lontar dan Eksreta Ayam Terfermentasi Terhadap Tingkah Laku Makan Kambing yang Mengkonsumsi Rumput Botriochloa pertusa grass. Jurnal Peternakan Lahan kering. Vol 4 (4): 2444-2451.
Nielsen, B. L., Cellier, M., Duvaux-Ponter, C., & Giger-Reverdin, S. (2021). Dairy goats adjust their meal patterns to the fibre content of the diet. Animal, 15(7), 100265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2021.100265
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Pereira, D. M., Oliveira, J. S. D., Santos, E. M., de Carvalho, G. G., Azevedo, J. A. D., Corrêa, Y. R. & Viana, N. B. 2022. Productive performance and ingestive behaviour of feedlot finished Santa Ines lambs on diets containing differing fibre levels. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 65(2-3), 213-226. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2022.2038213
Peez-Barberia FJ, Gordon IJ. 1998. Factor Affecting Food Communition During Chewing in Ruminants: a review. Biological J. Linneal Soc. 63: 233-256. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb01516.x
Ranboki M, Oematan G, Jelantik IGN. 2023. Pengaruh Subsitusi Rumput Bothriochloa Petusa dengan Kangkung Terhadap Tingkah Laku Makan Kambing Kacang. Jurnal Animal Agricultura. Vol 1 (1): 36-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59891/animacultura.v1i1.4
Rozaqi, M. R., Haryuni, N., & Alam, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Suhu Pemanasan Metode Sangrai Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Fisik dan Penurunan Konsentrasi Aflatoksin Pada Jagung. Journal of Science Nusantara, Vol 3 (3): 114-121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.28926/jsnu.v3i3.1187
Thiago, L. R. L., Gill, M., & Dhanoa, M. S. 1992. Studies Of Method Of Conserving Grass Herbage And Frequency Of Feeding In Cattle: 1. Voluntary Feed Intake, Digestion And Rate Of Passage. British Journal of Nutrition, 67(3), 305-318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19920038
Woodford S.T. & Murphy M.R. 1988. Effect of Forage Physical from on Chewing Activity, Dry Matter Intake, and Rumen Function of Dairy Cows and Early Lactation. J. Dairy Sci.71: 674-686. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(88)79606-X
Xu, Y., & Ding, Z. 2011. Physiological, Biochemical and Histopathological Effects Of Fermentative Acidosis In Ruminant Production: a minimal review. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(2), 414-422. DOI: 10.5424/sjar/20110902-177-10
Adiwinarti R, Lestari CMS, and Purnomoadi A. 2019. Feeding Behaviour and Drinking Activities of Kacang Goat Fed High and Low Fiber Diets. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 247 012020 IOP Publishing https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1755-1315/247/1/012020
Afzalani, Syarif S, Raguati. 2006. Pengaruh Suplementasi Urea Mineral Lick Block (UMLB) dan Daun Sengon (Albaziafal Cataria) Terhadap Biodegradebilitas dan Aktivitas Kunyah (Chewing Activity) Pada Ternak Domba. Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan, Edisi Khusus 8: 37-40. https://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/home/detail_pencarian_downloadfiles/973360
Bamualim, A. 1988. Peranan peternakan dalam usaha tani di daerah Nusa Tenggara. Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian, Vol 8 (3): 69-74.
Beauchemin, K. A. 2018. Invited review: Current Perspectives on Eating and Rumination Activity in Dairy Cows. Journal of dairy science, Vol. 101 (6): 4762-4784. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13706
Benu, I. Sulistijo, E.D, dan Oematan G. 2021. Peningkatan Produktivitas Ternak Kambing Kacang di Lahan Kering NTT melalui Substitusi Rumput dengan Fodder Jagung . Laporan Akhir Peneltian. Universitas Nusa Cendana.
Benu I, Jelantik IGN, Penu CL, Laut MM. 2024. Effect of Replacing Grass Silage with Maize Fodder on Nutrient Intake and Digestibility, Rumen Parameters and Blood Metabolites of Weaned Ongole x Brahman Calves. Tropical Animal Science Journal, Vol 29 (1): 36-44. https://doi.org/10.14334/JITV.V29I1.3331
Carlis, M. S. D. P., Biava, J. S., Sturion, T. U., Lais Alves da Silva, A., Eckermann, N. R., Montanher Polizel, D. & Ferreira, E. M. (2023). Effect of different levels of physically effective neutral detergent fibre from forage in whole corn grain-based diets for feedlot lambs. Animal Production Science, 63(17), 1759-1771. DOI: 10.1071/AN22394
Coleman S.W., Hart S.P., Sahlu T. 2003. Relationships Among Forage Chemistry, Rumination and Retention Time with Intake and Digestibility of Hay By Goats. Small Ruminant Research 50: 129–140. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0921-4488(03)00116-0
Eckermann, N. R., de Paula Carlis, M. S., Biava, J. S., Comelli, J. H., Polizel, D. M., Barroso, J. P. R., ... & Ferreira, E. M. (2025). Effect of increasing levels of physically effective neutral detergent fibre on growth performance, feeding behaviour, and carcasses and gut characteristics of feedlot lambs fed ground corn. Small Ruminant Research, 107655. DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2025.107655
Ezeabara, C. A., Umeka, L. N., & Anyanele, W. C. 2023. Phytochemical and proximate studies of leaf, stem and root of Cassia mimosoides L. Int. J. Sci. Res. in Multidisciplinary Studies Vol, 9(8). https://www.isroset.org/journal/IJSRMS/full_paper_view.php?paper_id=3248
Grant, R. J., & Cotanch, K. W. 2023. Perspective and Commentary: Chewing behavior of dairy cows: Practical perspectives on forage fiber and the management environment. Applied Animal Science, 39(3), 146-155. https://doi.org/10.15232/aas.2022-02371
Izadbakhsh, M. H., Hashemzadeh, F., Alikhani, M., Ghorbani, G. R., Khorvash, M., Heidari, M. & Ahmadi, F. 2024. Effects of dietary fiber level and forage particle size on growth, nutrient digestion, ruminal fermentation, and behavior of weaned holstein calves under heat stress. Animals, 14(2), 275. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14020275
Jalali AR, Noorgaard P, Weisbjerg MR, Nielsen MO. 2012. Effect of Forage Quality on Intake, Chewing Activity, Faecal Particle Size Distribution, and Digestibility of Neutral Detergent Fibre In Sheep, Goats and Ilamas. Small Ruminant Res. 103:143- 151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2011.09.004
Jelantik IGN. 2001. Suplementasi Protein Sebagai Alternatif Peningkatan Produktivitas Sapi Bali di Nusa Tenggara Timur. Proc. Seminar Nasional Peternakan Pasca IAEUP, Hotel Kristal, Kupang, 27-29 Juli 2001.
Jelantik IGN, R. Copland, and M. L. Mullik, 2008 “Mortality Rate of Bali Cattle (Bos sondaicus) Calves in West Timor , Indonesia,” vol. 27, no. August
Kari LR, Jelantik IGN, Nikolaus TT. 2021. Pengaruh Pemberian Campuran Silase Rumput dan Daun Markisa Hutan dengan Proporsi yang Berbeda Terhadap Tingkah Laku Kambing Kacang. Jurnal Nukleus Peternakan, Vol 1 (1): 51-59. https://ejurnal.undana.ac.id/index.php/nukleus/article/view/4148
Kusuma S, Tanudimadja K. 1985. Perilaku Hewan Ternak. Jurusan Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, IPB. Bogor. 72-75.
Lu, and C. D. 1982. Implication of Forage Particle Length on Chewing Activities and Milk Production in Dairy Goats. J. Dairy Sci 70:1411–16. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(87)80163-7
Manehat S, Jelantik IGN, Nikolaus TT. 2020. Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Komplit Fermentasi Berbasis Serasah Gamal dan Batang Pisang Dengan Imbangan yang Berbeda Terhadap Tingkah Laku Makan Kambing Kacang. Jurnal Nukleus Peternakan, Vol7 (1):75-85. https://doi.org/10.35508/nukleus.v7i1.2245
Moon SO, Enishi S, & Hirota H. 1994. Effect of Supplementary Concentrate on Eating and Rumination Behaviour in Goats Fed Rye (Secalesereale l) Silage. Anim. Sci. Technol (Jpn) 65 (6): 532-537.
Moyo M, Adebayo RA, Nsahlai IV. 2019. Effects of Diet and Roughage Quality, and Period of the Day on Diurnal Feeding Behaviour Patterns of Sheep and Goats Under Subtropical Conditions. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci, Vol. 32 (5):675-690. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.17.0901
Mullik ML & Permana B. 2009. Improving Growth Rate of Bali Cattle Grazing Native Pasture in Wet Season by Supplementing High Quality Forages. Jurnal Ilmu Ternak Veteriner 14 (3):192- 199. DOI: 10.14334/jitv.v14i3.340
Naik P, Dhuri R, Swain B, and Singh N. 2012. Nutrient Changes with the Growth of s Fodder Maize. Indian J. Anim. Nutr. Vol. 29 (2):161–163. J. Zool. Vol 45 (1): 53-58. https://scispace.com/papers/nutrient-changes-with-the-growth-of-hydroponics-fodder-maize-19wg9s779q
Nenobota A, Amalo D, Benu I, Jelantik IGN. 2022. Pemberian Kosentrat Ekstrak Serat Buah Lontar dan Eksreta Ayam Terfermentasi Terhadap Tingkah Laku Makan Kambing yang Mengkonsumsi Rumput Botriochloa pertusa grass. Jurnal Peternakan Lahan kering. Vol 4 (4): 2444-2451.
Nielsen, B. L., Cellier, M., Duvaux-Ponter, C., & Giger-Reverdin, S. (2021). Dairy goats adjust their meal patterns to the fibre content of the diet. Animal, 15(7), 100265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.animal.2021.100265
Nørgaard, P., Nadeau, E., & Randby, Å. T. 2010. A new Nordic Structure Evaluation System for Diets Fed to Dairy Cows: A Meta Analysis. In Modelling nutrient digestion and utilisation in farm animals (pp. 112-120). Wageningen Academic. DOI: 10.3920/978-90-8686-712-7_12
Pembayun IH, Purnomoadi A, Dartosukarno S. 2013. Tingkah Laku Makan Kambing Kacang Yang Diberi Pakan Level Protein Energi Berbeda. Anim Agric J, Vol 2 (4): 31-3. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/aaj/article/view/11167/10835
Pereira, T. C. D. J., Ribeiro, L. S. O., Pereira, M. L. A., Pires, A. J. V., Carvalho, G. G. P. D., & Pereira, C. A. R. 2019. Feeding Behavior of Goat Kids Fed Diets Containing Peach Palm Meal. Acta Scientiarum. Animal Sciences, 42, e47088. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascianimsci.v42i1.47088
Pereira, D. M., Oliveira, J. S. D., Santos, E. M., de Carvalho, G. G., Azevedo, J. A. D., Corrêa, Y. R. & Viana, N. B. 2022. Productive performance and ingestive behaviour of feedlot finished Santa Ines lambs on diets containing differing fibre levels. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 65(2-3), 213-226. https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2022.2038213
Peez-Barberia FJ, Gordon IJ. 1998. Factor Affecting Food Communition During Chewing in Ruminants: a review. Biological J. Linneal Soc. 63: 233-256. DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8312.1998.tb01516.x
Ranboki M, Oematan G, Jelantik IGN. 2023. Pengaruh Subsitusi Rumput Bothriochloa Petusa dengan Kangkung Terhadap Tingkah Laku Makan Kambing Kacang. Jurnal Animal Agricultura. Vol 1 (1): 36-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.59891/animacultura.v1i1.4
Rozaqi, M. R., Haryuni, N., & Alam, Y. (2023). Pengaruh Suhu Pemanasan Metode Sangrai Terhadap Peningkatan Kualitas Fisik dan Penurunan Konsentrasi Aflatoksin Pada Jagung. Journal of Science Nusantara, Vol 3 (3): 114-121. DOI: https://doi.org/10.28926/jsnu.v3i3.1187
Thiago, L. R. L., Gill, M., & Dhanoa, M. S. 1992. Studies Of Method Of Conserving Grass Herbage And Frequency Of Feeding In Cattle: 1. Voluntary Feed Intake, Digestion And Rate Of Passage. British Journal of Nutrition, 67(3), 305-318. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN19920038
Woodford S.T. & Murphy M.R. 1988. Effect of Forage Physical from on Chewing Activity, Dry Matter Intake, and Rumen Function of Dairy Cows and Early Lactation. J. Dairy Sci.71: 674-686. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(88)79606-X
Xu, Y., & Ding, Z. 2011. Physiological, Biochemical and Histopathological Effects Of Fermentative Acidosis In Ruminant Production: a minimal review. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research, 9(2), 414-422. DOI: 10.5424/sjar/20110902-177-10
Published
2025-12-31
How to Cite
Bahas, A., Jelantik, I. G., & Benu, I. (2025). PENGARUH SUBSTITUSI HAY RUMPUT KUME DENGAN HAY FODDER JAGUNG TERHADAP TINGKAH LAKU MAKAN KAMBING KACANG (The Effect of Substituting Kume Grass Hay with Maize Fodder Hay on Feeding Behavior of Kacang Goats). JURNAL NUKLEUS PETERNAKAN, 12(2), 118-128. https://doi.org/10.35508/nukleus.v12i2.23751
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