KECERNAAN NUTRIEN DAN PARAMETER RUMEN PAKAN KONSENTRAT YANG MENGANDUNG TEPUNG DAUN KERSEN SEBAGAI PENGGANTI JAGUNG SECARA IN VITRO (In vitro nutrient digestibility and rumen parameter of concentrate feed base chery leaf meal as corn substitution)
-
Kristina Jhena(1*)
Jl. TDM 2 Kota Kupang
-
Markus M. Kleden(2)
universitas nusa cendana
-
Imanuel Benu(3)
universitas nusa cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
dry matter, volatile fatty acid, ammonia, in vitro, digestible value
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the effect of concentrate base cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura L) substituting corn meal on in vitro nutrient digestibility and rumen parameter. This study was conducted in the laboratory of feed chemistry Faculty of animals Husbandry University of Nusa Cendana. The experiment was subjected to a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The tested treatments were: MC0 = concentrate containing 100% corn meal without cherry leaf meal; MC20 = concentrate containing 80% corn meal + 20% cherry leaf meal; MC40 = concentrate containing 60% corn meal + 40% cherry leaf meal; MC60 = concentrate containing 40% corn meal + 60% cherry leaf meal. The result showed that corn replacement by muntingia calabura leaves meal in concentrate feed decrease nutrient digestibility. In contrary the rumen parameter had increase value. Statistical analysis showed that the the parameter measured was very high depend on the Muntingia leaves meal utilization. As a conclusion that Muntingia calabura leaves can be used as corn substitution up to 20%.
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References
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McSweeney C, Palmer SB, Mc Neill DM, Krause DO. 2001. Microbial interaction with tanins nutritional consequences for Ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci81:83-93.
Ørskov ER. 1982. The estimation of protein degrability in the rumen from incubation measurement weight according to rate of passege. J. Agric Sci Camb. 92: 499-503.
Parakkasi A. 1999. Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Ruminansia. Penerbit: Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.
Puspitaning IR. 2012. Populasi Protozoa dan Karakteristik Fermentasi Rumen dengan Pemberian Daun Kersen (Muntingia Calabura) Secara In Vitro. Skripsi. Departemen Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi PakanFakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor
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Rahmadi D, Muktiani A, Pangestu SE, Achmadi J, Christiyanto M, Sunarso, Surono, Surahmanto. 2010. Ruminologi Dasar. Jurusan Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Diponegoro. Sekawan, Semarang.
Sakinah D. 2005. Kajian suplementasi probiotik bermineral terhadap produksi VFA, NH3, dan kecernaan zat makanan pada Domba. Fakultas Peternakan Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
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Seresinhe T, Madushika SAC, Seresinhe Y, Lal PK, E. R. Ørskov ER. 2012. Using Gas Production Technique Effects of Tropical High Tannin Non Legume and Low Tannin Legume Browse Mixtures on Fermentation Parameters and Methanogenesis. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 25(10): 1404 - 1410
Sutardi T. 1980. Landasan Ilmu Nutrisi. Jilid I. Departemen Ilmu Makanan Ternak. Fakultas Peternakan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Sutardi T, Sigit NA, Toharmat T. 1983. Standarisasi Mutu Protein Bahan Makanan Ternak Ruminansia, Berdasarkan Parameter Metabolismenya oleh Mikrobia Rumen. Proyek Pengembangan Ilmu dan Teknologi. Ditjen Pendidikan Tinggi, Jakarta.
Sutardi T.1979. Ketahanan Protein Bahan Makanan Terhadap Degradasi Mikroba Rumen dan Populasi Protozoa Rumen dan Pemanfaatnya bagi Produktivitas Ternak. Prosiding Seminar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Peternakan. LPP Institut Pertanian. Bogor. Buku 2. Hal 91-103.
Sudarmadji, Bambang SH, Suhardi. 1984. Analisa Bahan Makanan dan Pertanian. Penerbit Liberty. Yogyakarta.
Stell RGD, Torrie JH. 1993. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika. Suara Pendekatan Biometrik.Terjemahan B. Sumantri . Gramedia, Jakarta.
Tilley JMA, Terry RA. 1963. A two-stage technique for the in vitrodigestion of forage crops.J. British Grassland Soc.,18:104-111.
Tillman AD, Hartadi H, Reksohardiprodjo S, Prawirokusumo S, Lendosoekodjo S. 1998. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Dasar. Cetakan Kedua Peternakan. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Triswaningsih D, Kumalaningsih S, Wignyanto P. 2017. Identification of chemical compounds cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura) powder as a natural antioxidant. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 10(5), 84-91.
Van Soest PJ. 1994. Nutritional ecology of ruminant. 2nd Edition. Comstock Publishing Associates A Division of Cornell University Press Ithaca.
Wahyuni IMDA, Muktiani A, Christianto M. 2014. Penentuan dosis tanin dan saponin untuk defaunasi dan peningkatan fermentabilitas pakan. JITP3(3):133-140.
Wang JK, Ye JA, Liu JX. 2011. Effects of tea saponins on rumen microbiota, rumenfermentation, methane production and growth performance—a review. Trop Anim Health Prod 44:697–706
Wijayanti E, Wahyono F, Surono. 2012. Kecernaan nutrien dan fermentabilitas pakan komplit dengan level Ampas Tebu yang berbeda Secara in vitro. J. Anim. Agric.1(1) : 167–179.
Yusmadi. 2008. Kajian mutu dan palatabilitas silase dan hay ransum komplit berbasis sampah organik primer pada kambing PE. Tesis. Bogor: Program Pasca sarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Zakaria ZA, Fatimah CA, Mat AM, Zaiton H, Henie EFP, Sulaiman MR, Somchit MN, Thenamutha M, Kasthuri D. 2006. The in vitro antibacterial activity of Muntingia Calabura extracts. International Journal of Pharmacol. 2(4):439-442
Zakaria ZA, Mat AM, Mastura M, Mat SH, Mohamed AM, Moch JNS, Rofiee MS, Sulaiman MR. 2007. In Vitro anti staphylococcal activity of the extract of several neglected plant in Malaysia. International Journal Of Pharmacology. 3(5):428-431.
Anggorodi R.1994. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Umum. PT Gramedia, Jakarta.
Anonymous. 2019. Kersen (Muntingia Calabura) .https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/. Tanggal unduh 28 Mei 2020.
Antara. 2014. Kebutuhan Jagung Indonesia Mencapai. 14,7 juta ton. Jakarta.
Arora SP. 1995.Digestion In Ruminants. Gadjah Mada University Perss, Yogyakarta.
Arora SP. 1989. Pecernaan Mikroba pada Ruminansia.(Diterjemahkanoleh Retno Murwani) Gajah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Binawati DK, Amilah S. 2013. Effeck of Muntingia Callabura L bioinsecticides extract towards mortality of worm soil (Angrotisipsilon) and armyworm (Spodoptera Exiqua) on plant leek (Allium Fistolum). Jurnal Wahana. 61(2):51-57
Fahey GC, Berger LL. 1988. Carbohydrate nutrition of ruminants. In:The Ruminant Animal Digestive Phisiology and Nutrition Church, D.C (Ed). Prentice Hall, New Jersey Pp: 269-295.
Fiqueiredo RA, Oliveira AA, Zacharias MA, Barbosa SM, Pereira FF, Cazela GN, Viana JP, Camargo RA. 2008. Reproductive ecology of the exotic tree Muntingia Calabura L. (Muntingiaceae) in Southeastern Brazil. J. R. Arvore. 32:993-999.
France J, Dijkstra J. 2005. Volatile Fatty Acid Production. In: J. Djikstra, J. M. Forbes and J. Francce (Eds). Quantitative Aspect for Ruminant Digestion and Metabolism. 2nd Edition. CABI Publishing, London.
Gemeda BS, Hassen A. 2015. Effect of Tannin and Species Variation on In vitro Digestibility, Gas, and Methane Production of Tropical Browse Plants. Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci. 28(2): 188-199
General Laboratory Pocedures, 1966. Department of Dairy Science. University of Wisconsin, Madison.
Hartati E. 1998. Suplementasi minyak lemuru dan seng ke dalam ransum yang mengandung silase pod kakao dan urea untuk memacu pertumbuhan sapi Holstein jantan. Disertasi. Program Pascasarjana. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Hartati E, Saleh A, Sulistidjo ED. 2009. Optimalisasi Proses Fermentasi Rumen dan Pertumbuhan Sapi Bali Melalui Sumplementasi Zn-Cu Isoleusinat dan ZnSO4 Pada Ransum Berbasis Standinghay Rumput Kume (Andropogon Timorensis) Amoniasi. Laporan Penelitian Fondamental Fakultas Peternakan, Undana, Kupang.
Kleden MM, Benu I, Lesatari GAY. 2019. Nutrients using in goats fed concentrate consist of varylevels of Muntingia calabura L leaves as maize substitution. Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine 4(6):187-193
Kleden MM, Soetanto H, Kusmartono, Koeswanto. 2017. Concentration of Progesterone and Prolactin Hormones nd Milk Production of New Zealand White Rabbits Doe Fed Moringa Leaves Meal. Mediterrane an Journal of Social Science8(3):79-85
Mahyuddin P. 2008. Relationship Between Chemical Component and In Vitro Digestibility of Tropical Grasses. HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 15(2):85-89
Makkar HPS, Becker K. 1998. Do tannins in leaves of trees and shrub from Africa and Himalayan regions differ in level and activity. Agroforestry Syst.40:59-68.
Minson DJ. 1990. Forage In Ruminant Nutrition. Academic Press, Inc California.
Murni S. Putra DS. 2004. Manipulasi Mikroba dalam Fermentasi Rumen Salah Satu Alternatif untuk Meningkatkan Efisiensi Penggunaan Zat-Zat Makanan. Paper Jurusan Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan, Universitas Undayana.
McDonald P, Edwards RA, Greenhalgh JFD, Morgan CA. 2002. Animal Nutrition. 6th Ed. Longman Scientific and Technical Copublished in The United States With Jhon Wiley and Sons Inc. New York.
McDonald P, Edwards RA, Greenhalgh JFD. 1988. Animal Nutrition. 4th Ed. Longman Scientific and Technical Copublished in The United States With Jhon Wiley and Sons Inc. New York.
McSweeney C, Palmer SB, Mc Neill DM, Krause DO. 2001. Microbial interaction with tanins nutritional consequences for Ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci81:83-93.
Ørskov ER. 1982. The estimation of protein degrability in the rumen from incubation measurement weight according to rate of passege. J. Agric Sci Camb. 92: 499-503.
Parakkasi A. 1999. Ilmu Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Ruminansia. Penerbit: Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta.
Puspitaning IR. 2012. Populasi Protozoa dan Karakteristik Fermentasi Rumen dengan Pemberian Daun Kersen (Muntingia Calabura) Secara In Vitro. Skripsi. Departemen Ilmu Nutrisi dan Teknologi PakanFakultas Peternakan Institut Pertanian Bogor
Ranjhan SK.1980.Animal Nutrition in Tropics. Second Revised Edition. Vikas Publishing House PVT LTD, New Delhi.
Rahmadi D, Muktiani A, Pangestu SE, Achmadi J, Christiyanto M, Sunarso, Surono, Surahmanto. 2010. Ruminologi Dasar. Jurusan Nutrisi dan Makanan Ternak Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Diponegoro. Sekawan, Semarang.
Sakinah D. 2005. Kajian suplementasi probiotik bermineral terhadap produksi VFA, NH3, dan kecernaan zat makanan pada Domba. Fakultas Peternakan Bogor (ID): Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Saelan E, Nurdin AS. 2019. Uji kimia tepung daun kersen (Muntingia calabura) dan implementasinya dalam ransum Ayam Broiler terhadap nilai kecernaan.Jurnal Ilmu Ternak 19(2):24-28
Seresinhe T, Madushika SAC, Seresinhe Y, Lal PK, E. R. Ørskov ER. 2012. Using Gas Production Technique Effects of Tropical High Tannin Non Legume and Low Tannin Legume Browse Mixtures on Fermentation Parameters and Methanogenesis. Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 25(10): 1404 - 1410
Sutardi T. 1980. Landasan Ilmu Nutrisi. Jilid I. Departemen Ilmu Makanan Ternak. Fakultas Peternakan. Institut Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Sutardi T, Sigit NA, Toharmat T. 1983. Standarisasi Mutu Protein Bahan Makanan Ternak Ruminansia, Berdasarkan Parameter Metabolismenya oleh Mikrobia Rumen. Proyek Pengembangan Ilmu dan Teknologi. Ditjen Pendidikan Tinggi, Jakarta.
Sutardi T.1979. Ketahanan Protein Bahan Makanan Terhadap Degradasi Mikroba Rumen dan Populasi Protozoa Rumen dan Pemanfaatnya bagi Produktivitas Ternak. Prosiding Seminar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Peternakan. LPP Institut Pertanian. Bogor. Buku 2. Hal 91-103.
Sudarmadji, Bambang SH, Suhardi. 1984. Analisa Bahan Makanan dan Pertanian. Penerbit Liberty. Yogyakarta.
Stell RGD, Torrie JH. 1993. Prinsip dan Prosedur Statistika. Suara Pendekatan Biometrik.Terjemahan B. Sumantri . Gramedia, Jakarta.
Tilley JMA, Terry RA. 1963. A two-stage technique for the in vitrodigestion of forage crops.J. British Grassland Soc.,18:104-111.
Tillman AD, Hartadi H, Reksohardiprodjo S, Prawirokusumo S, Lendosoekodjo S. 1998. Ilmu Makanan Ternak Dasar. Cetakan Kedua Peternakan. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.
Triswaningsih D, Kumalaningsih S, Wignyanto P. 2017. Identification of chemical compounds cherry leaves (Muntingia calabura) powder as a natural antioxidant. International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, 10(5), 84-91.
Van Soest PJ. 1994. Nutritional ecology of ruminant. 2nd Edition. Comstock Publishing Associates A Division of Cornell University Press Ithaca.
Wahyuni IMDA, Muktiani A, Christianto M. 2014. Penentuan dosis tanin dan saponin untuk defaunasi dan peningkatan fermentabilitas pakan. JITP3(3):133-140.
Wang JK, Ye JA, Liu JX. 2011. Effects of tea saponins on rumen microbiota, rumenfermentation, methane production and growth performance—a review. Trop Anim Health Prod 44:697–706
Wijayanti E, Wahyono F, Surono. 2012. Kecernaan nutrien dan fermentabilitas pakan komplit dengan level Ampas Tebu yang berbeda Secara in vitro. J. Anim. Agric.1(1) : 167–179.
Yusmadi. 2008. Kajian mutu dan palatabilitas silase dan hay ransum komplit berbasis sampah organik primer pada kambing PE. Tesis. Bogor: Program Pasca sarjana, Institut Pertanian Bogor.
Zakaria ZA, Fatimah CA, Mat AM, Zaiton H, Henie EFP, Sulaiman MR, Somchit MN, Thenamutha M, Kasthuri D. 2006. The in vitro antibacterial activity of Muntingia Calabura extracts. International Journal of Pharmacol. 2(4):439-442
Zakaria ZA, Mat AM, Mastura M, Mat SH, Mohamed AM, Moch JNS, Rofiee MS, Sulaiman MR. 2007. In Vitro anti staphylococcal activity of the extract of several neglected plant in Malaysia. International Journal Of Pharmacology. 3(5):428-431.
Published
2020-12-17
How to Cite
Jhena, K., Kleden, M., & Benu, I. (2020). KECERNAAN NUTRIEN DAN PARAMETER RUMEN PAKAN KONSENTRAT YANG MENGANDUNG TEPUNG DAUN KERSEN SEBAGAI PENGGANTI JAGUNG SECARA IN VITRO (In vitro nutrient digestibility and rumen parameter of concentrate feed base chery leaf meal as corn substitution). JURNAL NUKLEUS PETERNAKAN, 7(2), 118 - 129. https://doi.org/10.35508/nukleus.v7i2.3018
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Articles
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