PRODUKSI HIJAUAN DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA RUMPUT KUME DAN SUKET PUTIHAN YANG DIINTRODUKSI JENIS LEGUMINOSA BERBEDA (Herbage production and chemical composition of kume grass and suket putihan introduced with different types of legumes)
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Dionysius Priyanto(1*)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
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Tara Tiba Nikolaus(2)
Fapet Undana
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I. G. N. Jelantik(3)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Low quality and quantity of pasture in East Nusa Tengara is the main problem in development of ruminants. The solution offered to this problem is by using mixed pasture of grass and legume, by consider legume’s advantage in nitrogen fixation, and also it’s capability to provide canopy or shades to grass. The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effect of the introduction of various species of herbaceous legumes on herbage production and the chemical composition of Sorghum plumosum and Bothriochloa pertusa. The research was conducted following a Completely Randomized Design (RCD) with 4 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments tested consisted of Co (Sorghum plumosum and Bothriochloa pertusa), Av (Sorghum plumosum, Bothriochloa pertusa and Alysicarpus vaginalis), Ct (Sorghum plumosum, Bothriochloa pertusa and Clitoria ternatea) and Pp (Sorghum plumosum, Bothriochloa pertusa and Pueraria phaseoloides). The parameters observed were the production of forage, the leaf stem ratio, crude protein, crude fiber, and NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber). The results showed that the introduction of herbaceous legumes did not affect the production, leaf stem ratio and also the crude protein but does affect the chemical composition of Kume and Suket Putihan such as changes of crude fibre and NDF at the age of 60 days.
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References
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Kim DH, Parupalli S, Azam S, Lee SH, Varshney RK. 2013. Comparative Sequence Analysis of Nitrogen Fixation-Related Genes in Six Legumes. Frontiers in Plant Science 4 (AUG): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00300.
Kirilov A, Vasileva V. 2016. Palatability of Subterranean Clover and Some Perennial Grasses and Legume Forage Crops. Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences 4 (4): 152–55.
Koten BB, Naisoko R, Wea R, Semang A, Lapenangga T. 2016. Produksi Bahan Organik, Protein Kasar Dan Bahan Ekstrak Tanpa Nitrogen Hijauan Pastura Alam Yang Diintroduksi Jenis Rumput Dan Legum Yang Berbeda, 773–81.
Lozano RR. 2015. Nutrition of Grass Proteins. In Grass Nutrition, edited by Lozano R. Ramirez, 67–93. Bloomington, Indiana USA.: Palibrio Press.
Manu AE. 2014. Produktivitas Padang Penggembalaan Sabana Timor Barat. Pastura: Journal of Tropical Forage Science 3 (1): 25–29.
Moran JB. 1985. Comparative Performance of Five Genotypes of Indonesian Large Ruminants. 1. Effect of Dietary Quality on Liveweight and Feed Utilization. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 36 (5): 743–52. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9850743.
Nulik J, Hau DK. 2016. Forage Growing and Hay Making of Clitoria Ternatea for Dry Season Feed Supplement in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. In The 17th Asian Australian Association of Animal Production Societies Animal Science Congress Proceedings. Fukuoka, 22–26.
Oikawa S. 2022. Supra-Optimal Leaf Area Index of a Temperate Liana Pueraria Lobata for Competition with Solidago Altissima at the Expense of Canopy Photosynthesis. Tree Physiology, July, tpac074. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpac074.
Pardo G, Andrés J, Puentes MYQ. 2015. Evaluación de La Calidad Nutricional, Consumo y Digestibilidad in Vivo de Los Henos de Pasto Vidal (Bothriochloa Saccharoides), Colosuana (Bothriochloa Pertusa) y Angleton Climacuna (Dichanthium Annulatum).
Quigley SP, Poppi DP, McLennan SR. 2009. Strategies to Increase Growth of Weaned Bali Calves.
Sanz-Sáez Á, Erice G, Aguirreolea J, Muñoz F, Sánchez-Díaz M, Irigoyen JJ. 2012. Alfalfa Forage Digestibility, Quality and Yield under Future Climate Change Scenarios Vary with Sinorhizobium Meliloti Strain. Journal of Plant Physiology 169 (8): 782–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2012.01.010.
Shen YZ, Guo SS, Ai WD, Tang YK. 2014. Effects of Illuminants and Illumination Time on Lettuce Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality in a Controlled Environment. Life Sciences in Space Research 2: 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2014.06.001.
Solati Zeinab, Jørgensen U, Eriksen J, Søegaard K. 2017. Dry Matter Yield, Chemical Composition and Estimated Extractable Protein of Legume and Grass Species during the Spring Growth. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 97 (12): 3958–66. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8258.
Suarna IW, Surayani NN, Budiasa KM. 2018. Potensi Dan Adaptasi Tumbuhan Pakan Alysicarpus Vaginalis Di Provinsi Bali.” Pastura 8 (1): 10–12.
Susillawati I, Mustafa KH, Khairani L. 2012. Hasil Kandungan Komponen Serat Kasar Hijauan Rumput Benggala Dengan Pemberian Molibdenum Dan Jenis Legum Pada Pertanaman Campuran Rumput Dan Legum. Pastura 1 (2): 74–78.
Suter M, Connolly J, Finn JA, Loges R, Kirwan L, Sebastià MT, Lüscher A. 2015. Nitrogen Yield Advantage from Grass-Legume Mixtures Is Robust over a Wide Range of Legume Proportions and Environmental Conditions. Global Change Biology 21 (6): 2424–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12880.
Tantalo S, Liman L, Farda FT, Wijaya AK, Frastianto YA, Pangestu IA. 2021. Productivity and Nutrient Value of Some Grasses under Shading of Rubber Tree Plantation. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Terapan 4 (2): 92–97. https://doi.org/10.25047/jipt.v4i2.2502.
Varón RP, Delgado JM. n.d. “3. Capítulo 3. Bothriochloa Sp: Una Gramínea Con Potencial Forrajero Para Pasturas Del Trópico Seco. Para Los Estudiosos de Las Actividades Ganaderas, El Conoci, 53.
Vasileva V, Vasilev E. 2012. Study on Productivity of Some Legume Crops in Pure Cultivation and Mixtures. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 77 (2): 91–94.
Whitehead M, Isaac ME. 2012. Effects of Shade on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Acquisition in Cereal-Legume Intercropping Systems. Agriculture (Switzerland) 2 (1): 12–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture2010012.
Xie H, Yu M, Cheng X. 2018. Leaf Non-Structural Carbohydrate Allocation and C:N:P Stoichiometry in Response to Light Acclimation in Seedlings of Two Subtropical Shade-Tolerant Tree Species. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 124 (January): 146–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.013.
Zhong R, Cui D, Ye ZH. 2019. Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis. New Phytologist 221 (4): 1703–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15537.
Bijelic Z, Tomic Z, Ruzic-Muslic D, Krnjaja V, Mandic V, Vuckovic S, Niksic D. 2014. Forage Quality and Energy Content of Perennial Legume-Grass Mixtures at Three Level of n Fertilization. Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry 30 (3): 539–47. https://doi.org/10.2298/bah1403539b.
Djaya MS. 2014. Kecernaan in Vitro Dan Serat Kasar Rumput Mulato Dan Kalopo Pada Tingkat Naungan Dan Sistem Pertanaman Yang Berbeda. Polhasains: Jurnal Sains Dan Terapan Politeknik Hasnur. 3 (01): 34–41. https://ejournal.polihasnur.ac.id/index.php/phssains/article/view/221
Ehrmann, Jürgen, Karl R. 2014. Plant: Soil Interactions in Temperate Multi-Cropping Production Systems. Plant and Soil 376 (1): 1–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-013-1921-8.
Elgersma, Anjo, Karen S. 2016. Effects of Species Diversity on Seasonal Variation in Herbage Yield and Nutritive Value of Seven Binary Grass-Legume Mixtures and Pure Grass under Cutting. European Journal of Agronomy 78: 73–83. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eja.2016.04.011.
Evans JR, Victoria C. 2019. The Nitrogen Cost of Photosynthesis. Journal of Experimental Botany 70 (1): 7–15. https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery366.
Faria BM, Mirton JFM, Domingos SCP, Fernando CFL, Carlos AMG. 2018. Growth and Bromatological Characteristics of Brachiaria Decumbens and Brachiaria Ruziziensis under Shading and Nitrogen. Revista Ciencia Agronomica 49 (3): 529–36. https://doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20180060.
Fu J, Yilan L, Pengyue S, Jinzhu G, Donghao Z, Peizhi Y, Tianming H. 2020. Effects of Shade Stress on Turfgrasses Morphophysiology and Rhizosphere Soil Bacterial Communities. BMC Plant Biology 20 (1): 92. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-2300-2.
Gall HL, Philippe F, Domon JM, Françoise G, Jérôme P, Rayon C. 2015. Cell Wall Metabolism in Response to Abiotic Stress. Plants 4 (1): 112–66. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants4010112.
Gomez SM, Kalamani A. 2003. Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea): A nutritive multipurpose forage legume for the tropics–an overview. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 2(6), 374-379.
Hau DK, Matitaputty P, Achadri Y. 2021. Integrating Clitoria Ternatea and Corn in Dry Land Farming for Seed Production and High Quality Forage for Livestock in West Timor East Nusa Tenggara: Oebelo Village Farmer’s Experience. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 807 (3). https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/807/3/032038.
Herdiawan, Iwan, Krisnan R. 2014. Produktivitas Dan Pemanfaatan Tanaman Leguminosa Pohon Indigofera Zollingeriana Pada Lahan Kering. Wartazoa 24 (2): 75–82.
Kaca IN, Sutapa IG, Suariani L, Tonga Y, Yudiastari NM, Suwitari NKE. 2019. Produksi Dan Kualitas Rumput Gajah Kate (Pennisetum purpureum Cv. Mott) Yang Ditanam Dalam Pertanaman Campuran Rumput Dan Legum Pada Pemotongan Pertama. Pastura 6 (2): 78. https://doi.org/10.24843/pastura.2017.v06.i02.p08.
Indriani NP, Mustafa HK, Ayuningsih B. 2017. Introduksi Tanaman Kacang Koro Pedang. Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 1 (4): 263.
Kamlasi Y, Mullik ML, Dami Dato TO. 2015. Pola Produksi Dan Nutrisi Rumput Kume ( Shorgum Plumosum Var . Timorense ) Pada Lingkungan Alamiahnya. Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Peternakan 24 (2): 31–40.
Hau K, Debora, Nulik J. 2021. Improving the Supply of Forage and Staple Food of Smallholder Farmers in Therural Marginal Dry Land of East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. E3S Web of Conferences 232: 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123202003.
Karbivska UM, Butenko AO, Masyk IM, Kozhushko NS, Dubovyk VI, Kriuchko LV, Onopriienko VP, Onopriienko IM, Khomenko LM. 2019. Influence of Agrotechnical Measures on the Quality of Feed of Legume-Grass Mixtures. Ukrainian Journal of Ecology 9 (4): 547–51. https://doi.org/10.15421/2019_788.
Kim DH, Parupalli S, Azam S, Lee SH, Varshney RK. 2013. Comparative Sequence Analysis of Nitrogen Fixation-Related Genes in Six Legumes. Frontiers in Plant Science 4 (AUG): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2013.00300.
Kirilov A, Vasileva V. 2016. Palatability of Subterranean Clover and Some Perennial Grasses and Legume Forage Crops. Journal of Global Innovations in Agricultural and Social Sciences 4 (4): 152–55.
Koten BB, Naisoko R, Wea R, Semang A, Lapenangga T. 2016. Produksi Bahan Organik, Protein Kasar Dan Bahan Ekstrak Tanpa Nitrogen Hijauan Pastura Alam Yang Diintroduksi Jenis Rumput Dan Legum Yang Berbeda, 773–81.
Lozano RR. 2015. Nutrition of Grass Proteins. In Grass Nutrition, edited by Lozano R. Ramirez, 67–93. Bloomington, Indiana USA.: Palibrio Press.
Manu AE. 2014. Produktivitas Padang Penggembalaan Sabana Timor Barat. Pastura: Journal of Tropical Forage Science 3 (1): 25–29.
Moran JB. 1985. Comparative Performance of Five Genotypes of Indonesian Large Ruminants. 1. Effect of Dietary Quality on Liveweight and Feed Utilization. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 36 (5): 743–52. https://doi.org/10.1071/AR9850743.
Nulik J, Hau DK. 2016. Forage Growing and Hay Making of Clitoria Ternatea for Dry Season Feed Supplement in East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. In The 17th Asian Australian Association of Animal Production Societies Animal Science Congress Proceedings. Fukuoka, 22–26.
Oikawa S. 2022. Supra-Optimal Leaf Area Index of a Temperate Liana Pueraria Lobata for Competition with Solidago Altissima at the Expense of Canopy Photosynthesis. Tree Physiology, July, tpac074. https://doi.org/10.1093/treephys/tpac074.
Pardo G, Andrés J, Puentes MYQ. 2015. Evaluación de La Calidad Nutricional, Consumo y Digestibilidad in Vivo de Los Henos de Pasto Vidal (Bothriochloa Saccharoides), Colosuana (Bothriochloa Pertusa) y Angleton Climacuna (Dichanthium Annulatum).
Quigley SP, Poppi DP, McLennan SR. 2009. Strategies to Increase Growth of Weaned Bali Calves.
Sanz-Sáez Á, Erice G, Aguirreolea J, Muñoz F, Sánchez-Díaz M, Irigoyen JJ. 2012. Alfalfa Forage Digestibility, Quality and Yield under Future Climate Change Scenarios Vary with Sinorhizobium Meliloti Strain. Journal of Plant Physiology 169 (8): 782–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2012.01.010.
Shen YZ, Guo SS, Ai WD, Tang YK. 2014. Effects of Illuminants and Illumination Time on Lettuce Growth, Yield and Nutritional Quality in a Controlled Environment. Life Sciences in Space Research 2: 38–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lssr.2014.06.001.
Solati Zeinab, Jørgensen U, Eriksen J, Søegaard K. 2017. Dry Matter Yield, Chemical Composition and Estimated Extractable Protein of Legume and Grass Species during the Spring Growth. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 97 (12): 3958–66. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8258.
Suarna IW, Surayani NN, Budiasa KM. 2018. Potensi Dan Adaptasi Tumbuhan Pakan Alysicarpus Vaginalis Di Provinsi Bali.” Pastura 8 (1): 10–12.
Susillawati I, Mustafa KH, Khairani L. 2012. Hasil Kandungan Komponen Serat Kasar Hijauan Rumput Benggala Dengan Pemberian Molibdenum Dan Jenis Legum Pada Pertanaman Campuran Rumput Dan Legum. Pastura 1 (2): 74–78.
Suter M, Connolly J, Finn JA, Loges R, Kirwan L, Sebastià MT, Lüscher A. 2015. Nitrogen Yield Advantage from Grass-Legume Mixtures Is Robust over a Wide Range of Legume Proportions and Environmental Conditions. Global Change Biology 21 (6): 2424–38. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.12880.
Tantalo S, Liman L, Farda FT, Wijaya AK, Frastianto YA, Pangestu IA. 2021. Productivity and Nutrient Value of Some Grasses under Shading of Rubber Tree Plantation. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Terapan 4 (2): 92–97. https://doi.org/10.25047/jipt.v4i2.2502.
Varón RP, Delgado JM. n.d. “3. Capítulo 3. Bothriochloa Sp: Una Gramínea Con Potencial Forrajero Para Pasturas Del Trópico Seco. Para Los Estudiosos de Las Actividades Ganaderas, El Conoci, 53.
Vasileva V, Vasilev E. 2012. Study on Productivity of Some Legume Crops in Pure Cultivation and Mixtures. Agriculturae Conspectus Scientificus 77 (2): 91–94.
Whitehead M, Isaac ME. 2012. Effects of Shade on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Acquisition in Cereal-Legume Intercropping Systems. Agriculture (Switzerland) 2 (1): 12–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture2010012.
Xie H, Yu M, Cheng X. 2018. Leaf Non-Structural Carbohydrate Allocation and C:N:P Stoichiometry in Response to Light Acclimation in Seedlings of Two Subtropical Shade-Tolerant Tree Species. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry 124 (January): 146–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.01.013.
Zhong R, Cui D, Ye ZH. 2019. Secondary Cell Wall Biosynthesis. New Phytologist 221 (4): 1703–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.15537.
Published
2022-12-18
How to Cite
Priyanto, D., Nikolaus, T., & Jelantik, I. G. (2022). PRODUKSI HIJAUAN DAN KOMPOSISI KIMIA RUMPUT KUME DAN SUKET PUTIHAN YANG DIINTRODUKSI JENIS LEGUMINOSA BERBEDA (Herbage production and chemical composition of kume grass and suket putihan introduced with different types of legumes). JURNAL NUKLEUS PETERNAKAN, 9(2), 118-126. https://doi.org/10.35508/nukleus.v9i2.7785
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