RISK MANAGEMENT ON COCOA SUPPLY CHAIN IN MSME KAMPUNG COKLAT SENARA, LOMBOK, INDONESIA
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Anisah Nur Fatimah(1*)
School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung
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Pingkan Aditiawati(2)
School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung
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Togar Mangihut Simatupang(3)
School of Life Science and Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Analytical Hierachy Process, Cocoa, Risk, MSME, Supply Chain
Abstract
Kampung Cokelat Senara (KCS) is a Micro Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME) that processes cocoa beans to produce chocolate products. The imbalance of supply and demand increases risks in the primary actors of the supply chain. This study aims to identify, assess, and determine risk factors through FMEA, and determine risk mitigation strategies for the cocoa supply chain in KCS through an Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) analysis. Ten risk factors were identified for cocoa farmers, nine risk factors for cocoa product manufacturers, and seven risk factors for distributors/retailers. The priority risk factor at the cocoa farmer level is pests and disease damage. The priority risk factor at the producer level is the uncertain supply of raw materials. The priority risk factor at the distributor/retailer level is fluctuating buying interest. Cocoa farmers are prioritized actors in the supply chain. The priority strategy for supply chain risk management at the farm level is the crop intensification program. The priority strategy for supply chain risk management at the producer level is an expanded partnership with farmers. The priority strategy for supply chain risk management at the distributor/retailer level is product specialization.
Keywords : Analytical Hierachy Process; Cocoa; Risk; MSME; Supply Chain
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References
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Raharto, S. (2016). Institutional development model cocoa farmers in east Java province district Blitar. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 9, 95-102.
Risqiyah, I. A., & Santoso, I. (2017). Risiko rantai pasok agroindustri salak menggunakan fuzzy FMEA. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 14(1), 1-1.
Saaty, T. L. (1989). Group decision making and the AHP. The analytic hierarchy process: applications and studies, 59-67.
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Schlegel, G. L., & Trent, R. J. (2014). Supply chain risk management: An emerging discipline. Florida: CRC Press.
Schwan, R. F., & Wheals, A. E. (2004). The microbiology of cocoa fermentation and its role in chocolate quality. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 44(4), 205-221.
Seta, A. J. (2019). Strategi Pemasaran Agroindustri Pengolahan Susu di Kecamatan Mojosongo Kabupaten Boyolali (Studi Kasus di MSME Finestkee Kefir). Agrista, 7(1).
Sjah, T., & Zainuri, Z. (2020). Agricultural supply chain and food security. In Zero Hunger (pp. 79-88). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Soekartawi, S. (2007). Beberapa Hal yang Perlu Diperhatikan dalam Melakukan Analisis Sistem Agroindustri Terpadu. Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ekonomi Pertanian, 1(2), 31-47.
Supeno, B., & Erwan, N. M. L. E. (2018). Diversifikasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Buah Kopi untuk Produk yang Bernilai Ekonomis Tinggi di Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR), 1, 449-457.
Tompodung, E., Worang, F. G., & Roring, F. (2016). Tilapia Fish Supply Chain Analysis in Eris District, Minahasa Regency. Jurnal EMBA, 4(4), 279-290.
Ahoa, E., Kassahun, A., & Tekinerdogan, B. (2018). Configuring supply chain business processes using the SCOR reference model. In Business Modeling and Software Design: 8th International Symposium, BMSD 2018, Vienna, Austria, Proceedings 8 (pp. 338-351). Springer International Publishing.
Aini, H., Syamsun, M., & Setiawan, A. (2014). Risiko rantai pasok kakao di Indonesia dengan metode analytic network process dan failure mode effect analysis terintegrasi. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 11(3), 209-219.
Alfazah, D. A., Ridwan, A. Y., Yulianti, F., & Kusuma, P. G. A. (2020, July). Design of procurement process monitoring dashboard for supporting food security supply chain risk management system in Indonesian bureau of logistics. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 852, No. 1, p. 012099). IOP Publishing.
Anwar, S. N. (2013). Manajemen Rantai Pasokan (Supply Chain Management): Konsep dan Hakikat. Dinamika Informatika: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Informasi, 3(2).
APICS. (2017). Supply Chain Operations Reference Model v12.0 Framework.
Aprizal, A., Cristina, D., & Maisari, E. D. (2019). Biko. Id: Optimizing The Potential Of Cocoa Beans To Integrated The Digital Economy Based And Cocoa Industry In Indonesia (Case Study Of Cocoa Farmers In Lombok). International Proceeding ASEAN Youth Conference 2018 Malaysia. 309-315.
Arifin. (2016). Pengantar Agroindustri. Bandung: CV. Mujahid Press.
Austin, J. E. (1981). Agroindustrial project analysis. Johns Hopkins Univ. Press.
Bachtiar, W. F., Anoraga, S. B., & Purwaditya, A. K. (2020). Identification of Factors Affecting Consumers in Buying Local Chocolate Products. Journal of Agri-Food Science and Technology, 1(2), 49-58.
Blanchard, D. (2021). Supply chain management best practices. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Dani, S. (2015). Food Supply Chain Management and Logistics: From Farm To Fork. United States: Kogan Page Publishers.
Darmawi, H. (2006). Manajemen Risiko Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Engel, J. F., David T., Kollat, and Roger D., B. (1986). Consumer Behavior. Holt.
FAO. (2016). Public-Private Partnerships for Agribusiness Development - A review of international experiences. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).
Farhana, L. E., Senjawati, N. D., & Utami, H. H. (2020). Analisis Dan Mitigasi Risiko Rantai Pasok Kakao Di Griya Cokelat Nglanggeran Gunungkidul Yogyakarta. Jurnal Dinamika Sosial Ekonomi, 20(1), 55-64.
Ferroni, M., & Castle, P. (2011). Public-private partnerships and sustainable agricultural development. Sustainability, 3(7), 1064-1073.
Fizzanty, T. & Kusnandar. (2012). Pengelolaan Logistik dalam Rantai Pasok Produk Pangan Segar di Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Penelitian Perkembangan Iptek-Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia.
Giannakis, M., & Papadopoulos, T. (2016). Supply chain sustainability: A risk management approach. International journal of production economics, 171, 455-470.
Goya, L., Kongor J., Pascual-Teresa, S. (2022). From Cocoa to Chocolate: Effect of Processing on Flavanols and Methylxanthines and Their Mechanisms of Action. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23(22):1-29.
Hermawan, L. (2015). Dilema Diversifikasi Produk: Meningkatkan Pendapatan Atau Menimbulkan Kanibalisme Produk?. Competence: Journal of Management Studies, 9(2).
Hopkin, P. (2018). Fundamentals of risk management: understanding, evaluating and implementing effective risk management. Kogan Page Publishers.
Indah, P. N. (2021). Agriculture supply chain performance and added valueof cocoa: a study in Kare Village. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 27(3), 487-497.
Karmawati, E., Mahmud, Z., Syakir, M., Munarso, J., & Ardana, I. K. (2010). Budidaya dan Pasca Panen Kakao. Jakarta: Puslitbang Pertanian.
Khairani, T. S., Kurniawan, M. P., Widodo, K. H. Marwati, T., Djaafar, F. (2023). Identification of Sustainable Supply Chain Performance n Primary Cocoa Processing (Case Study in Patuk, Yogyakarta), BIO Web Conference, 80(07004): 1-7.
Kountur, R. (2004). Manajemen Risiko Operasional: Memahami cara mengelola risiko operasional perusahaan. Jakarta: Penerbit PPM.
Lund, M. S., Solhaug, B., Stølen, K. (2010). Evolution in Relation to Risk and Trust Management. Computer, 43(5):49-55.
Mikulak, R. J., McDermott, R., & Beauregard, M. (2017). The basics of FMEA. United States: CRC press.
Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Indonesia. (2011). Pedoman Kemitraan Usaha Agribisnis. Jakarta: Perpustakaan Sekretarian Jendral Kementerian Pertanian.
Nugroho (2013). Perilaku Konsumen. Jakarta: PT Karisma Putra Utama.
Power, M. (2004). The risk management of everything. The Journal of Risk Finance, 5(3), 58-65.
Raharto, S. (2016). Institutional development model cocoa farmers in east Java province district Blitar. Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia, 9, 95-102.
Risqiyah, I. A., & Santoso, I. (2017). Risiko rantai pasok agroindustri salak menggunakan fuzzy FMEA. Jurnal Manajemen & Agribisnis, 14(1), 1-1.
Saaty, T. L. (1989). Group decision making and the AHP. The analytic hierarchy process: applications and studies, 59-67.
Saloko, S., Santoso, B. B., Hadi, A. P., & Hadi, A. P. (2018). Pengembangan Agrowisata Kampung Coklat Senara Kabupaten Lombok Utara Pra Dan Pasca Bencana Alam. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR), 1, 1782-1795.
Sarinah & Taufik D. 2015. Analisis strategi penanganan risiko kekurangan pasokan pada industri pengolahan rumput laut: kasus di Sulawesi Selatan. Jurnal Agritech 35(2):225–233.
Schlegel, G. L., & Trent, R. J. (2014). Supply chain risk management: An emerging discipline. Florida: CRC Press.
Schwan, R. F., & Wheals, A. E. (2004). The microbiology of cocoa fermentation and its role in chocolate quality. Critical reviews in food science and nutrition, 44(4), 205-221.
Seta, A. J. (2019). Strategi Pemasaran Agroindustri Pengolahan Susu di Kecamatan Mojosongo Kabupaten Boyolali (Studi Kasus di MSME Finestkee Kefir). Agrista, 7(1).
Sjah, T., & Zainuri, Z. (2020). Agricultural supply chain and food security. In Zero Hunger (pp. 79-88). Cham: Springer International Publishing.
Soekartawi, S. (2007). Beberapa Hal yang Perlu Diperhatikan dalam Melakukan Analisis Sistem Agroindustri Terpadu. Jurnal Agribisnis dan Ekonomi Pertanian, 1(2), 31-47.
Supeno, B., & Erwan, N. M. L. E. (2018). Diversifikasi Pemanfaatan Limbah Kulit Buah Kopi untuk Produk yang Bernilai Ekonomis Tinggi di Kabupaten Lombok Utara. Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat dan Corporate Social Responsibility (PKM-CSR), 1, 449-457.
Tompodung, E., Worang, F. G., & Roring, F. (2016). Tilapia Fish Supply Chain Analysis in Eris District, Minahasa Regency. Jurnal EMBA, 4(4), 279-290.
Published
2025-03-01
How to Cite
Fatimah, A., Aditiawati, P., & Simatupang, T. (2025). RISK MANAGEMENT ON COCOA SUPPLY CHAIN IN MSME KAMPUNG COKLAT SENARA, LOMBOK, INDONESIA. Journal of Management : Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), 18(1), 73-94. https://doi.org/10.35508/jom.v18i1.18362
Section
Articles
