ANALISIS POLA DISTRIBUSI UNSUR-UNSUR CUACA DI LAPISAN ATAS ATMOSFER DI WILAYAH KOTA KUPANG
Abstract
Abstrak
Telah dilakukan analisis pola distribusi unsur-unsur cuaca di lapisan atas atmosfer di wilayah kota Kupang, menggunakan data radiosonde dengan rentang data selama 4 tahun (2015-2018) dari 4 titik pengambilan data yaitu di kota kupang, banjarmasin, surabaya, dan makassar yang meliputi data suhu, kelembapan dan angin yang kemudian dibuat menjadi peta distribusi dengan menggunakan aplikasi surfer 13. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa pada bulan April-September (musim kemarau), di lapisan 850 mb memiliki suhu di BBU yang lebih tinggi dari BBS, dan kelembapannya paling tinggi ada di wilayah banjarmasin dan paling rendah ada di wilayah kota Kupang. Pada lapisan 700 mb distribusi suhu tidak merata di berbagai wilayah. Kota kupang memiliki suhu paling tinggi tetapi kelembapan paling rendah. Pada lapisan 500 mb penyebaran suhu hampir merata. Angin yang bertiup pola sirkulasi monsun timur, Serta Aliran udara dari selatan yang berpusat di BBU yang membawa massa udara kering dan stabil yang menyebabkan musim kemarau. Pada bulan Oktober–Maret (musim hujan), peta pola distribusi menunjukan bahwa pada lapisan 850 mb suhu di BBS lebih tinggi dari BBU. Suhu tertinggi ada di kota kupang tetapi kelembapannya rendah, kelembapan tertinggi ada di Banjarmasin. Pada lapisan 700 mb, suhu tertinggi di Makassar dan kelembapan paling tinggi di Banjarmasin sedangkan kelembapan paling rendah di kota Kupang. Pada lapisan 500 mb, persebaran suhu hampir merata dengan suhu paling tinggi di kota Kupang dan Kelembapan paling tinggi ada di banjarmasin. Angin yang bertiup adalah pola sirkulasi monsun barat. Serta angin utara yang membawa massa udara yang lembab dan tidak stabil yang menyebabkan musim hujan.
Kata kunci: radiosonde; distribusi cuaca; surfer13.
Abstract
[Analysis of the distribution patterns of weather elements in the upper atmosphere in the Kupang city area] The Analysis of the distribution patterns of weather elements in the upper atmosphere using radiosonde data with a range of data for 4 years (2015-2018) from 4 data collection points, namely in Kupang, Banjarmasin, Surabaya, and Makasar which included temperature, humidity and wind data which are then made into a distribution map using the surfer 13 application. The results of the analysis show that in April-September (dry season), the 850 mb layer has a temperature at BBU that is higher than BBS, and the highest humidity is in the area of Banjarmasin and the lowest is in the city of Kupang. In the 700 mb layer the temperature distribution is uneven in various regions. Kupang city has the highest temperature but the lowest humidity. In the 500 mb layer the temperature is spread evenly. Winds that blow the circulation patterns of the east monsoon, as well as air flow from the south which is centered at the BBU which carries a dry and stable air mass that causes the dry season. In October - March (the rainy season), the distribution pattern map shows that at 850 mb layer the temperature at BBS higher than BBU. The highest temperature is in Kupang city but the humidity is low, the highest humidity is in Banjarmasin. In the 700 mb layer, the highest temperature in Makassar and the highest humidity in Banjarmasin while the lowest humidity in Kupang. In the 500 mb layer, the temperature distribution is almost evenly distributed with the highest temperature in Kupang city and the highest humidity is in Banjarmasin. The wind that blows is the circulation pattern of the western monsoon. As well as northern winds that bring masses of moist and unstable air which causes the rainy season.
Keywords: radiosonde; weather distribution; surfer 13.
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Jl. Adisucipto, Penfui-Kupang, Lasiana, Klp. Lima, Kota Kupang, Nusa Tenggara Timur., Indonesia
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