The influence of workload, work-life balance, and role conflict on the performance of employee students (DLC) at Stikubank University Semarang
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Leony Anggita Maharani(1*)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Stikubank University Semarang
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Suhana Suhana(2)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Stikubank University Semarang
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Workload, Work-Life Balance, Role Conflict, Performance
Abstract
This study examines the influence of workload, work–life balance, and role conflict on the performance of student employees at Stikubank University. In the context of increasing academic and occupational demands, student employees often face challenges related to balancing educational responsibilities and work commitments, which may affect their overall performance. Employing a quantitative research design, data were collected through structured questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents selected using purposive sampling techniques. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS Statistics. The findings reveal that workload and work–life balance exert positive and significant influences on employee performance, with work–life balance emerging as the most dominant factor in enhancing the performance of student employees. These results indicate that effective management of time, personal well-being, and work responsibilities contributes substantially to maintaining productivity and performance among working students. In contrast, role conflict was found to have no significant effect on performance, suggesting that student employees were generally capable of managing their dual roles without substantial disruption to their work outcomes. The study highlights the strategic importance of balancing academic and occupational responsibilities and contributes to the broader literature on student employment, work–life balance, and human resource management in higher education contexts.
Keywords: Workload; Work-Life Balance; Role Conflict; Performance
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References
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Conley, S., Woosley, S. A. (2000). Teacher role stress, higher order needs and work outcomes. Journal of Educational Administration, 38(2), 179-201.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09578230010320163
Dhelvia, R. (2018, November). The Influence Workload and Competence on Employee Performance in PT X Finance. In International Conference on Business, Economic, Social Science and Humanities (ICOBEST 2018) (pp. 135-138). Atlantis Press.
Daipuria, P. and Kakar, D. (2013), “Work-life balance for working parents: perspectives and strategies”, Journal of Strategic Human Resource Management, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 45-52.
Endarwita, E., Yuliza, M., & Resita, P. (2021). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Konflik Peran Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pt. Primatama Mulia Jaya (Pmj) Kecamatan Kinali Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika, 6(1), 127-138.
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Farisi, S., Irnawati, J., & Fahmi, M. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Humaniora, 4(1), 15–33.
Fisher, C.D. (2002) ‘Antecedents and consequences of real-time affective reactions at work’, Motivation and Emotion, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp.3–30.
Ghozali, I. (2021). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 26 Edisi 10. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict.between work and..family roles. Academy of management review, 10(1), 76-88.
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Jomuad, P. D., Mabelle Antiquina, L. M., Cericos, E. U., Bacus, J. A., Vallejo, J. H., Dionio, B. B., Bazar, J. S., Cocolan, J. V, & Clarin, A. S. (2021). Teachers’ workload in relation to burnout and work performance. International Journal of Educational Policy Research and Review, 8(2), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.15739/IJEPRR.21.007
Kahn, R. L., Wolfe, D. M., Quinn, R. P., Snoek, J. D., & Rosenthal, R. A. (1964). Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity. New York: Wiley
Kalliath, T., & Brough, P. (2008). Work-life balance: A review of the meaning of the balance construct. Journal of Management & Organization, 14(3), 323–327. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5172/jmo.837.14.3.323
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Lestari, W. M., Liana, L., & Aquinia, A. (2020). Pengaruh stres kerja, konflik kerja dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 27(2), 100-110.
Lubis, R. W. Az., Siahaan, E., & Sinulingga, S. (2024). The Influence of Job Stress, Work Life Balance and Role Conflict on Employee Performance PT. X (Banking Company). The International Conference on Education, Social Sciences and Technology (ICESST), 3(2), 153–161. https://doi.org/10.55606/icesst.v3i2.429
Manalu, W. A., & Lubis, Y. (2022). Effect of Workload and Work Stress on Employees Performance Through Job Satifaction as Intervening Variable in Rubber Plantation, Serdang II District, PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III. In Journal of Management Journal homepage:www. enrichment.iocspublisher.org Enrichment: Journal of Management (Vol. 12, Issue 2).
Mangkunegara, A. P. 2005. Evaluasi Kinerja SDM. Bandung : PT. Rineka Cipta.
Mangkunegara, A. P. 2011. Evaluasi Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia, Edisi Kedua. Bandung : PT Refika Aditama.
Mazloum, A., Kumashiro, M., Izumi, H., & Higuchi, Y. (2008). Quantitative overload: a source of stress in dataentry VDT work induced by time pressure and work difficulty. Industrial Health, 46(3),: 269-280.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.46.269
McDonald, P., Bradley, L., and Brown, K. 2005. Explanations for The Provision Utilization Gap in Work-Family Policy. Woman in Management Review (in press).
Moekijat. (2004). Manajemen Personalia dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Bandung: Penerbit Mandar Maju.
Nasution, D. A. D., Muda, I., Sumekar, A., & Abubakar, E. (2021). Analysis of The Economic Behavior of Society E-Commerce as An Impact on The Development of The 4.0 Industrial Revolution and Society 5.0. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.14-9-2020.2305669
Purnomo, K. S. H., Lustono, L., & Tatik, Y. (2021). The Effect of Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity and Job Stress on Employee Performance. Economic Education Analysis Journal, 10(3), 532–542. https://doi.org/10.15294/eeaj.v10i3.50793
Ramadhan, F. D., & Suhana. (2022). Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan: Peran Kompetensi, Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Non Fisik. SEIKO : Journal of Management & Business, 5(1), 2022–2591. https://doi.org/10.37531/sejaman.v5i1.2284
Rashid, S., Abdul Subhan, Q., & Imran, M. (2022). Impact of Work Life Balance, Workload and Supervisory Suport on Teachers’ Job Peformance with Medaiting Role of Stress: A Case of Private Institutions. In International Journal of Business and Management Sciences (Vol. 03, Issue 01). http://www.ijbms.org
Sahay, M. P. R., Lall, D. S. B., & Principal, V. M. (2024). Work-life balance of working women: Impact on job performance and promotion. International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management(IRJAEM), 2(3), 307-316.
Saifullah, F. (2020). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance dan Flexible Work Arrangement Terhadap Kinerja Karyawati Muslimah Konveksi. BISNIS: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen Islam, 8.
Sajad, I. M. A., & Safrizal, H. B. A. (2024). Pengaruh Workload dan Role Conflict Terhadap Employee Performance dengan Job Stress Sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada UMKM di Pamekasan. Relasi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 20(1), 141-152.
Santoso, Y. M. D., & Rijanti, T. (2022). Pengaruh stres kerja, beban kerja, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Daiyaplas Semarang. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(1), 926-935.
Sari, I. M., & Indrawan, M. I. (2023). The Influence of Work Life Balance and Role Conflict on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable At BPJS Employment Northern Sumatra Region. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting (IJEMA), 1(4), 261–272. https://doi.org/10.47353/ijema.v1i4.56
Seidu, M. T., Tanzubil, B. J., Awaab, J. A., & Mohammed, I. (2024). Impact of strategic procurement participation and role conflict on procurement performance: a perspective of municipal and district assemblies in the Upper East Region of Ghana. International Journal of Procurement Management, 20(1), 106–124. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPM.2024.137801
Siegel, P. A., C. Post, J. Brockner, A. Y. Fishman, and C. Garden. 2005. “The Moderating Influence of Procedural Fairness on the Relationship Between Work-Life Conflict and Organizational Commitment.” Journal of Applied Psychology 90 (1): 13–24.
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta
Turner, M., Lingard, H. and Francis, V. (2009), “Work-life balance: an exploratory study of supports and barriers in a construction project”, International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 94-111.
Unguren, E., & Arslan, S. (2021). The effect of role ambiguity and role conflict on job performance in the hotel industry: The mediating effect of job satisfaction. Tourism and Management Studies, 17(1), 45–58.
https://doi.org/10.18089/TMS.2021.170104
Winardi. (2003). Manajemen Prilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: Kencana.
Wisudawati, N., & Pratama, D. A. (2021). The Influence of Workload and Stress on Employee Performance in PT X Palm Oil Mill. In International Journal of Science. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id
Zaenha, M. A. R., & Kusuma, K. A. (2024). The Influence Of Work Stress, Work Life Balance And Role Conflict On The Performance Of Employees Who Are Studying At The University Of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo (UMSIDA)
https://instiki.ac.id/2023/05/02/mengenal-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-atau-tujuan-pembangunan-
Zysman, J., & Costinot, A. (2022). Medical Research, Nursing, Health and Midwife Participation The Influence Of Work Discipline And Workload On Employee Performance (Study on Comnunity Empowerment for Helath Service Employees At California District). https://medalionjournal.com/
Arsintescu, L., Chachad, R., Gregory, K. B., Mulligan, J. B., & Flynn-Evans, E. E. (2020). The relationship between workload, performance and fatigue in a short-haul airline. Chronobiology International, 37(9–10), 1492–1494.
https://doi.org/10.1080/07420528.2020.1804924
Conley, S., Woosley, S. A. (2000). Teacher role stress, higher order needs and work outcomes. Journal of Educational Administration, 38(2), 179-201.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/09578230010320163
Dhelvia, R. (2018, November). The Influence Workload and Competence on Employee Performance in PT X Finance. In International Conference on Business, Economic, Social Science and Humanities (ICOBEST 2018) (pp. 135-138). Atlantis Press.
Daipuria, P. and Kakar, D. (2013), “Work-life balance for working parents: perspectives and strategies”, Journal of Strategic Human Resource Management, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 45-52.
Endarwita, E., Yuliza, M., & Resita, P. (2021). Pengaruh Beban Kerja Dan Konflik Peran Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pt. Primatama Mulia Jaya (Pmj) Kecamatan Kinali Kabupaten Pasaman Barat. Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomika, 6(1), 127-138.
Fahmi, H. K. , M. S. , & N. N. (2019). Role Conflict, Self Efficacy, Employees’ Performance and Organizational Performance. In Journal of Accounting Research (Vol. 2, Issue 1). www/http/jurnal.unsyiah.ac.id/JAROE
Farisi, S., Irnawati, J., & Fahmi, M. (2020). Pengaruh Motivasi Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Humaniora, 4(1), 15–33.
Fisher, C.D. (2002) ‘Antecedents and consequences of real-time affective reactions at work’, Motivation and Emotion, Vol. 26, No. 1, pp.3–30.
Ghozali, I. (2021). Aplikasi Analisis Multivariate dengan Program IBM SPSS 26 Edisi 10. Semarang: Badan Penerbit Universitas Diponegoro.
Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict.between work and..family roles. Academy of management review, 10(1), 76-88.
Hassan, Z., Ali, A., & Imran, M. (2022). Sarcouncil Journal of Economics and Business Management under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) International License Influence of Workload and Level of Stress on Work Life Balance, Organizational Commitment and Performance among the Employees in Higher Education Context of Maldives. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14502302
Johari, J., Yean Tan, F., & Tjik Zulkarnain, Z. I. (2018). Autonomy, workload, work-life balance and job performance among teachers. International Journal of Educational Management, 32(1), 107-120.
Jomuad, P. D., Mabelle Antiquina, L. M., Cericos, E. U., Bacus, J. A., Vallejo, J. H., Dionio, B. B., Bazar, J. S., Cocolan, J. V, & Clarin, A. S. (2021). Teachers’ workload in relation to burnout and work performance. International Journal of Educational Policy Research and Review, 8(2), 48–53. https://doi.org/10.15739/IJEPRR.21.007
Kahn, R. L., Wolfe, D. M., Quinn, R. P., Snoek, J. D., & Rosenthal, R. A. (1964). Organizational stress: Studies in role conflict and ambiguity. New York: Wiley
Kalliath, T., & Brough, P. (2008). Work-life balance: A review of the meaning of the balance construct. Journal of Management & Organization, 14(3), 323–327. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5172/jmo.837.14.3.323
Koesomowidjojo, S. (2017). Panduan Praktis Menyusun Analisis Beban Kerja. Jakarta: Raih Asa Sukses
Lestari, W. M., Liana, L., & Aquinia, A. (2020). Pengaruh stres kerja, konflik kerja dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan. Jurnal Bisnis Dan Ekonomi, 27(2), 100-110.
Lubis, R. W. Az., Siahaan, E., & Sinulingga, S. (2024). The Influence of Job Stress, Work Life Balance and Role Conflict on Employee Performance PT. X (Banking Company). The International Conference on Education, Social Sciences and Technology (ICESST), 3(2), 153–161. https://doi.org/10.55606/icesst.v3i2.429
Manalu, W. A., & Lubis, Y. (2022). Effect of Workload and Work Stress on Employees Performance Through Job Satifaction as Intervening Variable in Rubber Plantation, Serdang II District, PT. Perkebunan Nusantara III. In Journal of Management Journal homepage:www. enrichment.iocspublisher.org Enrichment: Journal of Management (Vol. 12, Issue 2).
Mangkunegara, A. P. 2005. Evaluasi Kinerja SDM. Bandung : PT. Rineka Cipta.
Mangkunegara, A. P. 2011. Evaluasi Kinerja Sumber Daya Manusia, Edisi Kedua. Bandung : PT Refika Aditama.
Mazloum, A., Kumashiro, M., Izumi, H., & Higuchi, Y. (2008). Quantitative overload: a source of stress in dataentry VDT work induced by time pressure and work difficulty. Industrial Health, 46(3),: 269-280.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2486/indhealth.46.269
McDonald, P., Bradley, L., and Brown, K. 2005. Explanations for The Provision Utilization Gap in Work-Family Policy. Woman in Management Review (in press).
Moekijat. (2004). Manajemen Personalia dan Sumber Daya Manusia. Bandung: Penerbit Mandar Maju.
Nasution, D. A. D., Muda, I., Sumekar, A., & Abubakar, E. (2021). Analysis of The Economic Behavior of Society E-Commerce as An Impact on The Development of The 4.0 Industrial Revolution and Society 5.0. 1–9. https://doi.org/10.4108/eai.14-9-2020.2305669
Purnomo, K. S. H., Lustono, L., & Tatik, Y. (2021). The Effect of Role Conflict, Role Ambiguity and Job Stress on Employee Performance. Economic Education Analysis Journal, 10(3), 532–542. https://doi.org/10.15294/eeaj.v10i3.50793
Ramadhan, F. D., & Suhana. (2022). Peningkatan Kinerja Karyawan: Peran Kompetensi, Lingkungan Kerja Fisik dan Non Fisik. SEIKO : Journal of Management & Business, 5(1), 2022–2591. https://doi.org/10.37531/sejaman.v5i1.2284
Rashid, S., Abdul Subhan, Q., & Imran, M. (2022). Impact of Work Life Balance, Workload and Supervisory Suport on Teachers’ Job Peformance with Medaiting Role of Stress: A Case of Private Institutions. In International Journal of Business and Management Sciences (Vol. 03, Issue 01). http://www.ijbms.org
Sahay, M. P. R., Lall, D. S. B., & Principal, V. M. (2024). Work-life balance of working women: Impact on job performance and promotion. International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management(IRJAEM), 2(3), 307-316.
Saifullah, F. (2020). Pengaruh Work-Life Balance dan Flexible Work Arrangement Terhadap Kinerja Karyawati Muslimah Konveksi. BISNIS: Jurnal Bisnis Dan Manajemen Islam, 8.
Sajad, I. M. A., & Safrizal, H. B. A. (2024). Pengaruh Workload dan Role Conflict Terhadap Employee Performance dengan Job Stress Sebagai Variabel Mediasi pada UMKM di Pamekasan. Relasi: Jurnal Ekonomi, 20(1), 141-152.
Santoso, Y. M. D., & Rijanti, T. (2022). Pengaruh stres kerja, beban kerja, dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan PT. Daiyaplas Semarang. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 11(1), 926-935.
Sari, I. M., & Indrawan, M. I. (2023). The Influence of Work Life Balance and Role Conflict on Employee Performance with Organizational Commitment as an Intervening Variable At BPJS Employment Northern Sumatra Region. International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting (IJEMA), 1(4), 261–272. https://doi.org/10.47353/ijema.v1i4.56
Seidu, M. T., Tanzubil, B. J., Awaab, J. A., & Mohammed, I. (2024). Impact of strategic procurement participation and role conflict on procurement performance: a perspective of municipal and district assemblies in the Upper East Region of Ghana. International Journal of Procurement Management, 20(1), 106–124. https://doi.org/10.1504/IJPM.2024.137801
Siegel, P. A., C. Post, J. Brockner, A. Y. Fishman, and C. Garden. 2005. “The Moderating Influence of Procedural Fairness on the Relationship Between Work-Life Conflict and Organizational Commitment.” Journal of Applied Psychology 90 (1): 13–24.
Sugiyono. (2023). Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Dan R & D. Bandung: Alfabeta
Turner, M., Lingard, H. and Francis, V. (2009), “Work-life balance: an exploratory study of supports and barriers in a construction project”, International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, Vol. 2 No. 1, pp. 94-111.
Unguren, E., & Arslan, S. (2021). The effect of role ambiguity and role conflict on job performance in the hotel industry: The mediating effect of job satisfaction. Tourism and Management Studies, 17(1), 45–58.
https://doi.org/10.18089/TMS.2021.170104
Winardi. (2003). Manajemen Prilaku Organisasi. Jakarta: Kencana.
Wisudawati, N., & Pratama, D. A. (2021). The Influence of Workload and Stress on Employee Performance in PT X Palm Oil Mill. In International Journal of Science. http://ijstm.inarah.co.id
Zaenha, M. A. R., & Kusuma, K. A. (2024). The Influence Of Work Stress, Work Life Balance And Role Conflict On The Performance Of Employees Who Are Studying At The University Of Muhammadiyah Sidoarjo (UMSIDA)
https://instiki.ac.id/2023/05/02/mengenal-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs-atau-tujuan-pembangunan-
Zysman, J., & Costinot, A. (2022). Medical Research, Nursing, Health and Midwife Participation The Influence Of Work Discipline And Workload On Employee Performance (Study on Comnunity Empowerment for Helath Service Employees At California District). https://medalionjournal.com/
Published
2026-07-03
How to Cite
Maharani, L., & Suhana, S. (2026). The influence of workload, work-life balance, and role conflict on the performance of employee students (DLC) at Stikubank University Semarang. Journal of Management : Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), 19(2), 877-889. https://doi.org/10.35508/jom.v19i2.24027
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Articles
