THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK ENVIRONMENT AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE IN INFLUENCING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE GORONTALO REGENCY CIVIL SERVICE AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AGENCY
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Ananda Saskia Dali(1*)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Gorontalo
-
Muchtar Ahmad(2)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Gorontalo
-
Syamsul B Biki(3)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Gorontalo
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Work Environment, Work-Life Balance, Employee Performance
Abstract
This inquiry aimed to clarify the degree to which the organizational milieu, together with the equilibrium between occupational obligations and personal life, shapes employee performance, both as separate influences and as a combined set of determinants, within the Personnel and Human Resource Development Agency of Gorontalo Regency. The investigation adopted a quantitative design. Essential information was gathered through questionnaire instruments distributed to a purposively selected group of 48 officials. The resulting data were processed using descriptive summaries and inferential analyses, including t-tests, F-tests, and an adjusted coefficient of determination, with IBM SPSS 22 for Windows serving as the analytical platform. The findings demonstrate that the organizational environment produces a positive and statistically significant effect on employee performance in the agency. They also show that work–life balance contributes positively and significantly to performance outcomes. When evaluated jointly, these two variables enhance employees’ performance in a meaningful way. The adjusted R-squared value of 64.2 percent indicates that these predictors explain a substantial share of the performance variance, while the remaining 35.8 percent originates from other influences not addressed in the study. As a result, all research hypotheses are empirically supported and accepted.
Keywords: Work Environment; Work-Life Balance; Employee Performance
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References
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Makkira, M., Syakir, M., Kurniawan, S., Sani, A., & Ngandoh, A. M. (2022). The Influence of Work Stress, Work Communication, and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at PT. Prima Karya Manunggal, Pangkep Regency. Amkop Management Accounting Review (AMAR), 2(1), 20–27
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Mustaki, T., Mendo, A. Y., & Biki, S. (2025). The Influence of Servant Leadership and Work Environment on Employee Performance. Scientific Journal of Management and Business, 7(3), 1429–1436.
Nasution, M. I., Rahayu, R., Muhammadiyah, U., & Utara, S. (2020). The Influence of Career Development and Competence on Employee Work Performance. Seminar of Social Sciences Engineering & Humanities, 494–503.
Ngangi, A. T., Solang, D. J., & Mandang, J. H. (2023). The Relationship Between Family Support and Work-Life Balance Among Employees. Journal of Research Science (JSR), 13(September), 493–498. http://journal.unigha.ac.id/index.php/JSR
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Nugraha, E., Rismansyah, & Hendri, E. (2024). Factors Affecting the Work Performance of Employees of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Class I Navigation District of Palembang. Wahana Pendidikan Scientific Journal, 10(1), 346–362.
Octavia, D., & Anggarani W. (2022). The Influence of Work Environment on Work Performance Mediated by Motivation. Sibatik Journal: Scientific Journal in the Fields of Social, Economic, Cultural, Technology, and Education, 1(12), 2849–2862. https://doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v1i12.460
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https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jras/article/view/10792
Putri, S. W., & Frianto, A. (2023). The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Employee Performance Through Organizational Commitment. Journal of Management Science, 11(2).
Https://Journal.Unesa.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Jim/Article/View/22945
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Rokhimah, A., Wolor, C., W & Marsofiyati. (2023). The Influence of Skills, Work Environment, and Training on Work Performance at LPM Econochannel FE UNJ. OPTIMAL Journal of Economics and Management, 4(1), 138–149. https://doi.org/10.55606/optimal.v4i1.2592
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Safitri, E. A., Afriyani, F., & Lazuarni, S. (2023). The Influence of Work Motivation, Work Experience, and Work Environment on Work Performance at PT Asabri (Persero) Palembang. Eksis: Journal of Economics and Business, 14(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.33087/eksis.v14i1.342
Samsudin, A., Prabowo, B., Dwitama, I. K., Alexandre, G., Lutfiyah, N. D., & Hakim, Y. (2024). Penilaian Prestasi Kerja Berpengaruh terhadap Efektifitas Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(1), 2124–2131.
https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v8i1.12714
Satrio, A. W., & Isyanto, P. (2025). Pentingnya Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Organisasi manajemen sumber daya manusia terhadap peningkatan kinerja organisasi . Kebaruan pada. Global Leadership Organizational Research in Management, 3, 191–198.
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Simamora, G. H., Nadapdap, K., & Raja, T. (2020). The Influence of Work Discipline and Performance Appraisal on Employee Work Performance at the Belawan Agricultural Quarantine Center. Methonomi Scientific Journal, 6(2) 87–94.
Stratton SJ. Purposeful Sampling: Advantages and Pitfalls. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2024 Apr;39(2):121-122. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X24000281.
Sonnentag, S. (2020). Dynamics of well-being, performance, and self-regulation at work: An experience sampling study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(9), 1150–1166
Sugara, S., Adji, S., & Chamidah, S. (2020). The Influence of Physical and Non-Physical Work Environments on Employee Productivity at PT. Astra Honda Pematangsiantar. Journal of Economics and Management.
Sujarweni, V. W. (2020). Business & Economics Research Methodology. Yogyakarta: PT. Pustaka Baru.
Sedayu, M. S., & Rushadiyati. (2021). The Influence of Work Environment and Individual Characteristics on Employee Performance at SMK Kartini. Journal of Administration and Management, 11(2), 136–145.
https://doi.org/10.52643/jam.v11i2.1880
Syafrizal, R. (2021). The Influence of Compensation and Work Environment on Employee Motivation at the Tebingtinggi City General Election Commission Secretariat. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 4(2), 1258–1266. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v4i2.496
Tarijan, W., Girsang, R. M., & Martina, S. (2022). The Effect of Physical and Non-Physical Work Environments on Employee Productivity at PT. Astra Pematangsiantar. Journal of Management Science.
Wahyuningrum, M. S., Febrilia, I., & Fidhyallah, N. F. (2023). Pengaruh Online Consumer Reviews dan Promosi Menggunakan Media Sosial Tiktok Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Keuangan, 4(2), 359–373.
Wijayanto, P., Suharti, L., & Chaniago, R. (2022). The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Employee Engagement and Its Impact on Turn-Over Intentions and Job Characteristics as Moderators (A Study of Generation Y Employees in Indonesia). Journal of Education Economics and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v10n1.p83-98
Windika Putri, S., & Frianto, A. (2023). The Influence of Work-Life Balance on Employee Performance Through Organizational Commitment. Journal of Management Science, 11(2), 293–305.
Wulansari, O. D. (2023). Narrative Literature Review: Factors Affecting Work-Life Balance. Psychopreneur Journal, 7(45), 15–28.
Yusnita, R. T., & Nurlinawaty, R. (2022). How Do Work Stress and Work-Life Balance in Female Workers Mediate Work-Family Conflict with Work Performance? Journal of Management and Organization, 13(3), 257–269.
https://doi.org/10.29244/jmo.v13i3.40867
Yusrianingsih, & Irawan, I. (2023). The Influence of Work Environment and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at the Cooperative, Industry, and Trade Office ( ) of Bima City. Scientific Journal of Management, Business, and Entrepreneurship, 3(3), 148–166. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurimbik.v3i3.533
Abdussamad, Z. 2021. Qualitative Research Methods. Makassar; Syakir Media Press.
Aeni, N., & Yudhanegara, D. (2024). The Influence of Regional Environment and Work Compensation on Employee Performance (Case Study at Perhutani Legok Haji). Jurnal Ekonomika, 12(1), 639–653.
Ahmad, M. (2021). The Impact Of Work Culture On The Apparatus Work Performance. Dia: Journal Of Public Administration, 19(1), 253–261.
Https://Doi.Org/10.30996/Dia.V19i1.5141
Alfarisi, S., & Rujiman, T. S. (2023). Analisis Peremajaan Kawasan Kumuh Kelurahan Kampung Aur Kecamatan Medan Maimun Kota Medan Analysis of Rejuvenation of Slum Areas in Kampung Aur Village , Medan Maimun District , Medan City. EKONOMIKAWAN : Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi Dan Studi Pembangunan, 23(1), 165–173.
Aprilliana, S., & Eka, P. D. (2024). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja terhadap Produktivitas Pegawai ASN Suku Dinas Penanggulangan Kebakaran dan Penyelamatan Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan. Cakrawala: Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Bisnis, 1(2), 247–256.
https://doi.org/10.70451/cakrawala.v1i2.9
Arifin, A. D. C., Dama, H., & Rahman, E. (2022). The Influence Of Work Environment And Leadership Style On Work Motivation At The Gorontalo City Post Office. Scientific Journal Of Management And Business, 5(1), 2620–2623.
Aula, S., Hanoum, S., & Prihananto, P. (2022). Peran manajemen sumber daya manusia dalam meningkatkan resiliensi organisasi: Sebuah studi literatur. Jurnal Sains dan Seni ITS, 11(1), 143–148.
Bari, A., & Hidayat, R. (2022). Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Theory on Gadget Brand Purchase Decisions. Motivation Journal of Management and Business, 7, 8–14.
Biki, S. B., Mendo, A. Y., & Hilala, E. (2021). The success of SAP Human Resource Information System (HRIS) implementation in the automotive industry in Sunter, North Jakarta. NUSANTARA: Journal of Social Sciences, 8(7), 2430–2436. https://doi.org/10.31604/jips.v8i7.2021.2430-2436
Chung, H., & van der Lippe, T. (2020). Flexible Working, Work–Life Balance, and Gender Equality: Introduction. Social Indicators Research, 151(2), 365–381. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-2025-x
Dumitriu, S., Bocean, C. G., Vărzaru, A. A., Al-Floarei, A. T., Sperdea, N. M., Popescu, F. L., & Băloi, I.-C. (2025). The Role of the Workplace Environment in Shaping Employees’ Well-Being. Sustainability, 17(6), 2613.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su17062613
Diu, J., Yoganingsih, T., & Husadha, C. (2024). The Influence of Work Motivation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance in Bojong Rawalumbu Subdistrict 2024 Bhayangkara University Jakarta Raya, Indonesia Source: Bojong Rawalumbu Subdistrict Based on Table 1 above, it can be seen that the average number. Creative Management Journal, 2(3), 231–233.
Defasya, T. M. R., Asmawi, M. R., & Utami, P. (2024). Kualitas Pelayanan Publik Aplikasi SIAPkerja di Kantor Kementrian Ketenagakerjaan RI.Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan,10(5), 899-907
Dewi, A. F. (2024). The effect of work performance on employee job satisfaction at PT. Jasa Marga Medan. Prima Journal of Business Economics and Management, Volume VI, 1–15.
Ghozali, I. (2021). Aplikasi analisis multivariate dengan program IBM SPSS 26 (10th ed.). Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro.
Gultom, R., Sitorus, S., & Purba, E. (2024). The Influence of Work-Life Balance and Gender with Soft Skills as Moderating Variables on the Work Performance of Employees at Advent Hospital Medan. Journal of Economics, Business, Management and Accounting (Jebma), 4, 936–945.
Harefa, D. (2020). The Influence of Science Teachers' Work Motivation and Discipline on Work Performance. Journal of Non-Formal Education: AKSARA, 06, 225–240. ejournal.pps.ung.ac.id/index.php/Aksara
Kurniawan, S., Sani, A., & Ngando, A. M. (2022). Amkop Management Accounting Review (AMAR) The Influence of Work Stress, Work Communication, and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at PT. Prima Karya Manunggal, Pangkep Regency. Amkop Management Accounting Review, 2(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.37531/amar.v2i1.141
Khaeruman, et al. (2021). Human Resource Management. Serang City: CV. AA, Rizky
Magdalena et al. (2021). Research Methods. Rejang Lembong: CV. Andhra Grafika
Mahardika, A. A., Ingarianti, T. M., & Zulfiana, U. (2022). Work-life balance among Generation Z employees. Collabryzk Journal for Scientific Studies, 1, 1–16.
Makkira, M., Syakir, M., Kurniawan, S., Sani, A., & Ngandoh, A. M. (2022). The Influence of Work Stress, Work Communication, and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance at PT. Prima Karya Manunggal, Pangkep Regency. Amkop Management Accounting Review (AMAR), 2(1), 20–27
Maulana, A., Ahmad, M., & Rahman, E. (2024). Work-Life Balance and Leadership Style: Their Implications on Employee Work Motivation at PT. Telkom Witel Gorontalo. As-Syirkah: Islamic Economics & Financial Journal, 3, 1819–1836. https://doi.org/10.56672/assyirkah.v3i3.389
Mustaki, T., Mendo, A. Y., & Biki, S. (2025). The Influence of Servant Leadership and Work Environment on Employee Performance. Scientific Journal of Management and Business, 7(3), 1429–1436.
Nasution, M. I., Rahayu, R., Muhammadiyah, U., & Utara, S. (2020). The Influence of Career Development and Competence on Employee Work Performance. Seminar of Social Sciences Engineering & Humanities, 494–503.
Ngangi, A. T., Solang, D. J., & Mandang, J. H. (2023). The Relationship Between Family Support and Work-Life Balance Among Employees. Journal of Research Science (JSR), 13(September), 493–498. http://journal.unigha.ac.id/index.php/JSR
Nguyen, P., Yandi, A., & Mahaputra, M. (2020). Article Information Received: 18. Dinasti International Journal Of Digital Business Management, 1(4), 645–662. https://doi.org/10.31933/DIJDBM
Nugraha, E., Rismansyah, & Hendri, E. (2024). Factors Affecting the Work Performance of Employees of the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, Class I Navigation District of Palembang. Wahana Pendidikan Scientific Journal, 10(1), 346–362.
Octavia, D., & Anggarani W. (2022). The Influence of Work Environment on Work Performance Mediated by Motivation. Sibatik Journal: Scientific Journal in the Fields of Social, Economic, Cultural, Technology, and Education, 1(12), 2849–2862. https://doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v1i12.460
Patongai, S. A., Yantu, I., & Rahman, E. (2024). The Effect of Work Environment and Indirect Compensation on Employee Job Satisfaction at Indomaret Gorontalo Depot (PT. Indomarco Prismatama). Economics and Digital Business Review, 5(1), 346–357.
Putra, A., & Rahmawati, D. (2022). Uji asumsi klasik pada regresi linear berganda. Jurnal Riset Akuntansi & Statistik, 10(2), 45–56.
https://jos.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jras/article/view/10792
Putri, S. W., & Frianto, A. (2023). The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Employee Performance Through Organizational Commitment. Journal of Management Science, 11(2).
Https://Journal.Unesa.Ac.Id/Index.Php/Jim/Article/View/22945
Podungge, R., Biki, S. B., & Wahidji, S. (2023). SEIKO : Journal of Management & Business The Influence of Work Environment and Occupational Health and Safety (K3) on Employee Performance at the Bone Bolango Regional Water Company (PDAM). 6(1), 573–579. https://doi.org/10.37531/sejaman.v6i1.4165
Rokhimah, A., Wolor, C., W & Marsofiyati. (2023). The Influence of Skills, Work Environment, and Training on Work Performance at LPM Econochannel FE UNJ. OPTIMAL Journal of Economics and Management, 4(1), 138–149. https://doi.org/10.55606/optimal.v4i1.2592
Safira, C., Karnadi, & Tulhusnah, L. (2024). Human Resource Development (Bkpsdm) Situbondo. Journal of Entrepreneurial Students (JME) FEB UNARS, 3(12), 2361–2373.
Safitri, E. A., Afriyani, F., & Lazuarni, S. (2023). The Influence of Work Motivation, Work Experience, and Work Environment on Work Performance at PT Asabri (Persero) Palembang. Eksis: Journal of Economics and Business, 14(1), 107. https://doi.org/10.33087/eksis.v14i1.342
Samsudin, A., Prabowo, B., Dwitama, I. K., Alexandre, G., Lutfiyah, N. D., & Hakim, Y. (2024). Penilaian Prestasi Kerja Berpengaruh terhadap Efektifitas Kinerja Karyawan. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 8(1), 2124–2131.
https://doi.org/10.31004/jptam.v8i1.12714
Satrio, A. W., & Isyanto, P. (2025). Pentingnya Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia dalam Meningkatkan Kinerja Organisasi manajemen sumber daya manusia terhadap peningkatan kinerja organisasi . Kebaruan pada. Global Leadership Organizational Research in Management, 3, 191–198.
doi: https://doi.org/10.59841/glory.v3i3.2956
Simamora, G. H., Nadapdap, K., & Raja, T. (2020). The Influence of Work Discipline and Performance Appraisal on Employee Work Performance at the Belawan Agricultural Quarantine Center. Methonomi Scientific Journal, 6(2) 87–94.
Stratton SJ. Purposeful Sampling: Advantages and Pitfalls. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2024 Apr;39(2):121-122. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X24000281.
Sonnentag, S. (2020). Dynamics of well-being, performance, and self-regulation at work: An experience sampling study. Journal of Applied Psychology, 105(9), 1150–1166
Sugara, S., Adji, S., & Chamidah, S. (2020). The Influence of Physical and Non-Physical Work Environments on Employee Productivity at PT. Astra Honda Pematangsiantar. Journal of Economics and Management.
Sujarweni, V. W. (2020). Business & Economics Research Methodology. Yogyakarta: PT. Pustaka Baru.
Sedayu, M. S., & Rushadiyati. (2021). The Influence of Work Environment and Individual Characteristics on Employee Performance at SMK Kartini. Journal of Administration and Management, 11(2), 136–145.
https://doi.org/10.52643/jam.v11i2.1880
Syafrizal, R. (2021). The Influence of Compensation and Work Environment on Employee Motivation at the Tebingtinggi City General Election Commission Secretariat. Dinasti International Journal of Digital Business Management, 4(2), 1258–1266. https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v4i2.496
Tarijan, W., Girsang, R. M., & Martina, S. (2022). The Effect of Physical and Non-Physical Work Environments on Employee Productivity at PT. Astra Pematangsiantar. Journal of Management Science.
Wahyuningrum, M. S., Febrilia, I., & Fidhyallah, N. F. (2023). Pengaruh Online Consumer Reviews dan Promosi Menggunakan Media Sosial Tiktok Terhadap Keputusan Pembelian. Jurnal Bisnis, Manajemen, Dan Keuangan, 4(2), 359–373.
Wijayanto, P., Suharti, L., & Chaniago, R. (2022). The Effect of Work-Life Balance on Employee Engagement and Its Impact on Turn-Over Intentions and Job Characteristics as Moderators (A Study of Generation Y Employees in Indonesia). Journal of Education Economics and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 83–98. https://doi.org/10.26740/jepk.v10n1.p83-98
Windika Putri, S., & Frianto, A. (2023). The Influence of Work-Life Balance on Employee Performance Through Organizational Commitment. Journal of Management Science, 11(2), 293–305.
Wulansari, O. D. (2023). Narrative Literature Review: Factors Affecting Work-Life Balance. Psychopreneur Journal, 7(45), 15–28.
Yusnita, R. T., & Nurlinawaty, R. (2022). How Do Work Stress and Work-Life Balance in Female Workers Mediate Work-Family Conflict with Work Performance? Journal of Management and Organization, 13(3), 257–269.
https://doi.org/10.29244/jmo.v13i3.40867
Yusrianingsih, & Irawan, I. (2023). The Influence of Work Environment and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at the Cooperative, Industry, and Trade Office ( ) of Bima City. Scientific Journal of Management, Business, and Entrepreneurship, 3(3), 148–166. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurimbik.v3i3.533
Published
2025-12-03
How to Cite
Dali, A., Ahmad, M., & Biki, S. (2025). THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WORK ENVIRONMENT AND WORK-LIFE BALANCE IN INFLUENCING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AT THE GORONTALO REGENCY CIVIL SERVICE AND HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT AGENCY. Journal of Management : Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), 18(3), 2251-2267. https://doi.org/10.35508/jom.v18i3.26194
Section
Articles
