FACTORS AFFECTING INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AMONG GENERATION Z OF STARTUP EMPLOYEES IN JAKARTA
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Renata Alifia(1*)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Trisakti
-
Netania Emilisa(2)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Trisakti
-
Zelda Dhiya Sulthoni(3)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Trisakti
-
Anggita Agustia(4)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Trisakti
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Marsha Anita Muhadi(5)
International Hotel and Tourism Management, International Management Institute
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Ethical Leadership, Proactive Personality, Work Engagement, Innovative Work Behavior
Abstract
This study aims to examine the influence of Ethical Leadership and Proactive Personality on Innovative Work Behavior mediated by Work Engagement among Generation Z employees working in startup companies in Jakarta. A quantitative approach was applied through the distribution of questionnaires to 145 respondents using a purposive sampling method. The findings indicate that Ethical Leadership has a positive effect on Innovative Work Behavior, while Proactive Personality shows a negative direct influence. However, when mediated by Work Engagement, Proactive Personality exerts a positive effect on innovative behavior. These results suggest that proactive traits do not always directly result in innovation but can foster it when employees feel engaged and energized in their work. This study is limited to startups in Jakarta; therefore, future research is encouraged to broaden the geographical scope and incorporate additional variables to enhance understanding.
Keywords: Ethical Leadership; Proactive Personality; Work Engagement; Innovative Work Behavior
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References
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https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci15080295
Alvianita, R. H., Emilisa, N., & Tiarapuspa. (2023). Pengaruh Supervisor Support Terhadap Employee Performance Dengan Organizational Identification Dan Office De-Clutter Sebagai Variabel Intervening Pada Karyawan Gen-Z Perusahaan Bidang Jasa Di Jakarta. Jurnal Ekonomi Trisakti, 3(2), 2175–2184.
https://doi.org/10.25105/jet.v3i2.16888
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Anugrahito, D., & Muafi, M. (2021). Pengaruh Proactive Personality, Core Self-Evaluation Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Dimediasi Work Engagement. JBTI : Jurnal Bisnis : Teori Dan Implementasi, 11(3), 229–243.
https://doi.org/10.18196/jbti.v11i3.10331
Arsyad, N. A., Narimawati, U., & Aseanty, D. (2025). Ethical Leadership & Digital Leadership Dalam Work Engagement Terhadap Keterlibatan Generasi Z Yang Bekerja Di Kantor Pelayanan Pajak Di Jakarta. Management Studies and Entrepreneurship Journal, 6(4), 7728–7736.
http://journal.yrpipku.com/index.php/msej
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Azzahra, A., Amar, F., Zainita, A., & Pelita, P. J. (2025). Pengaruh Proactive Personality, Knowledge Sharing, Dan Openness Terhadap Innovative Work Behavior Pada Karyawan Perusahaan X. Referensi : Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen Dan Akuntansi, 13(1), 34–47. https://doi.org/10.33366/ref.v13i1.6789
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.obhdp.2005.03.002
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Dhafa, A. F., & Netania, E. (2024). Peran Empowering Leadership Dan Affective Commitment Terdahap Work-Life Balance Dimediasi Oleh Work Engagement Pada Karyawan Organisasi Perbankan Di Jakarta Barat. Journal of Social and Economics Research, 6(1), 418–431.
https://doi.org/10.54783/jser.v6i1.434
Emilisa, N., Febriant, R., Masa, A. N., & Simarmata, I. C. E. (2025). The Influence Of Work-Related Social Media Use ( WSMU ) And Ethical Leadership On Innovative Work Behavior Mediated By Psychological Well-Being At Gojek Company In South Jakarta Pengaruh Work Related Social Media Use ( WSMU ) Dan Ethical Leadership Terhad. Jurnal Fokus Manajemen, 5(3), 349–362. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org/10.37676/jfm.v5i3.8543
Emilisa, N., Yudhaputrib, E. A., & Karimah, N. W. (2024). The impact of leader’s humor styles on creativity and work engagement of call center employees in Jakarta. Journal of Management Info, 8(2), 120–133.
https://doi.org/10.31580/jmi.v8i2.2003
Fairnandha, M. M. (2021). Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support, Job Demands, dan Job Satisfaction terhadap Work Engagement. Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen, 9(3), 920–930. https://doi.org/10.26740/jim.v9n3.p920-930
Fanani, M., Lifchatullaillah, E., Sa’diah, L., Kewirausahaan, P. S., & Soebandi, U. D. (2023). Pengaruh Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Perilaku Kerja yang Inovatif. Jurnal Simki Economic, 6, 365–375. https://jiped.org/index.php/JSE
Fitwaturrusuliyah, N. V., & Sawitri, D. R. (2017). Hubungan Antara Kepribadian Proaktif Dengan Efikasi Diri Dalam Mengambil Keputusan Karir Pada Mahasiswa Tahun Ketiga Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Diponegoro. In Jurnal Empati, Oktober (Vol. 6, Issue 4).
Gunarso, P., Kirana, K. C., Hadi, S., Sarjanawiyata, U., & Yogyakarta, T. (2025). The Role of Psychosocial Well-Being in Mediating the Effects of Ethical Leadership and Employee Ethical Behavior on Innovation at Work. Jurnal REKOMEN, 8(1), 541–557.
Hair, J. F., Howard, M. C., & Nitzl, C. (2020). Assessing measurement model quality in PLS-SEM using con fi rmatory composite analysis. Journal of Business Research, 109(August 2019), 101–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.11.069
Hasanah, P., Seswandi, A., & Ariyanto, A. (2025). Pengaruh Pelatihan Terhadap Innovative Work Behavior Pada Tim Pendamping Keluarga (Tpk) Kabupaten Siak. Baseline : Jurnal Mahasiswa Magister Manajemen, 2(2), 1–7.
Hastari, L., & Netania Emilisa. (2023). Pengaruh Transformational Leadership, Knowledge Sharing, Innovative Work Behaviour terhadap Organizational Performance pada Karyawan Perusahaan Ekspedisi di Jakarta. JSMA (Jurnal Sains Manajemen Dan Akuntansi), 15(2), 206–219. https://doi.org/10.37151/jsma.v15i2.146
Hibatullah, S. A., & Berliyanti, D. O. (2024). Faktor Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Innovative Work Behavior Pada Karyawan Industri Perbankan Bca Di Jakarta. Journal of Social and Economics Research, 6(2), 704–721.
Iba, Z., & Wardhana, A. (2023). Metode Penelitian. In M. Pradana (Ed.), Metode Penelitian Kualitatif.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aditya-Wardhana/publication/382060657_
Indriyani, R., Natajaya, R., & Palumian, Y. (2024). Developing Innovative Work Behaviour: The Influence of Entrepreneurial Leadership through Creative Self-Efficacy and Employee Engagement. Ecopreneur.12, 7(2), 145–161. https://doi.org/10.51804/econ12.v7i2.145-161
Jia, K., Zhu, T., Zhang, W., Rasool, S. F., Asghar, A., & Chin, T. (2022). The Linkage between Ethical Leadership, Well-Being, Work Engagement, and Innovative Work Behavior: The Empirical Evidence from the Higher Education Sector of China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(9), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095414
Khairunnisa, S. F., & Setiasih. (2023). Pengaruh Persepsi Kepemimpinan, Innovative Work Behaviour Terhadap Workforce Agility pada Perusahaan. Psyche 165 Journal, 16(3), 210–215. https://doi.org/10.35134/jpsy165.v16i3.274
Khan, M. M., Ahmed, S. S., Mubarik, M. S., & Islam, T. (2021). Innovation with flow at work: exploring the role of servant leadership in affecting innovative work behavior through flow at work. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 45(September), 94–115.
Kong, Y., & Li, M. (2018). Proactive personality and innovative behavior: The mediating roles of job-related affect and work engagement. Social Behavior and Personality, 46(3), 431–446. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.6618
Kwak, S. (2023). Are Only p-Values Less Than 0.05 Significant? A p-Value Greater Than 0.05 Is Also Significant! Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis, 12(2), 89–95. https://doi.org/10.12997/jla.2023.12.2.89
Li, W., Gill, S. A., Wang, Y., Safdar, M. A., & Sheikh, M. R. (2022). Proactive Personality and Innovative Work Behavior: Through the Juxtapose of Schumpeter’s Theory of Innovation and Broaden-And-Build Theory. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.927458
Liu, X., Huang, Y., Kim, J., & Na, S. (2023). How Ethical Leadership Cultivates Innovative Work Behaviors in Employees? Psychological Safety, Work Engagement and Openness to Experience. Sustainability (Switzerland),
15(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/su15043452
Novrandy, R. A., & Tanuwijaya, J. (2022). Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis Dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi (Jmbi Unsrat) Pengaruh Work-Family Conflict Dan Work Engagement Terhadap Task Performance Dan Turnover Intention Dengan Mediasi Supervisor Support. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Bisnis Dan Inovasi Universitas Sam Ratulangi (Jmbi Unsrat), 9(1), 414–430. https://doi.org/10.35794/jmbi.v9i1.40908
Purdiarini, C. A., & Tanuwijaya, J. (2023). Hubungan Person Organization Fit yang dimediasi oleh Knowledge Sharing Behavior dan Intrinsic Motivation terhadap Innovative Work Behavior. Jesya, 6(1), 272–281.
https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v6i1.924
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Published
2025-12-05
How to Cite
Alifia, R., Emilisa, N., Sulthoni, Z., Agustia, A., & Muhadi, M. (2025). FACTORS AFFECTING INNOVATIVE WORK BEHAVIOR AMONG GENERATION Z OF STARTUP EMPLOYEES IN JAKARTA. Journal of Management : Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), 18(3), 2269-2283. https://doi.org/10.35508/jom.v18i3.26235
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Articles
