THE INFLUENCE OF CREATIVE ECONOMY, BANK CREDIT, AND COMMUNITY SAVINGS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH, POVERTY, AND UNEMPLOYMENT: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN PROVINCES (2015-2024)
-
Ikhda Rofiqotul Khoiriyah(1*)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
-
Feri Dwi Riyanto(2)
Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Creative Economy, Bank Credit, Community Savings, Economic Growth
Abstract
This study aims to analyze the influence of the creative economy, bank credit, and community savings on economic growth, poverty, and unemployment in Indonesia during the period 2015–2024. The research adopts a quantitative approach using panel data from 34 provinces, sourced from Badan Pusat Statistik and Bank Indonesia. The analytical method employed is panel data regression, with the Fixed Effect Model selected as the best-fitting model based on the Chow Test and Hausman Test results. The findings indicate that the creative economy does not have a significant effect on economic growth and poverty; however, it has a positive and significant effect on unemployment. Bank credit demonstrates a positive and significant influence on economic growth, while exerting a negative and significant effect on poverty and unemployment, suggesting its important role in promoting inclusive development. Meanwhile, community savings positively affect economic growth but are also associated with increases in poverty and unemployment, indicating that savings accumulation alone does not automatically translate into productive economic expansion.Simultaneously, the three independent variables significantly influence economic growth, poverty, and unemployment. These results highlight the critical importance of optimizing financial intermediation, strengthening the productive allocation of savings, and enhancing inclusive economic development policies to achieve balanced and sustainable economic outcomes across provinces in Indonesia.
Keywords: Creative Economy; Bank Credit; Community Savings ; Economic Growth
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References
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https://ejournal.stiesyariahbengkalis.ac.id/index.php/iqtishaduna
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Ahmad, K., Nurlaila Putri, S. A., Nabawi, P. S., Wahyuni, A. S., & Nurhasanah, E. (2024). Assessing the impact of the creative economy approach on economic growth: A case study of Pedekik Village. Jurnal Inovasi Ekonomi, 9(01), 11–16. https://doi.org/10.22219/jiko.v9i01.21386
Andrianto. (2020). Manajemen Kredit Teori dan Konsep Bagi Bank Umum. In Sustainability (Switzerland) (Vol. 11, Issue 1). CV. Penerbit Qiara Media. http://scioteca.caf.com/bitstream/handle/123456789/1091/RED2017-Eng-8ene.pdf
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Awad, I. M., & Al Karaki, M. S. (2019). The impact of bank lending on Palestine economic growth: an econometric analysis of time series data. Financial Innovation, 5(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40854-019-0130-8
Bank, W. (2006). Inclusive Growth and Development: Meeting the Challenge of Globalization. World Bank Publications.
Banking Special Inspection Department. (2021). “Learn and avoid”: learning and avoiding banking crimes book (according to the banking law). In Ojk.go.id.
Banks, M. (2020). Creative Economy, Degrowth and Aesthetic Limitation. Cultural Industries and the Environmental Crisis: New Approaches for Policy, 9783030493(November), 1–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49384-4
Bapenas. (2024). Kepala Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Nasional.
Beck, T., Demirgüç-Kunt, A., & Levine, R. (2008). Finance for All? Policies and Pitfalls in Expanding Access. World Bank Publications.
Boix, D., R., De Miguel, M, B., & Rausell, K. P. (2022). The impact of cultural and creative industries on the wealth of countries, regions and municipalities. European Planning Studies, 30(9), 1777–1797. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2021.1909540
BPS. (2023). Statistik Indonesia 2023.
David N. Weil. (2013). Economic Growth (3rd ed.). Pearson Education.
Demirgüç-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., Singer, D., & Ansar, S. (2018). The Global Findex Database 2017: Measuring Financial Inclusion and the Fintech Revolution. World Bank Publications.
Edna, S. S., Triwahyuningtyas, N., & Sugianto, S. (2022). Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Tingkat Kemiskinan Di Provinsi Banten. SIBATIK JOURNAL: Jurnal Ilmiah Bidang Sosial, Ekonomi, Budaya, Teknologi, Dan Pendidikan, 1(4), 259–274. https://doi.org/10.54443/sibatik.v1i4.30
Ellis, S., Sugiono, & Subagyo. (2022). Creative Economic Development Strategies and Contributions to the Economic Development of Kediri City 2016-2019. International Journal Of Humanities Education and Social Sciences (IJHESS), 2(1), 113–119. https://doi.org/10.55227/ijhess.v2i1.216
Elmizan, G. H., & Asy’ari. (2021). EKONOMI MAKRO Modul Kuliah. IAIN Bukittinggi.
Erlando, A., Dwi, F., & Masakazu, S. (2020). Financial inclusion , economic growth , and poverty alleviation : evidence from eastern Indonesia. Heliyon, 6(10), e05235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05235
Fahmi, F. Z., & Koster, S. (2017). Creative Industries and Regional Productivity Growth in the Developing Economy: Evidence from Indonesia. Growth and Change, 48(4), 805–830. https://doi.org/10.1111/grow.12212
Firdausy, C. M. (2020). Garis Kemiskinan dan Kemiskinan“ECOPOS.” LIPI Press, anggota Ikapi.
Gujarati, D. N. (2003). Basic Econometrics. In The Economic Journal (Issue 326). MC Graw Hill. https://doi.org/10.2307/2230043
ILO. (2020). World Employment and Social Outlook: Trends 2020. International Labour Office.
Insana, D. R. M., Yolanda, Y., & Susilastuti, D. (2022). Pengaruh Ekonomi Kreatif Terhadap Kemiskinan Di Pulau Jawa. JABE (Journal of Applied Business and Economic), 8(3), 352. https://doi.org/10.30998/jabe.v8i3.12077
Ismanti, K., & Indra Prianto, S. (2024). Analisis Peran Ekonomi Kreatif Sebagai Solusi Mengatasi Pengangguran. JCIJ Urnal Cakrawala Ilmiah, 3(09). https://bajangjournal.com/index.php/JCI/article/view/7729/6038
Jagadeesh, D. (2015). Determinants of urban youth unemployment: the case of adama city, east shoa zone, oromia national regional state. International Journal of Research in Business Studies and Management, 2(9), 50.
Juelsrud, R. E., & Wold, E. G. (2020). The Saving and Employment Effects of Higher Job Loss Risk *. October, 1–61.
Lestari, R. M., Febriani, R. E., & Putri, N. T. (2022). Pengaruh Kredit Perbankan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Provinsi di Sumatera. Convergence: The Journal of Economic Development, 3(2), 179–195. https://doi.org/10.33369/convergence-jep.v3i2.22388
Levine, R. (2005). Chapter 12 Finance and Growth: Theory and Evidence. 1(A), 865–934. https://doi.org/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1574068405010129?via%3Dihub
Lopez-Leyva, S., & Guzmán-Solano, G. (2021). The Creative Economy as a Factor of Economic Development: Three Different Cases, One Common Objective. Culture. Society. Economy. Politics, 1(2), 41–58. https://doi.org/10.2478/csep-2021-0010
Marbawi. (2017). Bank & Lembaga Keuangan,Lainnya Teori Dan Kebijakan. In Unimal Press. UNIMAL PRESS.
Mere, K., Hery Santoso, M., Utami Rahmawati, H., & Ade Kurnia Harahap, M. (2023). Peran Ekonomi Kreatif Dalam Menggerakkan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Lokal. Communnity Development Journal, 4(6), 12324–12329.
Mishkin, F. S. (2016). The Economics of Money, Banking, and Financial Markets (11th ed.). Pearson Education.
Mishkin, F. S., & Eakins, S. (2018). Financial Markets and Institutions (9th ed.). Pearson Education.
Mukhyi, M. A. (2024). Teori Ekonomi (1st ed.). PT Media Penerbit Indonesia Royal.
Munajat, Putri, A. G., Rahayu, Y. P., Sari, F. P., Dahliana, A. B., Sofyanty, D., Soni, A., Kurniawati, Suyarti, S., Fiyul, A. Y., Irwan, Sani, C., Retnaningdiah, D., Santoso, R., & Dewanto, I. J. (2016). Ekonomi Kreatif Suatu Konsep Ekonomi Baru.
Muttaqin, A. A., Riyanto, F. D., & Afifah, N. (2023). Pengantar Ekonomi Makro Islami. Universitas Brawijaya Press. https://books.google.co.id/books
Narayan, D. (2002). Empowerment and Poverty Reduction: A Sourcebook. World Bank Publications.
Paramita, R. W. D., Rizal, N., Sulistyan, R. B., Taufiq, M., & Dimyanti, M. (2021). Manajemen Industri Kreatif - Bahan Ajar Perkuliahan Bagi Mahasiswa. Widya Gma Press.
Pradana, H. A. (2018). Peranan sektor ekonomi kreatif pada pertumbuhan ekonomi dan ketenagakerjaan di Kalimantan Selatan. Jurnal Kebijakan Pembangunan, 13(1), 9–17. https://jkpjournal.com/index.php/menu/article/download/85/49
Puteh, A., Iis, E. Y., Hasan, A., Yahya, A., & Mawaddah, N. (2018). Development of a creative economy model as an alternative in poverty alleviation. Indian Journal of Public Health Research and Development, 9(12), 1910–1914.
https://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.02269.6
Qausar, N., & Shinta Aminda, R. (2018). Determinan Tingkat Pengangguran Terbuka Di Kabupaten/Kota Provinsi Kepulauan Riau. Journal Of Development Economic and Digitalization, 1(1), 38–50.
Ribaj, A., & Mexhuani, F. (2021). The impact of savings on economic growth in a developing country (the case of Kosovo). Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00140-6
Riswanto, A., Zafar, T. S., P, M. A. C., Sunijati, E., Harto, B., Boari, Y., Astaman, P., Dassir, M., & Aulia Nurul Hikmah. (2023). Ekonomi Kreatif : Inovasi, Peluang, dan Tantangan Ekonomi Kreatif di Indonesia (Issue December).
https://books.google.co.id/books?id=
Samsul, Z., O. V., & Suhartini, A. M. (2021). Peran Ekonomi Kreatif (Subsektor Kuliner, Kriya, Dan Fesyen) Serta Variabel Lainnya Terhadap Pengangguran. Seminar Nasional Official Statistics, 1, 1305–1315.
https://doi.org/10.34123/semnasoffstat.v2020i1.696
Sari, D. N., Siswanto, S., Maksum, I., Abdani, F., Khan, R. B. F., Retnasih, N. R., Setiani, S., & Masyhuri, M. (2023). Determinant of Consumer Decision on Islamic Banking. EL DINAR: Jurnal Keuangan Dan Perbankan Syariah, 11(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.18860/ed.v11i1.17736
Simbolon, R. C., Putri, A., Erlikasna, E., & Tarigan, B. (2024). Pengaruh Penyaluran Kredit Perbankan Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2013 – 2022 The Influence of Bank Credit Distribution on Economic Growth in East Nusa Tenggara 2013-2022. 2(3).
Sipahutar, M. A. (2016). Effects of Credit on Economic Growth, Unemployment and Poverty. Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi Dan Pembangunan, 17(1), 37. https://doi.org/10.23917/jep.v17i1.1651
Sipahutar, M. A. (2018). Credit Depth on Indonesian Regional Development. Quantitative Economics Research, 1(2), 56–67.
Stiglitz, J. E., & Greenwald, B. C. (2014). Creating a Learning Society: A New Approach to Growth, Development, and Social Progress. Columbia University Press.
Sugiyanto, Subagyo, E., Nugroho, W. C. A., Jacob, J., Berry, Y., Nuraini, A., Sudjono, & Syah, S. (2022). Konsep dan Praktik Ekonometrika Menggunakan Eviews. In Academia Publication (p. 179).
Sukirno, S. (2019). Makroekonomi: Teori Pengantar. Raja Grafindo Persada.
Sukomo, S., Prawiranegara, B., & Samiri, S. (2021). Analisis Kredit Perbankan, Belanja Sektor Publik, Tenaga Kerja, Simpanan Masyarakat Pengaruhnya Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Di Jawa Barat. Jurnal Edukasi (Ekonomi,
Pendidikan Dan Akuntansi), 9(2), 169. https://doi.org/10.25157/je.v9i2.6520
Syata, W. M. (2023). Perbankan dan Lembaga Keuangan Lainnya. In Eureka Media Aksara.
Todaro, M. P., & Smith, S. C. (2020). Economic Development (13th ed.). Pearson Education. https://studylib.net/doc/27575301/f5v9e6-economic-development-2020
Tridewi, A. W., Ismail, M., & Susilo, S. (2023). The Role of Banking in Reducing Poverty in 30 Indonesian Provinces. International Journal of Environmental, Sustainability, and Social Science, 4(2), 356–363. https://doi.org/10.38142/ijesss.v4i2.380
UU Nomor 10 Tahun 1998. (1998). Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 Tentang Perbankan. Bank Indonesia, 1–65.
Wahyuningsih, S., Satriani, D., Tinggi, S., Islam, A., & Bengkalis, N. (2019). Pendekatan Ekonomi Kreatif Terhadap Pertumbuhan Ekonomi (Studi Kasus Di Desa Pedekik). IQTISHADUNA: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi Kita, 8(2), 195–205.
https://ejournal.stiesyariahbengkalis.ac.id/index.php/iqtishaduna
Zakariya, J. (2008). Pengantar Teori Ekonomi.
Published
2026-03-10
How to Cite
Khoiriyah, I., & Riyanto, F. (2026). THE INFLUENCE OF CREATIVE ECONOMY, BANK CREDIT, AND COMMUNITY SAVINGS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH, POVERTY, AND UNEMPLOYMENT: EVIDENCE FROM INDONESIAN PROVINCES (2015-2024). Journal of Management : Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), 19(1), 597-611. https://doi.org/10.35508/jom.v19i1.26589
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