Training, career development, and environment to improve employee performance with work motivation as a mediating variable
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Triyanto Dartono(1*)
Magister Management, Universitas Asa
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Pamuji Gesang Raharjo(2)
Magister Management, Universitas Asa
-
Etty Nurwati(3)
Magister Management, Universitas Asa
(*) Corresponding Author
Keywords:
Training, Career Development, Work Environment, Work Motivation, Employee Performance
Abstract
This study aims to examine the influence of training, career development, and the work environment on employee performance, with work motivation serving as a mediating variable. A quantitative research design was employed using survey data collected through structured questionnaires from 215 respondents selected using a saturated sampling technique. The proposed relationships were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The findings indicate that training, career development, and the work environment each have a positive and significant effect on work motivation. Training also has a direct positive effect on employee performance, whereas career development and the work environment do not directly influence performance. In contrast, work motivation has a positive and significant effect on employee performance and significantly mediates the relationships between training, career development, and the work environment with employee performance. These findings underscore the pivotal role of work motivation in translating human resource development practices and workplace conditions into improved employee performance. The study contributes to the human resource management literature by demonstrating the importance of motivational mechanisms in strengthening the effectiveness of organizational development initiatives and offers practical insights for designing integrated strategies to enhance employee performance.
Keywords:Training; Career Development; Work Environment; Work Motivation; Employee Performance
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References
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Mao, Q., Kaewnuch, K., & Fu, J. (2026). Understanding Employees ’ Career Development Expectations and Job Motivation in the Chinese Hotel Industry : Evidence from Chinese Homegrown Hotels. 6(3), 23–38.
Mardianty, D., & Sari, A. J. (2025). The Effect of Career Development and Work Motivation on Employee Performance Transportation Agency 2245. 13(4), 2245–2256. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i4.3269
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Masyruroh, A. J., Fauzi, A., Julia, M., & Ricki, T. S. (2023). Pengaruh Pelatihan dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Karyawan. 1(4), 181–189.
Megawati, E., Yohana, C., & Wolor, C. W. (2025). The Impact of Training and Career Development on Employee Performance through Work Motivation. 2(4), 191–200.
Melati, P., & Satriansyah, A. (2025). Pengaruh Pelatihan Karyawan dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja karyawan pada CV Top Kargo Utama. EBISMAN EBisnis Managemen, 3(3), 36–51. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.59603/ebismen.v3i3.1039
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Pamungkas, A., Qadrian, A. M., & Jusung, J. N. (2025). Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Kerja. 3(1), 1–9.
Panggalih, M., & Gani, N. A. (2025). The effect of motivation and work environment on employee performance at PT. Pratama Savindo Oetama. Indoenesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 8(3), 8211–8225.
Permana, A. F. (2026). The Effect Of Training And Motivation On Improving Employee Performance Through Productivity As A Mediation Variable : A Conceptual Study Of Human Resource Development At Bank Jatim. 22, 963–970.
Prasetya, A. A., & Budiono. (2025). Pengaruh Pelatihan Dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Ilmu Managemen, 13(4), 1003–1014.
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.26740/jim.v12n4.p776-792
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Putra, H. E., Fathorrahman, & Murtianingsih. (2026). The Impact of Training, and Motivation on Performance. 20(2), 809–824.
https://doi.org/10.35931/aq.v20i2.6415
Putra, T. K., & Husein, A. E. (2026). The influence of career development , work motivation, and job satisfaction on employee performance at X Resort Barelang Batam. 13(4), 574–584.
Putri, M. K., Budiati, Y., & Kuswardani, D. (2025). The effect of Training on Employee Performance Through The Intervening variables of Employee Work Productivity at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Karangayu Brand Office. 5(3), 2660–2676. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.31538/mjifm.v5i3.566
Sari, M. P. D. (2025). Pengaruh motivasi kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di koperasi air kehidupan (kak) kota pekan baru. Universitas lancang kuning.
Sinulingga, M. S. B., & Kasmiruddin. (2024). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Pada Devisi Penjualan (Studi Pada PT. Suka Fajar Pekanbaru). Eco Buss, 7(2009), 170–179.
Suhardi, A. R., Oktari, S. D., Budiawan, A., & Widyatama, U. (2023). The Influence of Training Programs and Motivation on Employee Work Productivity. 5(4), 887–896.
Supriatna, N., & Wahyuningtyas, R. (2025). The Influence of Work Environment , Rewards and Career Development on Employee Motivation ( Study on IT Technology Service Company " PT XYZ " in Cilegon City ). 14(1), 282–300.
Susanti, R., Lambe, K. H. P., & Gunadi, H. (2024). Pengaruh Motivasi, Disiplin dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Yayasan Kristen Wamena Kabupaten Jaya Wijaya. 2(2). https://doi.org/doi.org/10.63416/mrb.v2i2.301
Tarman, A. F., Rusydi, M., & Nurbaya, S. (2025). Balance : Jurnal Akuntansi dan Manajemen. 4(259), 1–9.
Tyas, E. W., Ruminta, D., & Akbar, D. D. (2026). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Biro Pembangunan Dan Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi DKI Jakarta. 2(2). https://doi.org/doi.org/10.63921/jmaeka.v2i2.269
Utami, C. P., Widhiandono, H., Miftahuddin, M. A., & Purnadi, P. (2024). Analisis Pengaruh Motivasi , Disiplin, Lingkungan dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai: Studi pada BPN Kabupaten Cilacap. Journal of Accounting and Finance Management, 2(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v6i3
Wibowo, S., & Ahmadi, M. A. (2025). Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan. 2(1), 1208–1218.
Widihartono, R. P., & Ahmadi, M. A. (2024). Pengaruh Pelatihan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di Era Digital. 2(October), 204–213.
Wohung, A. B. A., Suparmoko, M., & Wiguna, W. (2025). The Effect Of Job Satisfaction And Work Environment On Employee Performance Mediated By Work Motivation On Employees Of The Regional Secretariat Of Pandeglang Regency. 5, 1742–1752.
Anwar, S., Edris, M., & Sumekar, K. (2024). Pengaruh Dukungan Budaya Organisasi dan Kompetensi terhadap Peningkatan Kinerja Pegawai dengan Pengembangan Karir Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. 7, 5099–5107.
Basyid, A. (2024). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. 7(1), 39–43. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.52624/manajerial.v7i1.2430
Chinnaraju, A. (2025). Partial least squares structural equation modeling ( PLS-SEM ) in the AI Era : Innovative methodological guide and framework for business research. 13(02), 62–108. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2025.13.2.0048
Desmalia, Wahid, D., & Herawati. (2025). Pengaruh Kompetensi dan Pelatihan Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Negeri Sipil pada Dinas Pekerjaan Umum dan Penataan Ruang (PUPR) Kabupaten Bungo. 3. https://doi.org/10.61132/lokawati.v3i2.1559
Fenia, S. Z., Sari, S. Y., Nadilla, N., & Artikel, I. (2026). Peran motivasi dalam memediasi pengaruh budaya organisasi dan lingkungan kerja terhadap produktivitas kerja karyawan. 5(1), 55–63.
Firdaus, S. M., Sultan, U., Tirtayasa, A., Prahiawan, W., Sultan, U., Tirtayasa, A., Damarwulan, L. M., Sultan, U., & Tirtayasa, A. (2024). The Influence Of Work Motivation And Work Environment Conditions On Employee Performance ( Empirical And Theoretical Study ). 2(3).
Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2022). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM).
Hidayat, R. (2026). The effect of ability and career development on employee performance evidence from indonesian automotive industry. Prima Managemen, 1(3), 535–547.
Hosen, S., Raba, S., Arif, I., & Noormi, S. (2024). Heliyon Training & development , career development , and organizational commitment as the predictor of work performance. Heliyon, 10(1), e23903.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23903
Inayah, R. N., Noch, M. Y., Irawan, A., Mustajab, D., & Sonjaya, Y. (2024). Pengaruh Pelatihan Dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Motivasi Kerja. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 12(1), 84–93.
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.24127/jp.v12i1.10336
Indonesia, B. (2026). Growth of Tourism in Indonesia May 2026. 65, 1–24.
Indonesia Taurism Outlook. (2025). 01.
Indrayana, D. S., Ibnu, F., & Sukono, F. (2024). Pengaruh Beban Kerja , Stres Kerja dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan. 2(1), 9–18.
Kholik, I. M., Violinda, Q., & Darmaputra, M. F. (2024). Pengaruh Pengembangan Karir, Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Kerja (Diklat) dan Kedisiplinan terhadap Kinerja Pegawai: Studi Kasus pada Kantor Dinas Perumahan dan Kawasan Permukiman Kota Semarang. Jurnal Ilmiah Managemen, Bisnis Dan Kewirausahaan, 4(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.55606/jurimbik.v4i1.735 Pengaruh
Khrisna, I. P., Aditya, R., Pio, R. J., & Rumawas, W. (2024). Effect of Training and Career Development on Motivation and Employee Performance. 6(1), 62–81.
Kodija, A., F., Sidiq, D. M., & Tembo, J. (2026). Mediating Role of Work Motivation in The realthionship of Career .Development and Distributive Justice with Employee Performance Among Cosmetics Sector Emplyees. 9(1), 329–345.
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.31538/iijse.v9i1.7725
Kusuma, D., Putri, A., & Hartono, A. (2023). Training , leadership style , and work environment on employee performance : The role of work motivation. 13(2), 197–214.
Mahatani, C., Mansur, Noch, M. Y., & Pongtiku, A. (2025). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Melalui Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 3(3). https://doi.org/doi.org/10.60076/amfr.v313.608
Mahmud, S. A., Sinring, B., & Fadhil, M. (2025). Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Pada PT . Panasonic Gobel Indonesia Cabang Makassar. Center of Economic Student Journal, 8(4), 1544–1551.
Mao, Q., Kaewnuch, K., & Fu, J. (2026). Understanding Employees ’ Career Development Expectations and Job Motivation in the Chinese Hotel Industry : Evidence from Chinese Homegrown Hotels. 6(3), 23–38.
Mardianty, D., & Sari, A. J. (2025). The Effect of Career Development and Work Motivation on Employee Performance Transportation Agency 2245. 13(4), 2245–2256. https://doi.org/10.37641/jimkes.v13i4.3269
Martua, Z., & Pragiwani, M. (2025). The effect of work motivation , job training and career development on employee performance. 11(1), 81–96.
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.36406/jmstei.v11i1.41
Masyruroh, A. J., Fauzi, A., Julia, M., & Ricki, T. S. (2023). Pengaruh Pelatihan dalam Meningkatkan Kompetensi Karyawan. 1(4), 181–189.
Megawati, E., Yohana, C., & Wolor, C. W. (2025). The Impact of Training and Career Development on Employee Performance through Work Motivation. 2(4), 191–200.
Melati, P., & Satriansyah, A. (2025). Pengaruh Pelatihan Karyawan dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja karyawan pada CV Top Kargo Utama. EBISMAN EBisnis Managemen, 3(3), 36–51. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.59603/ebismen.v3i3.1039
Memon, M. A., Thurasamy, R., Ting, H., & Cheah, J.-H. (2025). Purposive Sampling : A Review And Guidelines For. 9(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.47263/JASEM.9(1)01
Pamungkas, A., Qadrian, A. M., & Jusung, J. N. (2025). Pengaruh Kompensasi dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Motivasi Kerja. 3(1), 1–9.
Panggalih, M., & Gani, N. A. (2025). The effect of motivation and work environment on employee performance at PT. Pratama Savindo Oetama. Indoenesian Interdisciplinary Journal of Sharia Economics (IIJSE), 8(3), 8211–8225.
Permana, A. F. (2026). The Effect Of Training And Motivation On Improving Employee Performance Through Productivity As A Mediation Variable : A Conceptual Study Of Human Resource Development At Bank Jatim. 22, 963–970.
Prasetya, A. A., & Budiono. (2025). Pengaruh Pelatihan Dan Pengembangan Karir Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Dengan Motivasi Kerja Sebagai Variabel Mediasi. Jurnal Ilmu Managemen, 13(4), 1003–1014.
https://doi.org/doi.org/10.26740/jim.v12n4.p776-792
Prayuda, R. Z., Praditya, R. A., & Purwanto, A. (2025). Penerapan Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Organisasi. 2(2), 10–19. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.7777/vcg5xm67
Purnamasari, A. L., Meilianda, R., Kamar, K., & Purno, M. (2024). Jurnal Ilmu Manajemen ( JIM ) motivasi pada karyawan instansi x Surabaya. Jurnal Pendidikan Ekonomi, 12(1), 84–93.
Putra, H. E., Fathorrahman, & Murtianingsih. (2026). The Impact of Training, and Motivation on Performance. 20(2), 809–824.
https://doi.org/10.35931/aq.v20i2.6415
Putra, T. K., & Husein, A. E. (2026). The influence of career development , work motivation, and job satisfaction on employee performance at X Resort Barelang Batam. 13(4), 574–584.
Putri, M. K., Budiati, Y., & Kuswardani, D. (2025). The effect of Training on Employee Performance Through The Intervening variables of Employee Work Productivity at PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Karangayu Brand Office. 5(3), 2660–2676. https://doi.org/doi.org/10.31538/mjifm.v5i3.566
Sari, M. P. D. (2025). Pengaruh motivasi kerja dan lingkungan kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan di koperasi air kehidupan (kak) kota pekan baru. Universitas lancang kuning.
Sinulingga, M. S. B., & Kasmiruddin. (2024). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Pada Devisi Penjualan (Studi Pada PT. Suka Fajar Pekanbaru). Eco Buss, 7(2009), 170–179.
Suhardi, A. R., Oktari, S. D., Budiawan, A., & Widyatama, U. (2023). The Influence of Training Programs and Motivation on Employee Work Productivity. 5(4), 887–896.
Supriatna, N., & Wahyuningtyas, R. (2025). The Influence of Work Environment , Rewards and Career Development on Employee Motivation ( Study on IT Technology Service Company " PT XYZ " in Cilegon City ). 14(1), 282–300.
Susanti, R., Lambe, K. H. P., & Gunadi, H. (2024). Pengaruh Motivasi, Disiplin dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Pada Yayasan Kristen Wamena Kabupaten Jaya Wijaya. 2(2). https://doi.org/doi.org/10.63416/mrb.v2i2.301
Tarman, A. F., Rusydi, M., & Nurbaya, S. (2025). Balance : Jurnal Akuntansi dan Manajemen. 4(259), 1–9.
Tyas, E. W., Ruminta, D., & Akbar, D. D. (2026). Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja Dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Pegawai Biro Pembangunan Dan Lingkungan Hidup Provinsi DKI Jakarta. 2(2). https://doi.org/doi.org/10.63921/jmaeka.v2i2.269
Utami, C. P., Widhiandono, H., Miftahuddin, M. A., & Purnadi, P. (2024). Analisis Pengaruh Motivasi , Disiplin, Lingkungan dan Stres Kerja terhadap Kinerja Pegawai: Studi pada BPN Kabupaten Cilacap. Journal of Accounting and Finance Management, 2(1), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v6i3
Wibowo, S., & Ahmadi, M. A. (2025). Pengaruh Pelatihan dan Lingkungan Kerja Terhadap Motivasi Kerja Karyawan. 2(1), 1208–1218.
Widihartono, R. P., & Ahmadi, M. A. (2024). Pengaruh Pelatihan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Di Era Digital. 2(October), 204–213.
Wohung, A. B. A., Suparmoko, M., & Wiguna, W. (2025). The Effect Of Job Satisfaction And Work Environment On Employee Performance Mediated By Work Motivation On Employees Of The Regional Secretariat Of Pandeglang Regency. 5, 1742–1752.
Published
2026-07-17
How to Cite
Dartono, T., Raharjo, P., & Nurwati, E. (2026). Training, career development, and environment to improve employee performance with work motivation as a mediating variable. Journal of Management : Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), 19(2), 1597-1614. https://doi.org/10.35508/jom.v19i2.29046
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Articles
