Membangun Perdamaian dalam Masyarakat: Kajian Literatur terhadap Proses Penyelesaian Konflik Sosial
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Retno Angraeni S(1*)
Universitas Cenderawasih
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Rahyudi Dwiputra(2)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
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Fadil Mas'ud(3)
Universitas Nusa Cendana
https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2147-2567
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Konflik sosial merupakan fenomena universal yang selalu ada dalam dinamika kehidupan bermasyarakat, namun pembahasan terkait proses penyelesaiannya masih terus dilakukan hingga saat ini. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengkaji strategi dan tahapan penyelesaian konflik sosial melalui pendekatan kajian literatur untuk memberikan gambaran sistematis bagi peneliti, praktisi dan pengambil kebijakan. Metode yang digunakan adalah literatur review dengan memanfaatkan snowball sampling terhadap artikel relevan yang sesuai dengan kata kunci yang telah ditentukan. Data kemudian dianalisis dengan tahapan reduksi, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil kajian menemukan bahwa penyelesaian konflik sosial masih sangat bergantung pada strategi konvensional dengan melibatkan pihak ketiga melalui negosiasi, mediasi, konsiliasi, dan arbitrasi. Adapun tahapan penyelesaian konflik mengikuti alur kronologis yang terdiri dari munculnya konflik, identifikasi akar masalah dan pemetaan pihak terlibat, pemilihan strategi dan pelaksanaan dialog, terbentuknya kesepakatan dan implementasi solusi yang kemudian dilanjutkan dengan rekonsiliasi sebagai tahap pemulihan hubungan sosial jangka panjang
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