Effectiveness of Essential Oils as Natural Bioinsecticides for Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes Causing Dengue Fever (DHF): A Systematic Literature Review
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Mifahul ulum(1*)
Program Studi S1 Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229 Bandung 40154, Jawa Barat
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M Zahran Ruswandi(2)
Program Studi S1 Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229 Bandung 40154, Jawa Barat
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Asep Kadarohman(3)
Program Studi S1 Kimia, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jl. Dr. Setiabudhi No. 229 Bandung 40154, Jawa Barat
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstrak
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the endemic diseases in Indonesia caused by the Aedes aegypti mosquito. Excessive use of synthetic insecticides in mosquito control efforts can have negative impacts on the environment and human health. Therefore, more environmentally friendly alternatives are needed, such as natural bioinsecticides from essential oils. This article is a literature review that aims to examine the effectiveness of various essential oils, including those from clove flowers (Syzygium aromaticum), lime (Citrus aurantifolia), betel leaf (Piper betle Linn), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus), and young areca nut (Areca catechu) as bioinsecticides against Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The method used was a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) with a PRISMA approach to literature published between 2010 and 2025. Of the 4,916 articles found, five experimental articles were selected for in-depth analysis. The results showed that all essential oils had potential as bioinsecticides, with clove oil showing the highest effectiveness (LC₅₀ value = 3.434%) and young areca nut oil showing the fastest action (LT₅₀ = 56.967 minutes). The content of active compounds such as eugenol, linalool, tannin, and terpenoids in essential oils plays an important role in the mechanism of toxicity and repellency against mosquitoes. Clove oil is the most effective, safe, and environmentally friendly alternative in controlling mosquitoes that cause dengue fever.
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